# ARAF

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/araf/  
OnCo record `araf` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

ARAF (Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Lung cancer, Colorectal cancer, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and 4 more.

## Summary

Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May also regulate the TOR signalling cascade. Phosphorylates PFKFB2.

CIViC holds 10 clinical evidence items and 1 assertion across 8 variants, naming Sorafenib, Cobimetinib, Vemurafenib and Cetuximab and others. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.66 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes clinical 0.17, affected pathway 0.88, literature 0.94, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.46, animal model 0.43). IntOGen calls it a driver in 3 cohorts (3 activating, 0 loss-of-function), covering Cholangiocarcinoma, Lung Adenocarcinoma, Small Cell Lung Cancer.

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: A-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase; Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf; A-Raf; ARAF1
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: ARAF
- Class: kinase
- Biology: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May also regulate the TOR signalling cascade. Phosphorylates PFKFB2. Serves as a positive regulator of myogenic differentiation by inducing cell cycle arrest, the expression of myogenin and other muscle-specific proteins, and myotube formation. Locus Xp11.3 (HGNC).
- Where found: Lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease; Colorectal cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease; Langerhans cell histiocytosis: CIViC evidence names this disease; Non-small-cell lung cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease; IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (LUAD); Erdheim-Chester disease: CIViC evidence names this disease; Biliary tract cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (CHOL)

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.17; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 3 cohorts; CIViC holds 10 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:646: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:646
- UniProt P10398: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P10398/entry
- NCBI Gene 369: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/369
- Ensembl ENSG00000078061: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000078061

## Connected records

- collections: [CIViC](https://onco.cc/collections/civic/), [IntOGen](https://onco.cc/collections/intogen/), [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)
- cancers: [Biliary tract cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)](https://onco.cc/cancers/cholangiocarcinoma/), [Colorectal cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/colorectal/), [Erdheim-Chester disease](https://onco.cc/cancers/erdheim-chester-disease/), [Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)](https://onco.cc/cancers/langerhans-cell-histiocytosis/), [Lung cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/lung-cancer/), [Non-small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/nsclc/), [Small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/sclc/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/araf.json