# COG ANBL0032

Source: https://onco.cc/trials/anbl0032/  
OnCo record `anbl0032` (Trial). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

The trial that made anti-GD2 immunotherapy standard for children with high-risk neuroblastoma, improving survival by about 20 points.

## Summary

COG ANBL0032, trial NCT00026312 run by the Children's Oncology Group and published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2010, made anti-GD2 immunotherapy standard for children with high-risk neuroblastoma, improving survival by about twenty points. It randomised 226 children after transplant to the anti-GD2 antibody ch14.18, now dinutuximab, with GM-CSF, interleukin-2 and isotretinoin, or isotretinoin alone, met its primary event-free survival endpoint at two years and improved overall survival, was stopped early for efficacy, and led to approval in 2015 with long-term follow-up confirming the gain. OnCo links it to paediatric neuroblastoma, GD2 as a target, dinutuximab, the Children's Oncology Group, Alice L. Yu, Julie R. Park and the bottleneck of paediatric cancers without markets. Whether anti-GD2 can move earlier into induction is the open question.

## Fields

- Kind: Trial
- Status: positive
- Last checked: 2026-09-07
- Registry id: NCT00026312
- Phase: 3
- Setting: High-risk neuroblastoma after transplant: ch14.18 (dinutuximab) + GM-CSF + IL-2 + isotretinoin vs isotretinoin alone
- Sponsor: Children's Oncology Group
- Enrolled: 226
- Result: 2-year EFS 66% vs 46%; OS 86% vs 75%.
- Outcomes: Event-free survival at 2 years: Immunotherapy + isotretinoin 66% vs Isotretinoin 46%; Overall survival at 2 years: Immunotherapy + isotretinoin 86% vs Isotretinoin 75%
- Replication: SIOPEN HR-NBL1 confirmed anti-GD2 benefit with dinutuximab beta (and showed IL-2 adds no efficacy).

## Sources

- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00026312: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00026312

## Connected records

- cancers: [High-risk neuroblastoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/neuroblastoma-high-risk/), [Neuroblastoma (paediatric)](https://onco.cc/cancers/neuroblastoma/)
- technologies: [Monoclonal antibodies](https://onco.cc/technologies/monoclonal-antibody/)
- targets: [GD2 (disialoganglioside)](https://onco.cc/targets/gd2/)
- drugs: [Dinutuximab (ch14.18) / dinutuximab beta](https://onco.cc/drugs/dinutuximab/), [Isotretinoin](https://onco.cc/drugs/isotretinoin/)
- companies: [Children's Oncology Group (COG)](https://onco.cc/companies/childrens-oncology-group/)
- people: [Alice L. Yu](https://onco.cc/people/alice-yu/), [Julie R. Park](https://onco.cc/people/julie-park/)
- bottlenecks: [Rare and paediatric cancers without markets](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-rare-cancers/)
- roadmaps: [Paediatric oncology roadmap: cooperative-group cures → engineered immunity → drugs developed for children first](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/paediatric-oncology-roadmap/)

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