# GRM3

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/grm3/  
OnCo record `grm3` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

GRM3 (Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver and a tumour suppressor, and it is called a cancer driver by mutation analysis of patient cohorts. Tied to Renal cell carcinoma, Oesophageal cancer, Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 2 more.

## Summary

G protein-coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signalling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signalling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity.

IntOGen calls it a driver in 3 cohorts (1 activating, 2 loss-of-function), covering Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma, Melanoma.

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: glutamate metabotropic receptor 3; Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3; GPRC1C; mGlu3; MGLUR3
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: GRM3
- Class: tumor-suppressor
- Biology: G protein-coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signalling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signalling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. Location: Cell membrane (UniProt). Locus 7q21.11-q21.12 (HGNC).
- Where found: Renal cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (CHRCC); Oesophageal cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (ESCA); Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (CHRCC); Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (ESCA); Melanoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (MEL)

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 1 cohort; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 2 cohorts. Evidence tier "cohort-driver" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:4595: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4595
- UniProt Q14832: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q14832/entry
- NCBI Gene 2913: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2913
- Ensembl ENSG00000198822: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000198822

## Connected records

- collections: [IntOGen](https://onco.cc/collections/intogen/)
- cancers: [Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/chromophobe-rcc/), [Melanoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/melanoma/), [Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/oesophageal-adenocarcinoma/), [Oesophageal cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/esophageal/), [Renal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/rcc/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/grm3.json