# HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer

Source: https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/  
OnCo record `breast-hr-positive` (Cancer). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

HR-positive breast cancer is the most common breast cancer, driven by oestrogen. It was treated for years with hormone-blocking pills, now joined by CDK4/6 inhibitors, PI3K-pathway drugs, degraders, and ADCs.

## Summary

Hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer is about 70% of all breast cancers and the archetype of a hormone-driven, slow-evolving disease. Oestrogen receptor signalling drives proliferation, so endocrine therapy has been the backbone since tamoxifen (1977) and aromatase inhibitors (1990s); because recurrences can occur 10-20 years after diagnosis, therapy lasts 5-10 years and adherence is a major real-world determinant of outcome. Gene-expression assays (Oncotype DX, MammaPrint) now spare roughly 70% of node-negative and most postmenopausal node-positive patients chemotherapy, while adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors (abemaciclib, ribociclib) reduce recurrence in the high-risk minority.

Metastatic disease is treated as a sequence of endocrine-based combinations. First line is a CDK4/6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy, with ribociclib and abemaciclib showing overall survival gains that palbociclib did not. Progression is increasingly managed by genotype: ESR1 mutations detected in ctDNA (30-40% after aromatase inhibitors) call for oral SERDs (elacestrant, imlunestrant) or the PROTAC vepdegestrant, and since September 2026 for camizestrant switched in at molecular progression; PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alterations (about 50%) call for inavolisib, capivasertib, or alpelisib; gedatolisib (2026) works in PIK3CA-wild-type disease. After endocrine options are exhausted, antibody-drug conjugates precede chemotherapy: T-DXd for the ~60% with HER2-low or ultralow expression, and the TROP2 ADCs sacituzumab govitecan and datopotamab deruxtecan.

Open problems are the evolution of resistance across this long sequence (CDK4/6, then endocrine, then ADC payload resistance), the absence of a validated test for late recurrence, toxicity and adherence over years of therapy, and translating ctDNA-guided decisions into proven survival gains. The near-term pipeline is defined by oral SERDs moving into the adjuvant setting (lidERA positive; CAMBRIA and EMBER-4 pending), CDK4-selective inhibitors, new HER2-low and TROP2 ADCs, and ctDNA-triggered switching, which the FDA endorsed over a negative advisory vote in 2026.

## Fields

- Kind: Cancer
- Last checked: 2026-09-07
- Tags: breast; spike
- Group: breast
- Burden: HR-positive disease makes up about 70% of the 2.3 million breast cancers diagnosed each year (roughly 1.6 million). Most are found early, treated with surgery and endocrine therapy, and spared chemotherapy by genomic assays. Because it can recur late, it accounts for the majority of the 670,000 annual breast cancer deaths, which is why adjuvant therapy lasts years and tests for late recurrence are a research priority.
- Subtypes: Luminal A; Luminal B; HER2-low (~60% of HR+); ESR1-mutant (acquired); PIK3CA-mutant (~40%); Luminal A (low proliferation, best prognosis); Luminal B (higher proliferation, Ki-67 high, benefits more from chemotherapy and CDK4/6); HER2-low (IHC 1+/2+ ISH-negative, ~60% of HR+) and HER2-ultralow: eligible for T-DXd; ESR1-mutant (acquired under aromatase inhibitors, 30-40%); PIK3CA-mutant (~40%), AKT1 or PTEN altered (~10%); Invasive lobular carcinoma (~10-15%; CDH1 loss, often ER+, distinct metastatic pattern); Endocrine-resistant primary (relapse within 2 years of adjuvant ET) vs secondary; Male breast cancer (>90% ER+)
- Biomarkers: ER/PR; HER2 IHC 0/1+/2+ (low, ultralow); Ki-67; Oncotype DX / MammaPrint / Prosigna; PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN; ESR1 (ctDNA); gBRCA; ER and PR by IHC (≥1%; 1-10% 'ER-low' behaves like TNBC); HER2 IHC 0/1+/2+ with the low and ultralow categories for T-DXd eligibility; Ki-67 (≥20% defines high risk for adjuvant abemaciclib, monarchE cohort 2); Oncotype DX recurrence score, MammaPrint, Prosigna, Breast Cancer Index (late recurrence, extended ET); PIK3CA, AKT1, PTEN alterations (tissue or ctDNA) for PI3K/AKT-pathway drugs; ESR1 mutation by ctDNA (serial monitoring endorsed by SERENA-6); gBRCA1/2 (olaparib, OlympiA); Menopausal status and oestradiol (for AI eligibility, OFS adequacy); Bone density (AI-induced loss); CDK4/6 resistance markers under study: RB1 loss, CCNE1, FGFR1 amplification

## Sections of this record

The page is a hub with ten sections in reading order; large sections have their own page. The same plan as JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/cancers/breast-hr-positive/sections.json

- Overview (on the hub): The TL;DR, the family this cancer belongs to, the organ, who gets it and what the state of the art is. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/#overview [2 subtypes, 9 state-of-the-art points]
- What it is (on the hub): Anatomy, the subtypes and how they differ, how it is staged, and where advanced disease spreads. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/#what-it-is [15 subtypes, 6 sites of spread]
- Finding it (on the hub): How it shows itself, how it is confirmed, what screening exists, and the biomarkers clinicians test for. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/#finding-it [17 biomarkers, 12 prevalence rows]
- Treating it (on the hub): The standard of care by setting, the medicines, surgery and radiotherapy named in it, and the regimens behind them. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/#treating-it [15 settings, 15 regimens, 13 decisions with options]
- Evidence (own page): Trials recruiting now, the landmark trials, the key papers and what they mean, the latest literature, and the milestones year by year. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/evidence/ [128 trials, 48 key papers, 24 milestones]
- The science (own page): The molecular landscape: the targets and how often each appears, the pathways, the mechanics stages and the preclinical models. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/science/ [39 targets, 12 pathways, 6 preclinical models]
- Where you are (own page): Cases by country, the UK and NHS pathway and other country lenses, and the expert centres with trials on record. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/where-you-are/ [110 centres]
- Living with it (own page): The decisions you may face, the aids that walk through them, the warnings on record, the first sixty days and the questions to ask. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/living-with-it/ [47 questions, 6 red cards]
- What is coming (own page): Everything in development, the open problems and what is being done about them, the roadmaps, and what changed on this record. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/coming/ [117 medicines, 128 trials, 80 ideas, 11 open problems]
- Data (own page): Every connected record, the notes, the JSON, Markdown and RDF twins, and where the record came from and when it was checked. https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-hr-positive/data/ [935 connected records]

## Standard of care

- Early stage: Surgery, radiation, endocrine therapy 5-10 years; chemotherapy if genomic risk high; abemaciclib or ribociclib adjuvant for high-risk. ([Oncotype DX](https://onco.cc/drugs/oncotype-dx/), [Abemaciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/abemaciclib/), [Ribociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/ribociclib/), [monarchE](https://onco.cc/trials/monarche/), [NATALEE](https://onco.cc/trials/natalee/))
- Metastatic first line: CDK4/6 inhibitor + aromatase inhibitor or fulvestrant. ([Palbociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/palbociclib/), [Ribociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/ribociclib/), [Abemaciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/abemaciclib/))
- Metastatic second line: Genotype-directed: capivasertib, inavolisib, alpelisib, everolimus; elacestrant/vepdegestrant if ESR1-mutant; gedatolisib. ([Capivasertib](https://onco.cc/drugs/capivasertib/), [Inavolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/inavolisib/), [Elacestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/elacestrant/), [Vepdegestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/vepdegestrant/), [Gedatolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/gedatolisib/))
- Endocrine-resistant: T-DXd (HER2-low/ultralow) before chemotherapy; sacituzumab govitecan or Dato-DXd after chemotherapy. ([DESTINY-Breast06](https://onco.cc/trials/destiny-breast06/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/trastuzumab-deruxtecan/), [Sacituzumab govitecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/sacituzumab-govitecan/), [Datopotamab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/datopotamab-deruxtecan/))
- Screening and diagnosis: Mammography ± tomosynthesis; supplemental MRI for dense breasts or high risk; core biopsy with ER/PR/HER2/Ki-67; AI-assisted reading being deployed. ([Mammography & tomosynthesis](https://onco.cc/technologies/mammography/), [AI in radiology](https://onco.cc/technologies/radiology-ai-screening/), [Histopathology & immunohistochemistry](https://onco.cc/technologies/histopathology-ihc/))
- Early stage, deciding on chemotherapy: Genomic assay (Oncotype DX RS ≤25 node-negative or postmenopausal 1-3 nodes; MammaPrint low risk) → endocrine therapy alone; premenopausal RS 16-25 or high clinical risk → chemotherapy or OFS-based escalation. ([TAILORx](https://onco.cc/trials/tailorx/), [RxPONDER (SWOG S1007)](https://onco.cc/trials/rxponder/), [Oncotype DX](https://onco.cc/drugs/oncotype-dx/), [MammaPrint (70-gene signature)](https://onco.cc/drugs/mammaprint/))
- Early stage, adjuvant endocrine therapy: Postmenopausal: aromatase inhibitor 5-10 years (or tamoxifen → AI switch). Premenopausal: tamoxifen 5-10 years; add OFS (+ AI or tamoxifen) for higher-risk or chemotherapy-treated women (SOFT/TEXT). ([Letrozole (and other aromatase inhibitors)](https://onco.cc/drugs/letrozole/), [Tamoxifen](https://onco.cc/drugs/tamoxifen/), [Goserelin / leuprolide (ovarian function suppression)](https://onco.cc/drugs/goserelin/), [SOFT & TEXT](https://onco.cc/trials/soft-text/))
- Early stage, high risk: adjuvant CDK4/6: Abemaciclib 2 years for node-positive high-risk (monarchE); ribociclib 3 years for stage II-III including node-negative high-risk (NATALEE). Palbociclib not effective (PALLAS/PENELOPE-B). Olaparib 1 year if gBRCA (OlympiA). ([Abemaciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/abemaciclib/), [Ribociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/ribociclib/), [monarchE](https://onco.cc/trials/monarche/), [NATALEE](https://onco.cc/trials/natalee/), [PALLAS & PENELOPE-B](https://onco.cc/trials/pallas-penelope-b/), [Olaparib](https://onco.cc/drugs/olaparib/))
- Early stage, extended and adjuvant SERD (emerging): Extended AI to 10 years for higher-risk (MA.17R, NSABP B-42); adjuvant giredestrant positive in lidERA (2025, not yet approved); CAMBRIA (camizestrant) and EMBER-4 (imlunestrant) ongoing. ([lidERA](https://onco.cc/trials/lidera/), [CAMBRIA-1 & CAMBRIA-2](https://onco.cc/trials/cambria/), [Giredestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/giredestrant/))
- Metastatic, first line: CDK4/6 inhibitor + aromatase inhibitor (or fulvestrant): ribociclib or abemaciclib preferred where OS data are valued; palbociclib acceptable. Premenopausal: add OFS. For relapse on/within 12 months of adjuvant ET with PIK3CA mutation: inavolisib + palbociclib + fulvestrant (INAVO120). ([MONALEESA-2](https://onco.cc/trials/monaleesa-2/), [MONARCH 3](https://onco.cc/trials/monarch-3/), [PALOMA-2](https://onco.cc/trials/paloma-2/), [INAVO120](https://onco.cc/trials/inavo120/), [Ribociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/ribociclib/), [Abemaciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/abemaciclib/), [Palbociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/palbociclib/), [Inavolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/inavolisib/))
- Metastatic, molecular progression on first line: Serial ctDNA; on emergent ESR1 mutation before radiographic progression, switch AI → camizestrant and continue the CDK4/6 inhibitor (SERENA-6; accelerated approval 4 Sep 2026). ([SERENA-6](https://onco.cc/trials/serena-6/), [Camizestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/camizestrant/))
- Metastatic, second line by genotype: ESR1-mutant: elacestrant, imlunestrant (± abemaciclib), or vepdegestrant. PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN: capivasertib + fulvestrant; alpelisib + fulvestrant. Any genotype after CDK4/6: gedatolisib + palbociclib + fulvestrant (PIK3CA-wild-type, 2026); everolimus + exemestane or giredestrant (filed); abemaciclib switch (postMONARCH, modest). ([EMBER-3](https://onco.cc/trials/ember-3/), [EMERALD](https://onco.cc/trials/emerald/), [VERITAC-2](https://onco.cc/trials/veritac-2/), [CAPItello-291](https://onco.cc/trials/capitello-291/), [SOLAR-1](https://onco.cc/trials/solar-1/), [Gedatolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/gedatolisib/), [evERA](https://onco.cc/trials/evera/), [postMONARCH](https://onco.cc/trials/postmonarch/), [Elacestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/elacestrant/), [Imlunestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/imlunestrant/), [Vepdegestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/vepdegestrant/), [Capivasertib](https://onco.cc/drugs/capivasertib/))
- Metastatic, endocrine-resistant: ADC before chemotherapy: HER2-low or ultralow (~60%): T-DXd (DESTINY-Breast06 chemotherapy-naive; DESTINY-Breast04 after chemotherapy). HER2-zero: sacituzumab govitecan or Dato-DXd after chemotherapy (TROPiCS-02, TROPION-Breast01). ([DESTINY-Breast06](https://onco.cc/trials/destiny-breast06/), [DESTINY-Breast04](https://onco.cc/trials/destiny-breast04/), [TROPiCS-02](https://onco.cc/trials/tropics-02/), [TROPION-Breast01](https://onco.cc/trials/tropion-breast01/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/trastuzumab-deruxtecan/), [Sacituzumab govitecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/sacituzumab-govitecan/), [Datopotamab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/datopotamab-deruxtecan/))
- Metastatic, chemotherapy and later lines: Sequential single-agent chemotherapy (capecitabine, taxanes, eribulin, vinorelbine); olaparib/talazoparib if gBRCA; clinical trials; supportive and palliative care integrated early. ([Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel](https://onco.cc/drugs/paclitaxel/), [Olaparib](https://onco.cc/drugs/olaparib/), [Talazoparib](https://onco.cc/drugs/talazoparib/))
- Bone-predominant disease and survivorship: Bisphosphonate or denosumab for bone metastases and AI-induced bone loss; adjuvant bisphosphonates in postmenopausal women; exercise, cardio-oncology, and adherence support. ([Exercise & lifestyle oncology](https://onco.cc/technologies/exercise-oncology/), [Cardio-oncology](https://onco.cc/technologies/cardio-oncology/))

## State of the art

- Adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors reduce recurrence in high-risk early disease.
- ctDNA-guided ESR1 switching and first PROTAC approval (2026).
- ADCs before chemotherapy in HER2-low/ultralow disease.
- Chemotherapy omission for ~70% of node-negative and most postmenopausal node-positive patients using genomic assays (TAILORx, RxPONDER, MINDACT).
- Adjuvant CDK4/6 inhibitors (abemaciclib, ribociclib) cut recurrence in high-risk early disease; the first adjuvant oral SERD (giredestrant, lidERA) is positive and awaiting approval.
- First-line CDK4/6 + endocrine therapy with median OS beyond five years (MONALEESA-2: 63.9 months).
- Genotype-directed second line: ESR1-mutant → oral SERDs or the first approved PROTAC (vepdegestrant); PIK3CA/AKT/PTEN → inavolisib (OS benefit), capivasertib.
- The first ctDNA-triggered treatment switch approved by the FDA (camizestrant, SERENA-6, September 2026), over a negative advisory vote.
- ADCs before chemotherapy in endocrine-resistant disease: T-DXd for HER2-low and ultralow (DESTINY-Breast06), TROP2 ADCs for the rest.

## Open problems

- Late recurrence (up to 20+ years) with no predictive test.
- CDK4/6 resistance mechanisms and sequencing.
- Endocrine therapy adherence and toxicity.
- Late recurrence: half of relapses occur after year 5 and no test reliably identifies who needs extended or intensified therapy.
- Adherence: a third of women stop adjuvant endocrine therapy early because of arthralgia, hot flushes, and sexual side effects.
- Sequencing after CDK4/6: no head-to-head trials among oral SERDs, PI3K/AKT agents, everolimus combinations, and ADCs.
- Does acting on ctDNA improve survival? SERENA-6 improved PFS; OS and patient-reported outcomes are unresolved, as the ODAC vote showed.
- Palbociclib versus ribociclib versus abemaciclib: different survival results without a randomised comparison.
- HER2-low scoring reproducibility at IHC 0/1+ determines T-DXd eligibility for millions of patients.
- Invasive lobular carcinoma is under-represented in trials despite being 10-15% of cases.
- Premenopausal women: whether chemotherapy's benefit in RxPONDER is simply ovarian suppression (NRG-BR009 / OFSET will answer).

## Sources

- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer
- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer

## Connected records

- roadmaps: [ADC roadmap: from Mylotarg to bispecific and dual-payload ADCs](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/adc-generations/), [Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/tnbc-roadmap/), [TROP2 ADC roadmap: sacituzumab govitecan → Dato-DXd → sac-TMT → bispecifics and PET](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/trop2-adc-roadmap/)
- pairings: [Caution: proton therapy vs IMRT](https://onco.cc/pairings/proton-vs-imrt/), [Caution: TOP1 ADC immediately after TOP1 ADC](https://onco.cc/pairings/adc-after-adc-caution/), [CDK4/6 inhibitor + endocrine therapy](https://onco.cc/pairings/cdk46-plus-endocrine/), [Gene-expression assay → chemotherapy omission](https://onco.cc/pairings/genomic-assay-to-chemo-omission/), [Germline BRCA test → adjuvant PARP inhibitor](https://onco.cc/pairings/germline-to-parp/), [HER2-low scoring → T-DXd](https://onco.cc/pairings/her2-low-to-tdxd/), [Oral SERD + CDK4/6 inhibitor after ESR1 emergence](https://onco.cc/pairings/oral-serd-plus-cdk46-after-esr1/), [PI3K/AKT-pathway inhibitor + endocrine therapy (± CDK4/6)](https://onco.cc/pairings/pi3k-pathway-plus-endocrine/)
- cancers: [Breast cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-cancer/), [Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)](https://onco.cc/cancers/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ/), [HER2-low and HER2-ultralow metastatic breast cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/her2-low-metastatic-breast-cancer/), [HER2-positive breast cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-her2-positive/), [High-risk early HR-positive breast cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/hr-positive-early-high-risk/), [HR-positive metastatic breast cancer after CDK4/6 inhibitors](https://onco.cc/cancers/hr-positive-metastatic-post-cdk46/), [Inflammatory breast cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/inflammatory-breast-cancer/), [Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (invasive ductal carcinoma)](https://onco.cc/cancers/invasive-breast-carcinoma-no-special-type/), [Invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast](https://onco.cc/cancers/invasive-cribriform-carcinoma-breast/), [Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast](https://onco.cc/cancers/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/), [Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast](https://onco.cc/cancers/invasive-micropapillary-carcinoma-breast/), [Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)](https://onco.cc/cancers/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/), [Male breast cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/male-breast-cancer/), [Mucinous carcinoma of the breast](https://onco.cc/cancers/mucinous-carcinoma-breast/), [Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast](https://onco.cc/cancers/neuroendocrine-neoplasms-breast/), [Paget disease of the nipple](https://onco.cc/cancers/paget-disease-of-the-nipple/), [Papillary carcinomas of the breast (encapsulated, solid and invasive papillary)](https://onco.cc/cancers/papillary-carcinoma-breast/), [Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)](https://onco.cc/cancers/tnbc/), [Tubular carcinoma of the breast](https://onco.cc/cancers/tubular-carcinoma-breast/)
- technologies: [Acupuncture for aromatase-inhibitor joint pain](https://onco.cc/technologies/acupuncture-aromatase-inhibitor-arthralgia/), [Acupuncture for hot flushes on endocrine therapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/acupuncture-hot-flushes/), [AI in radiology](https://onco.cc/technologies/radiology-ai-screening/), [AI-assisted mammography screening](https://onco.cc/technologies/ai-mammography-screening/), [Alcohol reduction, pricing and cancer warning labels](https://onco.cc/technologies/alcohol-reduction-labelling/), [Alternative medicine used instead of standard treatment](https://onco.cc/technologies/alternative-medicine-instead-of-treatment/), [Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC)](https://onco.cc/technologies/adc/), [Aspirin for cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/aspirin-cancer-prevention/), [Bariatric surgery and cancer incidence](https://onco.cc/technologies/bariatric-surgery-cancer-incidence/), [Bone-modifying agents (bisphosphonates, denosumab)](https://onco.cc/technologies/bone-modifying-agents/), [Cardio-oncology](https://onco.cc/technologies/cardio-oncology/), [CDK4/6 inhibitors](https://onco.cc/technologies/cdk46-inhibitor/), [CellSearch circulating tumour cell count](https://onco.cc/technologies/cellsearch-ctc-count/), [Chemoprevention & risk-reducing surgery](https://onco.cc/technologies/chemoprevention/), [Circulating tumour cell capture](https://onco.cc/technologies/ctc-capture/), [Clinical hypnosis for procedures, pain and hot flushes](https://onco.cc/technologies/hypnosis-cancer-care/), [Compression, decongestive therapy and exercise for lymphoedema](https://onco.cc/technologies/lymphoedema-decongestive-therapy/), [Dance and movement therapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/dance-movement-therapy/), [Dietary supplements during cancer treatment: interactions and harms](https://onco.cc/technologies/dietary-supplements-treatment-interactions/), [Dietitian-led weight-loss programmes in HR-positive breast cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/dietitian-led-weight-loss-breast/), [Digital pathology & AI](https://onco.cc/technologies/digital-pathology-ai/), [Endocrine therapy (SERMs, AIs, SERDs)](https://onco.cc/technologies/endocrine-therapy/), [Exercise & lifestyle oncology](https://onco.cc/technologies/exercise-oncology/), [Exercise during chemotherapy and radiotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/exercise-during-chemotherapy/), [Fasting and fasting-mimicking diets around chemotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/fasting-mimicking-diet/), [FES PET (oestrogen receptor imaging)](https://onco.cc/technologies/fes-pet/), [Gene-expression prognostic assays](https://onco.cc/technologies/gene-expression-prognostic-assays/), [Germline (hereditary) testing](https://onco.cc/technologies/germline-testing/), [GLP-1 receptor agonists and obesity-related cancer risk](https://onco.cc/technologies/glp1-agonists-cancer-risk/), [HER2 PET](https://onco.cc/technologies/her2-pet/), [Histopathology & immunohistochemistry](https://onco.cc/technologies/histopathology-ihc/), [Hypofractionated radiotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/hypofractionated-radiotherapy/), [Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT)](https://onco.cc/technologies/intraoperative-radiotherapy/), [KAT6 inhibitors](https://onco.cc/technologies/kat6-inhibitors/), [Liquid biopsy (ctDNA)](https://onco.cc/technologies/liquid-biopsy/), [Mammography & tomosynthesis](https://onco.cc/technologies/mammography/), [Mediterranean and plant-forward dietary patterns](https://onco.cc/technologies/mediterranean-plant-forward-diet/), [Metastatic seeding and dormancy models](https://onco.cc/technologies/metastasis-seeding-models/), [Minoxidil for persistent chemotherapy- and endocrine-therapy hair loss](https://onco.cc/technologies/minoxidil-chemotherapy-alopecia/), [Mirai (MIT breast cancer risk from mammograms)](https://onco.cc/technologies/mirai/), [Mistletoe extracts (Iscador, Helixor)](https://onco.cc/technologies/mistletoe-extracts/), [MRD / molecular residual disease testing](https://onco.cc/technologies/mrd-testing/), [Norton-Simon hypothesis and dose-dense chemotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/norton-simon-hypothesis/), [Oncofertility and fertility preservation](https://onco.cc/technologies/fertility-preservation/), [Oral SERDs](https://onco.cc/technologies/oral-serds/), [Palliative radiotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/palliative-radiotherapy/), [PARP inhibitors](https://onco.cc/technologies/parp-inhibitor/), [Peer support and support groups](https://onco.cc/technologies/peer-support-groups/), [PI3K, AKT and mTOR inhibitors](https://onco.cc/technologies/pi3k-akt-mtor-inhibitors/), [Polygenic risk scores for cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/polygenic-risk-scores/), [PROTACs & molecular glues (targeted protein degradation)](https://onco.cc/technologies/protac-degrader/), [RNA sequencing & expression profiling](https://onco.cc/technologies/rna-seq/), [Scalp cooling (cold caps: DigniCap, Paxman)](https://onco.cc/technologies/scalp-cooling/), [Sentinel lymph node biopsy](https://onco.cc/technologies/sentinel-node/), [Shark cartilage (AE-941, Neovastat)](https://onco.cc/technologies/shark-cartilage/), [Sleep and circadian interventions in cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/sleep-circadian-interventions/), [Small-molecule kinase inhibitors](https://onco.cc/technologies/kinase-inhibitors/), [Soy foods and breast cancer](https://onco.cc/technologies/soy-breast-cancer/), [Structured exercise programmes after curative treatment](https://onco.cc/technologies/structured-exercise-survivorship/), [Surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT)](https://onco.cc/technologies/surface-guided-radiotherapy/), [Survivorship care and late-effects surveillance](https://onco.cc/technologies/survivorship-care-plan/), [Systematic drug repurposing](https://onco.cc/technologies/drug-repurposing/), [Time-restricted eating in cancer prevention and survivorship](https://onco.cc/technologies/time-restricted-eating/), [TROP2 PET](https://onco.cc/technologies/trop2-pet/), [Ultra-processed food and sugar-sweetened drinks](https://onco.cc/technologies/ultra-processed-food-ssb/), [Ultrasound](https://onco.cc/technologies/ultrasound/), [Vitamin D and omega-3 supplementation](https://onco.cc/technologies/vitamin-d-omega3-supplementation/), [Yoga during and after cancer treatment](https://onco.cc/technologies/yoga-cancer/)
- targets: [AKT](https://onco.cc/targets/akt/), [Aromatase (CYP19A1)](https://onco.cc/targets/aromatase/), [BRCA1 / BRCA2 (HRD)](https://onco.cc/targets/brca/), [CCNE1](https://onco.cc/targets/ccne1/), [CDK4/6](https://onco.cc/targets/cdk4-6/), [CYP11A1 (cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme)](https://onco.cc/targets/cyp11a1/), [Estrogen receptor (ERα)](https://onco.cc/targets/estrogen-receptor/), [FKBP12 (FKBP1A)](https://onco.cc/targets/fkbp12/), [FOXA1](https://onco.cc/targets/foxa1/), [GnRH receptor (GNRHR)](https://onco.cc/targets/gnrhr/), [GRPR (gastrin-releasing peptide receptor)](https://onco.cc/targets/grpr/), [HER2](https://onco.cc/targets/her2/), [HER3](https://onco.cc/targets/her3/), [IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R)](https://onco.cc/targets/igf1r/), [Ki-67 (MKI67)](https://onco.cc/targets/mki67/), [LIV-1 (SLC39A6)](https://onco.cc/targets/liv1/), [MAP2K7](https://onco.cc/targets/map2k7/), [MMP1](https://onco.cc/targets/mmp1/), [MPS1 (TTK)](https://onco.cc/targets/ttk/), [mTOR](https://onco.cc/targets/mtor/), [PARP](https://onco.cc/targets/parp/), [PIK3CA / PI3K-alpha](https://onco.cc/targets/pik3ca/), [Progesterone receptor (PGR)](https://onco.cc/targets/pgr/), [PTEN](https://onco.cc/targets/pten/), [RANK ligand (RANKL)](https://onco.cc/targets/rankl/), [TROP2](https://onco.cc/targets/trop2/), [Tubulin (microtubules)](https://onco.cc/targets/tubulin/)
- drugs: [Abemaciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/abemaciclib/), [Alpelisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/alpelisib/), [Aminoglutethimide](https://onco.cc/drugs/aminoglutethimide/), [Anastrozole](https://onco.cc/drugs/anastrozole/), [ArteraAI Breast](https://onco.cc/drugs/artera-ai-breast/), [Atirmociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/atirmociclib/), [AVZO-021](https://onco.cc/drugs/avzo-021/), [BEBT-209](https://onco.cc/drugs/bebt-209/), [BGB-43395](https://onco.cc/drugs/bgb-43395/), [BRACAnalysis CDx](https://onco.cc/drugs/bracanalysis-cdx/), [Breast Cancer Index](https://onco.cc/drugs/breast-cancer-index/), [Camizestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/camizestrant/), [Capecitabine](https://onco.cc/drugs/capecitabine/), [Capivasertib](https://onco.cc/drugs/capivasertib/), [Cyclophosphamide](https://onco.cc/drugs/cyclophosphamide/), [D-0502](https://onco.cc/drugs/d-0502/), [Dalpiciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/dalpiciclib/), [Datopotamab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/datopotamab-deruxtecan/), [Denosumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/denosumab/), [Dexrazoxane](https://onco.cc/drugs/dexrazoxane/), [Diethylstilbestrol](https://onco.cc/drugs/diethylstilbestrol/), [Docetaxel](https://onco.cc/drugs/docetaxel/), [Doxifluridine](https://onco.cc/drugs/doxifluridine/), [Doxorubicin](https://onco.cc/drugs/doxorubicin/), [Eflapegrastim](https://onco.cc/drugs/eflapegrastim/), [Elacestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/elacestrant/), [EndoPredict](https://onco.cc/drugs/endopredict/), [ENV-501](https://onco.cc/drugs/env-501/), [EP0062](https://onco.cc/drugs/ep0062/), [Epirubicin](https://onco.cc/drugs/epirubicin/), [Eribulin](https://onco.cc/drugs/eribulin/), [ESG401](https://onco.cc/drugs/esg401/), [Everolimus](https://onco.cc/drugs/everolimus/), [Evorpacept](https://onco.cc/drugs/evorpacept/), [Exemestane](https://onco.cc/drugs/exemestane/), [Fluoroestradiol F-18 (FES PET)](https://onco.cc/drugs/fluoroestradiol-f18/), [Fluoxymesterone](https://onco.cc/drugs/fluoxymesterone/), [Formestane](https://onco.cc/drugs/formestane/), [Fulvestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/fulvestrant/), [Gedatolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/gedatolisib/), [Giredestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/giredestrant/), [GLSI-100](https://onco.cc/drugs/glsi-100/), [Goserelin / leuprolide (ovarian function suppression)](https://onco.cc/drugs/goserelin/), [Gotistobart](https://onco.cc/drugs/gotistobart/), [Guardant Reveal](https://onco.cc/drugs/guardant-reveal/), [Guardant360 CDx](https://onco.cc/drugs/guardant360-cdx/), [HER2 IHC and ISH companion assays (HercepTest, PATHWAY 4B5, HER2 Dual ISH)](https://onco.cc/drugs/her2-testing-assays/), [HLX11](https://onco.cc/drugs/hlx11/), [HLX22](https://onco.cc/drugs/hlx22/), [HRS-8080](https://onco.cc/drugs/hrs-8080/), [Ibandronic acid](https://onco.cc/drugs/ibandronic-acid/), [Imlunestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/imlunestrant/), [Inavolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/inavolisib/), [Ipatasertib](https://onco.cc/drugs/ipatasertib/), [Ixabepilone](https://onco.cc/drugs/ixabepilone/), [JK08](https://onco.cc/drugs/jk08/), [JS105](https://onco.cc/drugs/js105/), [JSKN003](https://onco.cc/drugs/jskn003/), [JSKN016](https://onco.cc/drugs/jskn016/), [KN026](https://onco.cc/drugs/kn026/), [Lerociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/lerociclib/), [Letrozole (and other aromatase inhibitors)](https://onco.cc/drugs/letrozole/), [Leuprolide (leuprorelin) and GnRH agonists](https://onco.cc/drugs/leuprolide/), [Lunit INSIGHT MMG](https://onco.cc/drugs/lunit-insight-mmg/), [MammaPrint (70-gene signature)](https://onco.cc/drugs/mammaprint/), [Megestrol acetate](https://onco.cc/drugs/megestrol/), [MI Cancer Seek](https://onco.cc/drugs/caris-mi-cancer-seek/), [Mia (Mammography Intelligent Assessment)](https://onco.cc/drugs/kheiron-mia/), [Olaparib](https://onco.cc/drugs/olaparib/), [Oncotype DX](https://onco.cc/drugs/oncotype-dx/), [Paclitaxel / nab-paclitaxel](https://onco.cc/drugs/paclitaxel/), [Palbociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/palbociclib/), [Pamidronate](https://onco.cc/drugs/pamidronate/), [Patritumab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/patritumab-deruxtecan/), [Pegulicianine](https://onco.cc/drugs/pegulicianine/), [PF-07248144](https://onco.cc/drugs/pf-07248144/), [Pirarubicin](https://onco.cc/drugs/pirarubicin/), [ProFound AI (iCAD)](https://onco.cc/drugs/icad-profound-ai/), [Prosigna (PAM50)](https://onco.cc/drugs/prosigna/), [RaDaR](https://onco.cc/drugs/radar-mrd/), [Raloxifene](https://onco.cc/drugs/raloxifene/), [RC148](https://onco.cc/drugs/rc148/), [Ribociclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/ribociclib/), [RO7771950](https://onco.cc/drugs/ro7771950/), [RPH-051](https://onco.cc/drugs/rph-051/), [Sacituzumab govitecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/sacituzumab-govitecan/), [Sacituzumab tirumotecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/sacituzumab-tirumotecan/), [Samarium-153 lexidronam](https://onco.cc/drugs/samarium-153-lexidronam/), [Samuraciclib](https://onco.cc/drugs/samuraciclib/), [Sapanisertib](https://onco.cc/drugs/sapanisertib/), [Serabelisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/serabelisib/), [SIM0270](https://onco.cc/drugs/sim0270/), [SPH4336](https://onco.cc/drugs/sph4336/), [SYS6023](https://onco.cc/drugs/sys6023/), [Talazoparib](https://onco.cc/drugs/talazoparib/), [Talc (intrapleural)](https://onco.cc/drugs/talc-sclerosant/), [Tamoxifen](https://onco.cc/drugs/tamoxifen/), [Technetium Tc-99m sulfur colloid](https://onco.cc/drugs/technetium-sulfur-colloid/), [Technetium-99m tilmanocept](https://onco.cc/drugs/tilmanocept-tc99m/), [Tersolisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/tersolisib/), [therascreen companion diagnostic kits (KRAS, EGFR, PIK3CA, FGFR, BRAF)](https://onco.cc/drugs/therascreen-cdx/), [Thiotepa](https://onco.cc/drugs/thiotepa/), [Toremifene](https://onco.cc/drugs/toremifene/), [TQB2102](https://onco.cc/drugs/tqb2102/), [TQB2930](https://onco.cc/drugs/tqb2930/), [TQB3616](https://onco.cc/drugs/tqb3616/), [Transpara](https://onco.cc/drugs/transpara/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan](https://onco.cc/drugs/trastuzumab-deruxtecan/), [Triptorelin](https://onco.cc/drugs/triptorelin/), [Tucidinostat (chidamide)](https://onco.cc/drugs/tucidinostat/), [Veliparib](https://onco.cc/drugs/veliparib/), [Vepdegestrant](https://onco.cc/drugs/vepdegestrant/), [Vinorelbine](https://onco.cc/drugs/vinorelbine/), [XZP-3287](https://onco.cc/drugs/xzp-3287/), [YL202](https://onco.cc/drugs/yl202/), [Zoledronic acid](https://onco.cc/drugs/zoledronic-acid/), [Zovegalisib](https://onco.cc/drugs/zovegalisib/)
- companies: [Agendia](https://onco.cc/companies/agendia/), [Arvinas](https://onco.cc/companies/arvinas/), [AstraZeneca](https://onco.cc/companies/astrazeneca/), [Ataraxis AI](https://onco.cc/companies/ataraxis-ai/), [Atossa Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/atossa-therapeutics/), [Austrian Breast & Colorectal Cancer Study Group](https://onco.cc/companies/abcsg/), [Boundless Bio](https://onco.cc/companies/boundless-bio/), [Breast Cancer Trials](https://onco.cc/companies/breast-cancer-trials/), [Breast International Group (BIG)](https://onco.cc/companies/big/), [BridgeBio Oncology Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/bridgebio-oncology-therapeutics/), [Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG)](https://onco.cc/companies/cctg/), [Celcuity](https://onco.cc/companies/celcuity/), [Circle Pharma](https://onco.cc/companies/circle-pharma/), [Clear Gene](https://onco.cc/companies/clear-gene/), [Criterium](https://onco.cc/companies/criterium/), [Daehwa Pharmaceutical](https://onco.cc/companies/daehwa-pharmaceutical/), [Daiichi Sankyo](https://onco.cc/companies/daiichi-sankyo/), [Danish Breast Cancer Group](https://onco.cc/companies/dbcg/), [Dantari](https://onco.cc/companies/dantari/), [Digistain](https://onco.cc/companies/digistain/), [Eli Lilly (incl. Loxo)](https://onco.cc/companies/eli-lilly/), [Ellipses Pharma](https://onco.cc/companies/ellipses-pharma/), [ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation](https://onco.cc/companies/etop-ibcsg/), [Eurofarma](https://onco.cc/companies/eurofarma/), [Exact Sciences (Abbott)](https://onco.cc/companies/exact-sciences/), [Foghorn Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/foghorn-therapeutics/), [Forward Pharmaceuticals](https://onco.cc/companies/forward-pharmaceuticals/), [GEICAM Spanish Breast Cancer Group](https://onco.cc/companies/geicam/), [Gilead Sciences (incl. Kite)](https://onco.cc/companies/gilead/), [GTx](https://onco.cc/companies/gtx/), [Hologic](https://onco.cc/companies/hologic/), [iCAD (RadNet)](https://onco.cc/companies/icad/), [Inivata](https://onco.cc/companies/inivata/), [iSono Health](https://onco.cc/companies/isono-health/), [Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals](https://onco.cc/companies/hengrui/), [Kheiron Medical Technologies](https://onco.cc/companies/kheiron-medical-technologies/), [Kiyatec](https://onco.cc/companies/kiyatec/), [Kymera Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/kymera/), [Lucence](https://onco.cc/companies/lucence/), [Lumicell](https://onco.cc/companies/lumicell/), [Lunit](https://onco.cc/companies/lunit/), [MBrace Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/mbrace-therapeutics/), [Menarini / Stemline](https://onco.cc/companies/menarini/), [Myriad Genetics](https://onco.cc/companies/myriad-genetics/), [Navidea Biopharmaceuticals](https://onco.cc/companies/navidea/), [NearWave](https://onco.cc/companies/nearwave/), [Novartis](https://onco.cc/companies/novartis/), [NSABP Foundation](https://onco.cc/companies/nsabp-foundation/), [Nuvation Bio](https://onco.cc/companies/nuvation-bio/), [Olema Pharmaceuticals](https://onco.cc/companies/olema-pharmaceuticals/), [Oncolytics Biotech](https://onco.cc/companies/oncolytics-biotech/), [Ontario Clinical Oncology Group](https://onco.cc/companies/ocog/), [Outcomes4Me](https://onco.cc/companies/outcomes4me/), [Pathos AI](https://onco.cc/companies/pathos-ai/), [Perimeter Medical Imaging AI](https://onco.cc/companies/perimeter-medical-imaging-ai/), [Pfizer (incl. Seagen)](https://onco.cc/companies/pfizer/), [Plexium](https://onco.cc/companies/plexium/), [Prelude Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/prelude-therapeutics/), [Qilu Pharmaceutical](https://onco.cc/companies/qilu-pharmaceutical/), [Relay Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/relay-therapeutics/), [Roche / Genentech](https://onco.cc/companies/roche-genentech/), [ScreenPoint Medical](https://onco.cc/companies/screenpoint-medical/), [Shenzhen Ionova Life Sciences](https://onco.cc/companies/shenzhen-ionova-life-sciences/), [Signatur Biosciences](https://onco.cc/companies/signatur-biosciences/), [Simcere Pharmaceutical](https://onco.cc/companies/simcere/), [SOLTI Cancer Research Group](https://onco.cc/companies/solti/), [Therapixel](https://onco.cc/companies/therapixel/), [Treadwell Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/treadwell-therapeutics/), [Triana Biomedicines](https://onco.cc/companies/triana-biomedicines/), [TYK Medicines](https://onco.cc/companies/tyk-medicines/), [Vara](https://onco.cc/companies/vara/), [Veru](https://onco.cc/companies/veru/), [Volpara Health](https://onco.cc/companies/volpara-health/), [Xcision Medical Systems](https://onco.cc/companies/xcision-medical-systems/), [Xuanzhu Biopharmaceutical](https://onco.cc/companies/xuanzhu-biopharmaceutical/)
- pathways: [Basement membrane & tissue barriers](https://onco.cc/pathways/basement-membrane-tissue-barriers/), [Breast cancer (KEGG map)](https://onco.cc/pathways/breast-cancer-signalling/), [Fibroblast activation, desmoplasia & matrix stiffness](https://onco.cc/pathways/caf-activation-desmoplasia/), [Lipid synthesis, uptake & cholesterol](https://onco.cc/pathways/lipid-metabolism-cancer/), [Oestrogen receptor signalling](https://onco.cc/pathways/er-signaling/), [Organ tropism: seed and soil](https://onco.cc/pathways/organ-tropism-seed-soil/), [p53 / RB / cell-cycle checkpoint](https://onco.cc/pathways/p53-cell-cycle/), [PI3K / AKT / mTOR](https://onco.cc/pathways/pi3k-akt-mtor/), [The cell-cycle engine (cyclins & CDKs)](https://onco.cc/pathways/cell-cycle-engine-cdks/), [Transcriptional machinery & addiction](https://onco.cc/pathways/transcription-addiction/), [Tumour dormancy](https://onco.cc/pathways/tumor-dormancy/), [Ubiquitin-proteasome system & protein homeostasis](https://onco.cc/pathways/ubiquitin-proteasome-system/)
- terms: [ADC sequencing](https://onco.cc/terms/adc-sequencing/), [AJCC 8th edition prognostic stage for breast cancer](https://onco.cc/terms/ajcc-prognostic-stage-breast/), [Alcohol-attributable cancer](https://onco.cc/terms/alcohol-attributable-cancer/), [Anthracyclines (doxorubicin, epirubicin)](https://onco.cc/terms/anthracycline/), [Aromatase inhibitor](https://onco.cc/terms/aromatase-inhibitor/), [Bone metastases and skeletal-related events](https://onco.cc/terms/bone-metastases/), [Cancer during pregnancy](https://onco.cc/terms/cancer-in-pregnancy/), [Chemoprevention (tamoxifen, anastrozole, raloxifene) and ER-negative breast cancer](https://onco.cc/terms/chemoprevention-and-er-negative-breast-cancer/), [Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA)](https://onco.cc/terms/ctdna/), [Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH)](https://onco.cc/terms/deep-inspiration-breath-hold/), [Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)](https://onco.cc/terms/dcis/), [Endocrine resistance](https://onco.cc/terms/endocrine-resistance/), [ER and PR negative under 1 percent (the triple-negative threshold, and ER-low)](https://onco.cc/terms/er-pr-negative-threshold/), [ESR1 mutation](https://onco.cc/terms/esr1-mutation/), [Grade](https://onco.cc/terms/tumour-grade/), [HER2-low and HER2-ultralow](https://onco.cc/terms/her2-low/), [Hormone receptor status (ER / PR)](https://onco.cc/terms/hormone-receptor-status/), [Hormone therapy](https://onco.cc/terms/hormone-therapy/), [Hypofractionation (fewer, larger radiotherapy doses)](https://onco.cc/terms/hypofractionation/), [Ki-67 in triple-negative breast cancer](https://onco.cc/terms/ki-67-in-tnbc/), [Late recurrence](https://onco.cc/terms/late-recurrence/), [Lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery)](https://onco.cc/terms/lumpectomy/), [Mastectomy](https://onco.cc/terms/mastectomy/), [Obesity-related cancers (IARC list of 13)](https://onco.cc/terms/obesity-related-cancers/), [Oral SERD](https://onco.cc/terms/oral-serd/), [Ovarian function suppression (OFS)](https://onco.cc/terms/ovarian-function-suppression/), [PAM50 / intrinsic subtypes](https://onco.cc/terms/pam50/), [PTEN loss](https://onco.cc/terms/pten-loss/), [Radiation dermatitis (skin reaction)](https://onco.cc/terms/radiation-dermatitis/), [Salpingo-oophorectomy](https://onco.cc/terms/salpingo-oophorectomy/), [Selective oestrogen receptor degrader (SERD)](https://onco.cc/terms/serd/)
- trials: [(Z)-Endoxifen for the Treatment of Premenopausal Women With ER+/HER2- Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05607004/), [A Clinical Study of Neoadjuvant Treatment With TQB2102 for Injection for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) Positive Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07043725/), [A Clinical Study of TQB2102 Versus Docetaxel Plus Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in the Treatment of HER2 Positive Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07003074/), [A Clinical Trial of TQB2102 for Injection in the Treatment of HER2 Low-Expressing Recurrent/Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06561607/), [A Comparative Study of AZD9833 Plus Palbociclib Versus Anastrozole Plus Palbociclib in Patients With ER-Positive HER2 Negative Breast Cancer Who Have Not Received Any Systemic Treatment for Advanced Disease](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04711252/), [A Phase 3 Study of HRS-8080 Versus Treatment Chosen by Physicians in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07024173/), [A Phase III Randomised Study to Evaluate Dato-DXd and Durvalumab for Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant Treatment of Triple-Negative or Hormone Receptor-low/HER2-negative Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06112379/), [A Phase III Study of ESG401 for Locally Advanced or Metastatic HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06383767/), [A Phase III Trial Comparing HRS-8080 With Standard Endocrine Therapy in Patients With Intermediate or High Risk Early Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07349069/), [A Phase IIIb Study to Evaluate Camizestrant Plus Ribociclib in ER-positive, HER2-negative Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07647328/), [A Randomised, Open-label, Multicentre Phase III Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of JS105 Combined With Dalpiciclib and Fulvestrant Compared With Dalpiciclib and Fulvestrant in Patients With PIK3CA-mutated, HR-positive, HER2-negative Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07207070/), [A Study Comparing BL-M07D1 With DS-8201 in Patients With HR-Positive, HER2-Low Expressing Recurrent/Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07678957/), [A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Giredestrant Compared With Physician's Choice of Endocrine Monotherapy in Participants With Previously Treated Estrogen Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer (acelERA Breast Cancer)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04576455/), [A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Inavolisib Plus CDK4/6 Inhibitor and Letrozole vs Placebo + CDK4/6i and Letrozole in Participants With Endocrine-Sensitive PIK3CA-Mutated, Hormone Receptor-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06790693/), [A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Inavolisib Plus Fulvestrant Compared With Alpelisib Plus Fulvestrant in Participants With HR-Positive, HER2-Negative, PIK3CA Mutated, Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Post CDK4/6i and Endocrine Combination Therapy](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05646862/), [A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Multiple Treatment Combinations in Participants With Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04802759/), [A Study of Abemaciclib (LY2835219) Combined With Fulvestrant in Women With Hormone Receptor Positive HER2 Negative Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct02107703/), [A Study of Alisertib in Combination With Endocrine Therapy in Patients With HR-positive, HER2-negative Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06369285/), [A Study of Dato-DXd in Inoperable or Metastatic Hormone Receptor-positive, HER2 IHC 0 Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07205822/), [A Study of DB-1303/BNT323 vs Investigator's Choice Chemotherapy in HER2-Low, Hormone Receptor Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer (DYNASTY-Bre](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06018337/), [A Study of GB491 in Combination With Letrozole in Patients With HR Positive and HER2 Negative Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05851014/), [A Study of Imlunestrant (LY3484356) in Premenopausal Women With Estrogen Receptor-Positive (ER+) Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Negative (HER2-) Early Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07287098/), [A Study of SIM0270 Combined With Everolimus vs. Treatment of Physician's Choice in Patients With ER+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer (SIMRISE)](https://onco.cc/trials/simrise/), [A Study of Tersolisib (LY4064809/STX-478) With Other Anti-Cancer Treatments in Participants With Advanced Breast Cancer With a Genetic Change (PIK3CA)](https://onco.cc/trials/pik3ca-2/), [A Study of the Efficacy, Safety and Pharmacokinetics of RPH-051 and Perjeta® in Combination With Trastuzumab and Docetaxel as the 1st Line Therapy in Patients With HER2-positive Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07386938/), [A Study of XZP-3287 in Combination With Fulvestrant in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05077449/), [A Study to Evaluate D-0502 in Subjects With ER+ Her2- Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06954961/), [A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Giredestrant Compared With Fulvestrant (Plus a CDK4/6 Inhibitor), in Participants With ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer Resistant to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy (pionERA Breast Cancer)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06065748/), [A Study to Evaluate the Effect of GDC-4198 Alone and in Combination With Giredestrant Versus Abemaciclib and Giredestrant in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Estrogen Receptor-Positive (ER+), Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Negative (HER2-) Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07100106/), [A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of HLX11 vs. EU-Perjeta® in the Neoadjuvant Therapy of HER2-Positive and HR-Negative Early-stage or Locally Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05346224/), [A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Preliminary Antitumor Activity of INV-6452 in Adult Patients With Hormone Receptor Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Negative (HR+/HER2-) Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer or Locally Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumor](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07612891/), [A Study to Evluate Efficacy and Safety of HRS-8080 Combined With Dalpiciclib in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Resistant to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07354022/), [A Study to Investigate Efficacy and Safety With Oral AZD9833 Compared With Intramuscular Fulvestrant in Post-menopausal Women at Least 18 Years of Age With Advanced ER-positive HER2 Negative Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04214288/), [A Study to Learn About the Study Medicine Called PF-07248144 in Combination With Fulvestrant in People With HR-positive, HER2-negative Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Progressed After a Prior Line of Treatment](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07062965/), [A Study to Learn More About How Well Elinzanetant Works and How Safe it is Compared to Placebo for the Treatment of Hot Flashes Caused by Anti-cancer Therapy in Women With, or at High Risk for Developing Hormone-receptor Positive Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05587296/), [Add-Aspirin](https://onco.cc/trials/add-aspirin/), [BGB-43395 Plus Letrozole Versus CDK4/6i Plus Letrozole for Patients With Advanced or Metastatic HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer Who Have Not Received Prior Treatment for Advanced or Metastatic Disease](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07492641/), [BOLERO-2](https://onco.cc/trials/bolero-2/), [BROCADE3](https://onco.cc/trials/brocade3/), [BWEL (Breast Cancer Weight Loss, Alliance A011401)](https://onco.cc/trials/bwel/), [CALGB 9343](https://onco.cc/trials/calgb-9343/), [CAMBRIA-1 & CAMBRIA-2](https://onco.cc/trials/cambria/), [CAPItello-291](https://onco.cc/trials/capitello-291/), [Clinical Study on Adjuvant Therapy of TQB3616 Combined With Endocrine Therapy Compared With Placebo Combined With Endocrine Therapy in Patients With Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05780567/), [Clinical Trial of TQB2102 for Injection Versus Trastuzumab Emtansine for Injection in HER2-positive Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07008976/), [Comparison of Fulvestrant (FASLODEX™) 250 mg and 500 mg in Postmenopausal Women With Oestrogen Receptor Positive Advanced Breast Cancer Progressing or Relapsing After Previous Endocrine Therapy.](https://onco.cc/trials/nct00099437/), [CREATE-X](https://onco.cc/trials/create-x/), [DAWNA-1](https://onco.cc/trials/dawna-1/), [DBCG 82b and 82c](https://onco.cc/trials/dbcg-82bc/), [DESTINY-Breast04](https://onco.cc/trials/destiny-breast04/), [DESTINY-Breast06](https://onco.cc/trials/destiny-breast06/), [DNA-guided Second Line Adjuvant Therapy for High Residual Risk, Estrogen Receptor Positive, HER-2 Negative Breast Cancer (DARE)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04567420/), [Efficacy and Safety of Tinengotinib Tablets Combined With Fulvestrant Injection in Patients With HR Positive and HER-2 Negative Recurrent or Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Have Failed Prior Treatment](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07498478/), [ELACESTRANT in Women and Men With CDK4/6 Inhibitor-Naive Estrogen Receptor Positive, HER-2 Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer Study](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05596409/), [EMBER-3](https://onco.cc/trials/ember-3/), [EMBRACA](https://onco.cc/trials/embraca/), [EMERALD](https://onco.cc/trials/emerald/), [EORTC 22922/10925](https://onco.cc/trials/eortc-22922/), [evERA](https://onco.cc/trials/evera/), [FAST-Forward](https://onco.cc/trials/fast-forward/), [FOURLIGHT-1](https://onco.cc/trials/fourlight-1/), [I-SPY 2](https://onco.cc/trials/i-spy-2/), [I-SPY 2.2](https://onco.cc/trials/i-spy-2-2/), [IMPORT LOW](https://onco.cc/trials/import-low/), [INAVO120](https://onco.cc/trials/inavo120/), [INSITE](https://onco.cc/trials/insite/), [JSKN003 Versus Treatment Of Physician'S Choice For HER2-low, Unresectable and/or Metastatic Breast Cancer Subjects](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06079983/), [lidERA](https://onco.cc/trials/lidera/), [LUMINA](https://onco.cc/trials/lumina/), [MASAI (Mammography Screening with Artificial Intelligence)](https://onco.cc/trials/masai/), [MINDACT](https://onco.cc/trials/mindact/), [MONALEESA-2](https://onco.cc/trials/monaleesa-2/), [MONARCH 3](https://onco.cc/trials/monarch-3/), [monarchE](https://onco.cc/trials/monarche/), [NATALEE](https://onco.cc/trials/natalee/), [NCIC MA.20](https://onco.cc/trials/ma-20/), [NSABP B-39/RTOG 0413](https://onco.cc/trials/nsabp-b39/), [OlympiA](https://onco.cc/trials/olympia/), [OlympiAD](https://onco.cc/trials/olympiad/), [OP-1250 (Palazestrant) vs. Standard of Care for the Treatment of ER+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06016738/), [Palazestrant in Combination With Ribociclib for the First-line Treatment of ER+/HER2- Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07085767/), [PALLAS & PENELOPE-B](https://onco.cc/trials/pallas-penelope-b/), [PALOMA-2](https://onco.cc/trials/paloma-2/), [PATINA](https://onco.cc/trials/patina/), [PENELOPE-B](https://onco.cc/trials/penelope-b/), [Peritumoral lidocaine before breast cancer surgery (Tata Memorial)](https://onco.cc/trials/lidocaine-peritumoral-tmh/), [persevERA](https://onco.cc/trials/persevera/), [Phase 1/2 Study to Evaluate EP0062 as Monotherapy and in Combination in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic AR+/HER-2-/ER+ Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05573126/), [Phase 3 Study of Gedatolisib as First-Line Treatment for Patients With HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer (VIKTORIA-2)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06757634/), [Phase 3 Study of RLY-2608 + Fulvestrant vs Capivasertib + Fulvestrant as Treatment for Locally Advanced or Metastatic PIK3CA-mutant HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06982521/), [Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of HER2/Neu Peptide GLSI-100 (GP2 + GM-CSF) in HER2/Neu Positive Subjects](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05232916/), [Phase II/III Study of SPH4336 Combined With Letrozole vs Placebo Combined With Letrozole in First-line Treatment of Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05744687/), [plasmaMATCH](https://onco.cc/trials/plasmamatch/), [postMONARCH](https://onco.cc/trials/postmonarch/), [PRIME II](https://onco.cc/trials/prime-ii/), [RADCOMP](https://onco.cc/trials/radcomp/), [RO7771950 Versus Tucatinib in Combination With Trastuzumab and Capecitabine in People With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer That is Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-Positive](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07413939/), [RxPONDER (SWOG S1007)](https://onco.cc/trials/rxponder/), [SABR-COMET: stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for oligometastatic cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/sabr-comet/), [Safety and Efficacy of SPH4336 in Combination With Endocrine Therapy in the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05860465/), [Saruparib (AZD5305) Plus Camizestrant or Plus Endocrine Therapy, Compared With CDK4/6 Inhibitor Plus Endocrine Therapy or Plus Camizestrant in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative (IHC 0, 1+, 2+/ ISH Non-amplified), BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2m Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06380751/), [ScreenTrustCAD](https://onco.cc/trials/screentrustcad/), [SERENA-6](https://onco.cc/trials/serena-6/), [Single-injection depot progesterone before breast surgery (Tata Memorial)](https://onco.cc/trials/progesterone-preop-tmh/), [SOFT & TEXT](https://onco.cc/trials/soft-text/), [SOLAR-1](https://onco.cc/trials/solar-1/), [START-B (UK Standardisation of Breast Radiotherapy)](https://onco.cc/trials/start-b/), [Study BT8009-100 in Subjects With Nectin-4 Expressing Advanced Malignancies](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04561362/), [Study of BEBT-209 in Combination With Fulvestrant Versus Placebo in Combination With Fulvestrant in Patients With HR+/HER2- Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Have Progressed After Prior Endocrine Therapy](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06998108/), [Study of Oral MRT-2359 in Selected Cancer Patients](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05546268/), [Study of Patritumab Deruxtecan Plus Pembrolizumab With Other Anticancer Agents in Participants With High-Risk Early-Stage Triple-Negative or Hormone Receptor-Low Positive/HER-2 Negative Breast Cancer (MK-1022-010, HERTHENA-Breast-03)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06797635/), [Study of Pembrolizumab (MK-3475) Versus Placebo in Combination With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy & Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in the Treatment of Early-Stage Estrogen Receptor-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative (ER+/HER2-) Breast Cancer (MK-3475-756/KEYNOTE-756)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct03725059/), [Study of PF-07220060 With Letrozole in Adults With HR-positive HER2-negative Breast Cancer Who Have Not Received Anticancer Treatment for Advanced/Metastatic Disease](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06760637/), [Study of Sacituzumab Govitecan Versus Treatment of Physician's Choice in Patients With Hormone Receptor-positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Negative (HR+/HER2-) Metastatic Breast Cancer Who Have Received Endocrine Therapy](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05840211/), [Study of TYK-00540 Tablets in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06950086/), [Study to Assess GTAEXS617 in Participants With Advanced Solid Tumors](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05985655/), [Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Alpelisib Plus Fulvestrant in Participants With HR-positive (HR+), HER2-negative, Advanced Breast Cancer After Treatment With a CDK4/6 Inhibitor and an Aromatase Inhibitor.](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05038735/), [TAILORx](https://onco.cc/trials/tailorx/), [TMIST (Tomosynthesis Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial)](https://onco.cc/trials/tmist/), [To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Disitamab Vedotin Combined With Toripalimab Sequential Chemotherapy as Neoadjuvant Treatment in Patients With HR-positive, HER2-low Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06389006/), [To Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of TQB3616 in Combination With Fulvestrant Versus Placebo in Combination With Fulvestrant in Previously Untreated Hormone-receptor (HR)-Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05365178/), [Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (T-DXd) in Patients Who Have Hormone Receptor-negative and Hormone Receptor-positive HER2-low or HER2 IHC 0 Metastatic Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05950945/), [Trial of 225Ac-DOTATATE (RYZ101) in Subjects With ER+, HER2-negative Unresectable or Metastatic Breast Cancer Expressing SSTRs.](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06590857/), [TROPiCS-02](https://onco.cc/trials/tropics-02/), [TROPION-Breast01](https://onco.cc/trials/tropion-breast01/), [VERITAC-2](https://onco.cc/trials/veritac-2/), [WHEL (Women's Healthy Eating and Living)](https://onco.cc/trials/whel/), [YL202 Versus Treatment of Physician's Choice in Patients With HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07461454/)
- people: [A. Murray Brunt](https://onco.cc/people/murray-brunt/), [Aditya Bardia](https://onco.cc/people/aditya-bardia/), [Aleix Prat](https://onco.cc/people/aleix-prat/), [André Ilbawi](https://onco.cc/people/ilbawi-andre/), [Angela DeMichele](https://onco.cc/people/angela-demichele/), [Ann H. Partridge](https://onco.cc/people/ann-partridge/), [Anna Sapino](https://onco.cc/people/anna-sapino/), [Anthony Gonçalves](https://onco.cc/people/anthony-goncalves/), [Armando E. Giuliano](https://onco.cc/people/armando-giuliano/), [Artur Katz](https://onco.cc/people/katz-artur/), [Bernard Fisher](https://onco.cc/people/bernard-fisher/), [Binghe Xu](https://onco.cc/people/xu-binghe/), [Carlos Barrios](https://onco.cc/people/barrios-carlos/), [Carlos Caldas](https://onco.cc/people/carlos-caldas/), [Charles E. Geyer Jr.](https://onco.cc/people/charles-geyer/), [Charles M. Perou](https://onco.cc/people/charles-perou/), [Charlotte E. Coles](https://onco.cc/people/charlotte-coles/), [Christian Singer](https://onco.cc/people/christian-singer/), [Christina Curtis](https://onco.cc/people/christina-curtis/), [Clifford A. Hudis](https://onco.cc/people/clifford-hudis/), [Constance D. Lehman](https://onco.cc/people/constance-lehman/), [Dawn L. Hershman](https://onco.cc/people/dawn-hershman/), [Debu Tripathy](https://onco.cc/people/debu-tripathy/), [Dennis J. Slamon](https://onco.cc/people/dennis-slamon/), [Derrick S. Haslem](https://onco.cc/people/derrick-haslem/), [Donna McKay](https://onco.cc/people/donna-mckay/), [Dorraya El-Ashry](https://onco.cc/people/dorraya-el-ashry/), [Eleftherios P. Mamounas](https://onco.cc/people/eleftherios-mamounas/), [Eva Ciruelos](https://onco.cc/people/eva-ciruelos/), [Fabrice André](https://onco.cc/people/fabrice-andre/), [François-Clément Bidard](https://onco.cc/people/francois-clement-bidard/), [Gabriel N. Hortobagyi](https://onco.cc/people/gabriel-hortobagyi/), [Giuseppe Curigliano](https://onco.cc/people/giuseppe-curigliano/), [Hatem Soliman](https://onco.cc/people/hatem-soliman/), [Hope S. Rugo](https://onco.cc/people/hope-rugo/), [Isabel T. Rubio](https://onco.cc/people/isabel-rubio/), [Jack Cuzick](https://onco.cc/people/jack-cuzick/), [Jame Abraham](https://onco.cc/people/jame-abraham/), [Jason Carroll](https://onco.cc/people/jason-carroll/), [Jennifer K. Litton](https://onco.cc/people/jennifer-litton/), [Jonas Bergh](https://onco.cc/people/jonas-bergh/), [Joohyuk Sohn](https://onco.cc/people/sohn-joohyuk/), [José Baselga](https://onco.cc/people/jose-baselga/), [Joseph A. Sparano](https://onco.cc/people/joseph-sparano/), [Judith M. Bliss](https://onco.cc/people/judith-bliss/), [Judy E. Garber](https://onco.cc/people/judy-garber/), [Kan Yonemori](https://onco.cc/people/yonemori-kan/), [Kathy S. Albain](https://onco.cc/people/kathy-albain/), [Kerry S. Courneya](https://onco.cc/people/kerry-courneya/), [Kevin Kalinsky](https://onco.cc/people/kevin-kalinsky/), [Komal Jhaveri](https://onco.cc/people/komal-jhaveri/), [Kristina Lång](https://onco.cc/people/kristina-lang/), [Laura J. Esserman](https://onco.cc/people/laura-esserman/), [Leif W. Ellisen](https://onco.cc/people/leif-ellisen/), [Lori J. Pierce](https://onco.cc/people/lori-pierce/), [Mafalda Oliveira](https://onco.cc/people/mafalda-oliveira/), [Marek Svoboda](https://onco.cc/people/marek-svoboda/), [Mariana Chavez-MacGregor](https://onco.cc/people/mariana-chavez-macgregor/), [Massimo Cristofanilli](https://onco.cc/people/massimo-cristofanilli/), [Matthew P. Goetz](https://onco.cc/people/matthew-goetz/), [Max S. Wicha](https://onco.cc/people/max-wicha/), [Michael Gnant](https://onco.cc/people/michael-gnant/), [Miguel Martín](https://onco.cc/people/miguel-martin/), [Mitch Dowsett](https://onco.cc/people/mitch-dowsett/), [Mitchell D. Schnall](https://onco.cc/people/mitchell-schnall/), [Monica Morrow](https://onco.cc/people/monica-morrow/), [Nadia Harbeck](https://onco.cc/people/nadia-harbeck/), [Nicholas Turner](https://onco.cc/people/nicholas-turner/), [Norman Wolmark](https://onco.cc/people/norman-wolmark/), [Paolo Veronesi](https://onco.cc/people/paolo-veronesi/), [Priya Rastogi](https://onco.cc/people/priya-rastogi/), [Prudence A. Francis](https://onco.cc/people/prudence-francis/), [Rajendra Badwe](https://onco.cc/people/badwe-rajendra/), [Ramon E. Parsons](https://onco.cc/people/ramon-parsons/), [Rebecca Dent](https://onco.cc/people/rebecca-dent/), [Regina Barzilay](https://onco.cc/people/regina-barzilay/), [René Bernards](https://onco.cc/people/rene-bernards/), [Richard Gray](https://onco.cc/people/richard-gray/), [Richard S. Finn](https://onco.cc/people/richard-finn/), [Rita Schmutzler](https://onco.cc/people/rita-schmutzler/), [Sandra Demaria](https://onco.cc/people/sandra-demaria/), [Sara A. Hurvitz](https://onco.cc/people/sara-hurvitz/), [Sara M. Tolaney](https://onco.cc/people/sara-tolaney/), [Sara Y. Brucker](https://onco.cc/people/sara-brucker/), [Sarah-Jane Dawson](https://onco.cc/people/dawson-sarah-jane/), [Senthil K. Muthuswamy](https://onco.cc/people/senthil-muthuswamy/), [Seock-Ah Im](https://onco.cc/people/im-seock-ah/), [Serena Nik-Zainal](https://onco.cc/people/serena-nik-zainal/), [Shanu Modi](https://onco.cc/people/shanu-modi/), [Sherene Loi](https://onco.cc/people/loi-sherene/), [Shinji Ohno](https://onco.cc/people/ohno-shinji/), [Sir Richard Peto](https://onco.cc/people/richard-peto/), [Stephen Johnston](https://onco.cc/people/stephen-johnston/), [Sudeep Gupta](https://onco.cc/people/gupta-sudeep/), [Sunil Lakhani](https://onco.cc/people/sunil-lakhani/), [Susan Clark](https://onco.cc/people/susan-clark/), [Susan M. Domchek](https://onco.cc/people/susan-domchek/), [Suzette Delaloge](https://onco.cc/people/suzette-delaloge/), [Takayuki Ueno](https://onco.cc/people/ueno-takayuki/), [Tari A. King](https://onco.cc/people/tari-king/), [Thomas Bachelot](https://onco.cc/people/thomas-bachelot/), [Timothy J. Eberlein](https://onco.cc/people/timothy-eberlein/), [Timothy J. Whelan](https://onco.cc/people/timothy-whelan/), [Vinod Raina](https://onco.cc/people/raina-vinod/), [Wendy Parulekar](https://onco.cc/people/parulekar-wendy/), [Xichun Hu](https://onco.cc/people/hu-xichun/), [Yeon Hee Park](https://onco.cc/people/park-yeon-hee/)
- key papers: [Adjuvant Capecitabine for Breast Cancer after Preoperative Chemotherapy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-create-x-adjuvant-capecitabine-nejm-2017/), [Al-Hajj 2003: prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-al-hajj-breast-cancer-stem-cells-pnas-2003/), [Alcohol caused an estimated 741,000 cancers worldwide in 2020](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-alcohol-cancer-burden-lancet-oncol-2021/), [Allemani 2018: CONCORD-3, global surveillance of cancer survival 2000 to 2014](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-allemani-concord-3-lancet-2018/), [American Society of Clinical Oncology/College Of American Pathologists guideline recommendations for immunohistochemical testing of estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-asco-cap-er-pr-testing-guideline-jco-2010/), [Artificial intelligence for breast cancer detection in screening mammography in Sweden: a prospective, population-based, paired-reader, non-inferiority study (ScreenTrustCAD)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-screentrustcad-dembrower-lancet-digit-health-2023/), [Biomarkers for Systemic Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-asco-biomarkers-metastatic-breast-cancer-guideline-jco-2022/), [Bray 2018: GLOBOCAN 2018, worldwide incidence and mortality for 36 cancers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bray-globocan-2018-cacancer-2018/), [Bray 2024: GLOBOCAN 2022, the world's cancer count for 36 cancers in 185 countries](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bray-globocan-2022-cacancer-2024/), [Breast Cancer, Version 4.2026, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nccn-breast-cancer-v4-2026-jnccn-2026/), [Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report from National Cancer Registry Programme, India](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mathur-ncrp-cancer-statistics-2020/), [Clinical, pathological, and PAM50 gene expression features of HER2-low breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-schettini-her2-low-features-npj-breast-cancer-2021/), [Comparisons between different polychemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer: meta-analyses of long-term outcome among 100,000 women in 123 randomised trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ebctcg-polychemotherapy-regimens-meta-analysis-lancet-2012/), [DESTINY-Breast04: trastuzumab deruxtecan works in HER2-low breast cancer, creating a new treatable group](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-destiny-breast04-nejm-2022/), [DESTINY-Breast06: trastuzumab deruxtecan before any chemotherapy in hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-low or ultralow breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-destiny-breast06-nejm-2024/), [Early breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-esmo-early-breast-cancer-guideline-ann-oncol-2024/), [ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for the diagnosis, staging and treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-esmo-metastatic-breast-cancer-guideline-ann-oncol-2021/), [Ethnicity and outcome of young breast cancer patients in the United Kingdom: the POSH study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-copson-posh-ethnicity-young-breast-cancer-uk-bjc-2014/), [Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sorlie-breast-carcinoma-subclasses-pnas-2001/), [Genomic characterization of metastatic breast cancers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bertucci-metastatic-breast-genomics-nature-2019/), [IARC verdict: excess body fat causes 13 cancers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-body-fatness-iarc-nejm-2016/), [IBIS-I: five years of tamoxifen keeps preventing breast cancer for at least 20 years](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ibis-i-tamoxifen-lancet-oncol-2015/), [Jemal 2011: Global cancer statistics (GLOBOCAN 2008)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-jemal-global-cancer-statistics-2011-cacancer/), [Long-Term Prognostic Risk After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Associated With Residual Cancer Burden and Breast Cancer Subtype](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-symmans-rcb-long-term-prognosis-subtype-jco-2017/), [Management of Hereditary Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology Guideline](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-asco-hereditary-breast-cancer-guideline-jco-2020/), [Mani 2008: the epithelial-mesenchymal transition generates cells with properties of stem cells](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mani-emt-stem-cell-properties-cell-2008/), [MASAI: AI-supported mammography screening finds more cancers with half the radiologist workload](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-masai-lancet-oncol-2023/), [Molecular portraits of human breast tumours](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-perou-molecular-portraits-breast-tumours-nature-2000/), [monarchE: two years of abemaciclib after surgery in high-risk, hormone-receptor-positive early breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-monarche-jco-2020/), [NATALEE: three years of ribociclib after surgery in a broad population of hormone-receptor-positive early breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-natalee-nejm-2024/), [OlympiA: a year of olaparib after surgery for BRCA-mutated, high-risk early breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-olympia-nejm-2021/), [Overall survival in the OlympiA phase III trial of adjuvant olaparib in patients with germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 and high-risk, early breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-olympia-overall-survival-ann-oncol-2022/), [Parkin 2005: Global cancer statistics, 2002](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-parkin-global-cancer-statistics-2002-cacancer-2005/), [PREDIMED: a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and fewer breast cancers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-predimed-breast-jama-im-2015/), [PROSE consortium: preventive surgery lowers cancer and death in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-brca-risk-reducing-surgery-jama-2010/), [Residual cancer burden after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and long-term survival outcomes in breast cancer: a multicentre pooled analysis of 5161 patients](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-yau-rcb-pooled-analysis-5161-lancet-oncol-2022/), [SCALP: scalp cooling to prevent hair loss during chemotherapy for early breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-scalp-trial-jama-2017/), [Siegel 2024: Cancer statistics, 2024, the American Cancer Society's annual US report](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-siegel-cancer-statistics-2024-cacancer-2024/), [Single-injection depot progesterone before surgery and survival in operable breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-badwe-progesterone-jco-2011/), [Sung 2021: GLOBOCAN 2020, the year breast cancer overtook lung cancer as the most diagnosed cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sung-globocan-2020-cacancer-2021/), [Sustained benefit of adjuvant olaparib in women with germline BRCA1- and BRCA2-associated high-risk HER2-negative early breast cancer: updated results from the OlympiA phase III trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-olympia-6-year-update-ann-oncol-2026/), [Tailoring treatment to cancer risk and patient preference: the 2025 St Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus Statement on individualizing therapy for patients with early breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-st-gallen-2025-consensus-ann-oncol-2025/), [Torre 2015: Global cancer statistics, 2012](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-torre-global-cancer-statistics-2012-cacancer-2015/), [TROPION-Breast01 China cohort: datopotamab deruxtecan versus chemotherapy in previously treated HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-tropion-breast01-china-cohort-esmo-open-2026/), [TROPION-Breast01: datopotamab deruxtecan versus chemotherapy in pretreated hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer, and why a PFS win did not translate to survival](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-tropion-breast01-jco-2024/), [Understanding breast cancer complexity to improve patient outcomes: The St Gallen International Consensus Conference for the Primary Therapy of Individuals with Early Breast Cancer 2023](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-st-gallen-2023-consensus-ann-oncol-2023/), [US incidence of breast cancer subtypes defined by joint hormone receptor and HER2 status](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-howlader-us-incidence-breast-subtypes-jnci-2014/), [Use of alternative medicine for cancer and its impact on survival](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-johnson-alternative-medicine-jnci-2018/)
- journals: [Breast cancer](https://onco.cc/journals/breast-cancer-jbcs/), [Breast cancer research](https://onco.cc/journals/breast-cancer-research/), [Breast cancer research and treatment](https://onco.cc/journals/breast-cancer-research-and-treatment/), [Clinical breast cancer](https://onco.cc/journals/clinical-breast-cancer/), [Endocrine-related cancer](https://onco.cc/journals/endocrine-related-cancer/), [Journal of breast imaging](https://onco.cc/journals/journal-of-breast-imaging/), [Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia](https://onco.cc/journals/journal-of-mammary-gland-biology-and-neoplasia/), [The Breast](https://onco.cc/journals/the-breast/), [The breast journal](https://onco.cc/journals/the-breast-journal/)
- ideas: [A blood test for the pre-metastatic niche](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-premetastatic-niche-assay/), [A dose-finding trial for exercise after cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-nl-exercise-dose-finding/), [A Global Fund for cancer care in low- and middle-income countries](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-global-cancer-fund/), [A pragmatic trial network for intraoperative margin tools, paid on margin reduction](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-intraoperative-imaging-trials/), [A prevention programme for chemotherapy nerve damage: SARM1 inhibitors, cooling and compression](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-neuropathy-prevention-programme/), [A public fund and label pathway to trial generic drugs against cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-generics-for-cancer-fund/), [A regulatory endpoint for drugs that block spread, not tumours](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-antimetastatic-endpoint/), [A short pre-surgery drug window as the default early test of new agents](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-tr1-window-of-opportunity-default/), [A survivorship research endowment funded by a levy on curative therapy prices](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-survivorship-endowment-levy/), [After the COMET trial: surveillance pathways and a new name for low-risk DCIS](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-low-risk-dcis-surveillance-pathway/), [AI quantification of HER2-low and HER2-ultralow](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-ai-her2-low-scoring/), [AI-first reading for high-volume common cancer diagnoses, pathologist for the exceptions](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-ai-first-pathology-common-cases/), [Alpha radioligands after ADC failure](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-alpha-after-adc/), [Blended finance and a low-cost linac to close the global radiotherapy gap](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-lmic-radiotherapy-finance/), [Block the recycling that keeps dormant cells alive](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-autophagy-block-mrd/), [Blunt the inflammation that wakes sleeping cancer cells](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-il1-awakening-blockade/), [Cancer warnings on alcohol labels, evaluated as a natural experiment](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-alcohol-cancer-warning-labels/), [Cardiometabolic screening and treatment for survivors on long-term hormone therapy](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-cardiometabolic-clinic-hormone-therapy/), [CDK4-selective inhibitors as the new first-line backbone](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-cdk4-selective-first-line/), [Certified decision aids required for every preference-sensitive cancer decision](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-certified-decision-aids/), [Cheap perioperative beta-blocker plus anti-inflammatory to blunt surgical stress](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-perioperative-betablocker-nsaid/), [Circulating tumour cell clearance as the phase 2 gate for anti-metastatic drugs](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-ctc-clearance-go-nogo/), [Community health workers trained in cancer triage, navigation and home palliative care](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-community-health-workers-oncology/), [Confirm or refute the harm of antioxidant supplements during chemotherapy](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-nl-antioxidant-supplement-harm-confirmation/), [Decision aids built into the record for every preference-sensitive cancer choice](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-embedded-decision-aids/), [Dose chemotherapy by muscle mass, not body surface area](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-lean-mass-dosing/), [Dual-payload ADCs in first line to prevent resistance](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-dual-payload-first/), [Eradicate dormant cancer cells: a programme to wake and kill or lock asleep disseminated cells](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-dormancy-eradication-programme/), [Evaluate alcohol minimum unit pricing against cancer incidence](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-nl-alcohol-minimum-pricing-cancer-endpoints/), [Flush dormant cells out of bone marrow, then kill them](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-cxcr4-mobilise-then-kill/), [Fund trials that test shorter courses of the most expensive adjuvant drugs](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-cost-shorter-course-trials/), [GLP-1 receptor agonists as adjuvant weight-loss therapy in HR-positive breast cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-nl-glp1-adjuvant-hr-breast/), [Hormone tablets instead of surgery for small breast cancers in the frail over-80s](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-frail-elderly-primary-endocrine-breast/), [Intercepting late recurrence with ctDNA surveillance and oral SERDs](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-late-recurrence-interception/), [Keep dormant cells asleep instead of trying to kill them](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-pro-dormancy-therapy/), [Keep them asleep: dormancy maintenance as adjuvant therapy](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-dormancy-maintenance-therapy/), [Look for the resistant sub-population before the first dose](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-baseline-ultradeep-resistant-clones/), [Low-dose tamoxifen for high-risk women, prescribed by pharmacists and nurses](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-low-dose-tamoxifen-uptake/), [Make one-week radiotherapy the default in overloaded systems](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-hypofractionation-default-lmic/), [Make skipping radiotherapy the default for very low-risk breast cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-omit-radiotherapy-low-risk-breast-default/), [Mobile diagnostic units that biopsy, scan and treat on the same visit](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-mobile-see-and-treat-units/), [Molecular indolence classifiers bundled with every screening programme](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-indolence-classifiers-with-screening/), [Molecular-progression switching beyond ESR1](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-ctdna-switch-generalised/), [Multi-arm, multi-stage trials to answer which order to give approved drugs](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-tr1-mams-for-sequencing-questions/), [Nurse-led chemotherapy day units with a doctor on a screen](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-nurse-led-chemotherapy-units/), [Oncology teams order germline tests; tele-genetic counsellors handle the results](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-mainstream-tele-genetic-counselling/), [One-stop breast clinics: imaging, biopsy and a preliminary answer in a single visit](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-one-stop-breast-diagnostic-clinic/), [Patient-derived organoids to pick ADC payloads](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-organoid-guided-adc/), [Pay for a course of radiotherapy, not for each fraction](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-cost-hypofractionation-payment/), [Pay for supervised exercise the way we pay for drugs](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-exercise-reimbursement/), [Pay per course of radiotherapy, not per session, so short courses are not penalised](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-course-based-radiotherapy-payment/), [Payer-funded trials that omit surgery or radiotherapy in low-risk patients](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-omission-deescalation-trials/), [Payload-class switching as the rule for ADC sequencing](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-payload-switching/), [Perioperative beta-blocker plus COX-2 inhibitor to reduce metastasis after surgery](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-reg-perioperative-propranolol-etodolac/), [Pooled coverage-with-evidence for proton therapy across all centres](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-proton-coverage-with-evidence/), [Population germline screening for hereditary cancer genes with cascade testing](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-population-germline-screening/), [Pre-consented cohorts that can be randomised to future trials (TwiCs)](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-tr1-pre-consented-cohort-randomisation/), [Prospective arm-volume surveillance to catch and reverse lymphoedema early](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-lymphoedema-prospective-surveillance/), [Public country dashboards for the three WHO breast cancer targets](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-gbci-country-dashboards/), [Re-test the metastasis, not the old primary, before every change of treatment](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-rebiopsy-before-switch/), [Real-time margin assessment and image-guided surgery as the global standard](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-image-guided-surgery-everywhere/), [Registry-embedded randomisation of treatment order in routine care](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-tr2-pragmatic-sequence-randomisation/), [Risk-stratified follow-up: low-risk survivors to primary care with fast re-entry](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-risk-stratified-follow-up/), [Roll out AI-supported mammography nationally as a stepped-wedge trial](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-mammography-ai-stepped-wedge/), [Rotate between drugs on a fixed schedule instead of waiting for failure](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-alternating-schedules/), [Sequential multiple-assignment randomised trials to find the best order of ADCs](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-tr2-smart-sequencing-adc/), [Set each woman's mammogram interval from her last mammogram, using AI risk](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-ai-mammogram-risk-intervals/), [Sexual health assessed and treated as a standard toxicity domain](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-sexual-health-as-toxicity-domain/), [Soften the tissue that new metastases need in order to grow](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-matrix-stiffness-prevention/), [Strip the platelet coat off travelling tumour cells in ctDNA-positive patients](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-platelet-cloak-aspirin-mrd/), [Structured mentorship so district general surgeons perform common cancer operations safely](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-district-surgeon-oncology-mentorship/), [Tailored screening for second cancers in survivors with known high-risk exposures](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-acc-tailored-second-cancer-screening/), [Take the blood test, and give the drug, at the right time of day](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-circadian-mrd-sampling/), [Time immunotherapy to the moment targeted drugs make tumours visible](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-immunopeptidome-timing/), [Treat insomnia in survivors and measure whether the cancer notices](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-nl-sleep-circadian-survivorship-rct/), [Use a polygenic risk score to set when screening starts](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-prs-screening-start-age/), [Use LET, RBE and alpha/beta to decide when protons beat IMRT](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-let-rbe-ab-selects-protons/), [Use residual disease tests to decide who needs ten years of hormone therapy](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-mrd-guided-endocrine-duration/), [What decides which disseminated cells ever colonise?](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-dtc-colonisation-determinants/), [When the blood test is positive, hunt for the lesion with sensitive imaging](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-localise-the-mrd/)
- institutions: [A.C. Camargo Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/ac-camargo/), [Aarhus University Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/aarhus-university-hospital/), [Aichi Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/aichi-cancer-center/), [Apollo Hospitals (Apollo Cancer Centres)](https://onco.cc/institutions/apollo-hospitals/), [Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/karmanos/), [BC Cancer](https://onco.cc/institutions/bc-cancer/), [Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre / CRUK Scotland Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/beatson-glasgow/), [Breast Cancer Research Foundation](https://onco.cc/institutions/bcrf/), [Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence](https://onco.cc/institutions/butaro-cancer-center/), [Cancer Care Alberta (Alberta Health Services)](https://onco.cc/institutions/cancer-care-alberta/), [Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar](https://onco.cc/institutions/cancer-institute-adyar/), [Cancer Institute of Iran, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex](https://onco.cc/institutions/tehran-cancer-institute/), [Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre / CRUK Cambridge Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/cruk-cambridge-centre/), [Centre Antoine Lacassagne](https://onco.cc/institutions/centre-antoine-lacassagne/), [Centre Léon Bérard](https://onco.cc/institutions/centre-leon-berard/), [Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO)](https://onco.cc/institutions/cnio/), [Champalimaud Foundation, Champalimaud Clinical Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/champalimaud/), [Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital / University of the Witwatersrand](https://onco.cc/institutions/wits-charlotte-maxeke/), [Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi](https://onco.cc/institutions/cleveland-clinic-abu-dhabi/), [Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna / AKH](https://onco.cc/institutions/ccc-vienna/), [Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine](https://onco.cc/institutions/baylor-duncan/), [Dharmais National Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/dharmais-cancer-hospital/), [E.O. Ospedali Galliera](https://onco.cc/institutions/ospedali-galliera/), [Edinburgh Cancer Centre / CRUK Scotland Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/edinburgh-cancer-centre/), [Fundación Arturo López Pérez](https://onco.cc/institutions/falp-chile/), [Garvan Institute of Medical Research / Kinghorn Cancer Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/garvan-institute/), [Geneva University Hospitals (HUG)](https://onco.cc/institutions/hug-geneva/), [Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/georgetown-lombardi/), [Groote Schuur Hospital / University of Cape Town](https://onco.cc/institutions/groote-schuur-uct/), [Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust / King's Health Partners Cancer Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/guys-st-thomas/), [Hacettepe University Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/hacettepe-cancer-institute/), [Hadassah Medical Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/hadassah/), [Hamad Medical Corporation / National Center for Cancer Care and Research](https://onco.cc/institutions/hamad-medical-corporation/), [Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern](https://onco.cc/institutions/utsw-simmons/), [HealthCare Global Enterprises](https://onco.cc/institutions/hcg/), [Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University](https://onco.cc/institutions/columbia-hicc/), [Ho Chi Minh City Oncology Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/hcmc-oncology-hospital/), [Hospital Clínic de Barcelona / IDIBAPS](https://onco.cc/institutions/hospital-clinic-barcelona/), [Hospital de Amor (Barretos Cancer Hospital)](https://onco.cc/institutions/hospital-de-amor-barretos/), [Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre](https://onco.cc/institutions/hcpa-porto-alegre/), [Hospital del Mar / Hospital del Mar Research Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/hospital-del-mar/), [Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón](https://onco.cc/institutions/gregorio-maranon/), [Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe](https://onco.cc/institutions/la-fe-valencia/), [HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/helsinki-hus/), [INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute / Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia](https://onco.cc/institutions/incliva-valencia/), [Institut Bergonié](https://onco.cc/institutions/institut-bergonie/), [Institut Jules Bordet](https://onco.cc/institutions/institut-jules-bordet/), [Institut National d'Oncologie, Rabat](https://onco.cc/institutions/institut-national-oncologie-rabat/), [Institut Paoli-Calmettes](https://onco.cc/institutions/institut-paoli-calmettes/), [Institut Salah Azaïez](https://onco.cc/institutions/institut-salah-azaiez/), [Institute of Oncology Ljubljana](https://onco.cc/institutions/onkoloski-institut-ljubljana/), [Instituto Alexander Fleming](https://onco.cc/institutions/instituto-alexander-fleming/), [Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA)](https://onco.cc/institutions/inca-brazil/), [Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (Colombia)](https://onco.cc/institutions/inc-colombia/), [Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (Mexico)](https://onco.cc/institutions/incan-mexico/), [Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas](https://onco.cc/institutions/inen-peru/), [Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil](https://onco.cc/institutions/ipo-lisboa/), [Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto Francisco Gentil](https://onco.cc/institutions/ipo-porto/), [IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/regina-elena-rome/), [Istanbul University Institute of Oncology](https://onco.cc/institutions/istanbul-oncology-institute/), [Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS](https://onco.cc/institutions/iov-veneto/), [Juravinski Cancer Centre / Escarpment Cancer Research Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/juravinski/), [Kaiser Permanente Division of Research](https://onco.cc/institutions/kaiser-permanente-research/), [Kenyatta National Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/kenyatta-national-hospital/), [Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology](https://onco.cc/institutions/kidwai-memorial-institute-of-oncology/), [King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/kfshrc/), [King Hussein Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/khcc/), [Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/koo-foundation-sun-yat-sen-cancer-center/), [Korle Bu Teaching Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/korle-bu-teaching-hospital/), [Lagos University Teaching Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/luth-lagos/), [Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology](https://onco.cc/institutions/nio-warsaw/), [Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/mou-brno/), [Max Healthcare (Max Institute of Cancer Care)](https://onco.cc/institutions/max-healthcare/), [Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio](https://onco.cc/institutions/mays-cancer-center/), [Montefiore Einstein Comprehensive Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/montefiore-einstein/), [Narayana Health (Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre)](https://onco.cc/institutions/narayana-health/), [National Cancer Institute, Cairo University](https://onco.cc/institutions/nci-cairo/), [National Cancer Registry Programme (ICMR-NINE, Bengaluru)](https://onco.cc/institutions/icmr-ncrp/), [National Institute of Oncology, Hungary](https://onco.cc/institutions/noi-budapest/), [National University Hospital / National University Cancer Institute, Singapore](https://onco.cc/institutions/nuh-ncis/), [Ocean Road Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/ocean-road-cancer-institute/), [Philippine General Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/philippine-general-hospital/), [QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/qimr-berghofer/), [Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/rgci/), [Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University](https://onco.cc/institutions/ramathibodi-hospital/), [Rambam Health Care Campus](https://onco.cc/institutions/rambam/), [Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University](https://onco.cc/institutions/northwestern-lurie/), [Royal Adelaide Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/royal-adelaide-hospital/), [Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine](https://onco.cc/institutions/weill-cornell-meyer-cancer-center/), [Shaare Zedek Medical Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/shaare-zedek/), [Sheba Medical Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/sheba/), [Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University](https://onco.cc/institutions/siriraj-hospital/), [Skåne University Hospital / Lund University Cancer Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/lund-skane/), [Society of Surgical Oncology](https://onco.cc/institutions/sso/), [Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/sunnybrook-odette/), [Tata Medical Center, Kolkata](https://onco.cc/institutions/tata-medical-center-kolkata/), [Tawam Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/tawam-hospital/), [Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/tel-aviv-sourasky/), [The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre / Ottawa Hospital Research Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/ottawa-hospital/), [Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/tmucih/), [Tohoku University Hospital](https://onco.cc/institutions/tohoku-university-hospital/), [Uganda Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/uganda-cancer-institute/), [UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/unc-lineberger/), [University Hospital Basel / Tumour Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/usb-basel/), [University of Malaya Medical Centre](https://onco.cc/institutions/ummc-kuala-lumpur/), [University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/maryland-greenebaum/), [UPMC Hillman Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/upmc-hillman/), [Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research](https://onco.cc/institutions/wehi/), [Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University](https://onco.cc/institutions/emory-winship/), [World Health Organization Cancer Programme](https://onco.cc/institutions/who/)
- bottlenecks: [Acquired resistance to every therapy](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-resistance/), [AI that is built but not validated or deployed](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-ai-validation/), [Biomarkers are not validated or standardised](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-biomarker-validation/), [Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-tme-immunosuppression/), [Dormant cells and minimal residual disease](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-dormancy-mrd/), [Inherited risk is mostly unidentified](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-hereditary-risk/), [Metastasis is understood least and studied last](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-metastasis-biology/), [Misinformation and unproven therapies](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-misinformation/), [No incentive to repurpose cheap drugs](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-generic-repurposing/), [Overdiagnosis and false alarms](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-overdiagnosis/), [Survivorship and late effects are neglected](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-survivorship/), [Trial design, endpoints and cost](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-trial-design/), [Tumour heterogeneity and clonal evolution](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-tumor-heterogeneity/), [Wrong doses](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-dose-optimisation/)
- collections: [Living Beyond Breast Cancer](https://onco.cc/collections/src-lbbc/), [Susan G. Komen](https://onco.cc/collections/susan-g-komen/)
- biomarkers: [AKT1 E17K mutation](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/akt1-e17k/), [ER status (oestrogen receptor by IHC)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/er-status/), [ESR1 mutation (ligand-binding domain, usually in ctDNA)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/esr1-mutation-ctdna/), [Germline BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant (gBRCAm)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/brca-germline/), [HER2 IHC 0 (HER2-negative, including ultralow)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/her2-ihc-0/), [HER2 IHC 1+](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/her2-ihc-1-plus/), [HER2-low (IHC 1+ or IHC 2+/ISH-negative)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/her2-low-ihc/), [HER2-ultralow (IHC 0 with membrane staining)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/her2-ultralow/), [Ki-67 index (proliferation by IHC)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/ki-67-index/), [PIK3CA mutation](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/pik3ca-hotspot-mutation/), [PR status (progesterone receptor by IHC)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/pr-status/), [PTEN alteration (sequencing) and PTEN loss (IHC)](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/pten-alteration/), [TROP2 expression](https://onco.cc/biomarkers/trop2-expression/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/breast-hr-positive.json