# CSF1

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/csf1/  
OnCo record `csf1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

CSF1 (Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1) is a gene. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Tenosynovial giant cell tumour.

## Summary

Cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of haematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes. Promotes the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of bone resorption, and is required for normal bone development.

CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Pexidartinib. In OnCo, 3 product records name it (Vimseltinib, Pexidartinib and Surufatinib).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: colony stimulating factor 1; Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1; M-CSF; MGC31930
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: CSF1
- Class: other
- Biology: Cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of haematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes. Promotes the release of pro-inflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of bone resorption, and is required for normal bone development. Required for normal male and female fertility. Promotes reorganisation of the actin cytoskeleton, regulates formation of membrane ruffles, cell adhesion and cell migration. Plays a role in lipoprotein clearance. Location: Cell membrane; Secreted, extracellular space (UniProt). Locus 1p13.3 (HGNC).
- Where found: Tenosynovial giant cell tumour: CIViC evidence names this disease

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "approved-drug" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:2432: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:2432
- UniProt P09603: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P09603/entry
- NCBI Gene 1435: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1435
- Ensembl ENSG00000184371: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000184371

## Connected records

- collections: [CIViC](https://onco.cc/collections/civic/)
- cancers: [Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT)](https://onco.cc/cancers/tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumour/)
- drugs: [Pexidartinib](https://onco.cc/drugs/pexidartinib/), [Surufatinib](https://onco.cc/drugs/surufatinib/), [Vimseltinib](https://onco.cc/drugs/vimseltinib/)
- pathways: [Myeloid suppression: TAMs, MDSCs & don't-eat-me signals](https://onco.cc/pathways/myeloid-suppression-axis/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/csf1.json