# INT-0091 (Ewing sarcoma)

Source: https://onco.cc/trials/int-0091/  
OnCo record `int-0091` (Trial). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

Adding ifosfamide and etoposide improved cure rates for localised Ewing sarcoma, setting the backbone still used today.

## Summary

INT-0091, trial NCT00002516 run by the Children's Cancer Group and the Pediatric Oncology Group and published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2003, showed that adding ifosfamide and etoposide to vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide improved cure rates in localised Ewing sarcoma, setting the backbone still used today. It randomised 518 patients and improved event-free survival at five years in non-metastatic disease, with no benefit in metastatic disease. OnCo links it to sarcomas, doxorubicin, ifosfamide and the Children's Oncology Group. It is the foundation of VDC/IE, which interval compression in AEWS0031 later improved, and why the same drugs fail in metastatic disease is the open question.

## Fields

- Kind: Trial
- Status: positive
- Last checked: 2026-09-07
- Registry id: NCT00002516
- Phase: 3
- Setting: Newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma: VDC alone vs VDC alternating with ifosfamide-etoposide
- Sponsor: Children's Cancer Group / POG
- Enrolled: 518
- Result: 5-year EFS 69% vs 54% (localised).
- Outcomes: Event-free survival at 5 years (localised): VDC/IE 69% vs VDC 54%

## Sources

- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00002516: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00002516

## Connected records

- cancers: [Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)](https://onco.cc/cancers/sarcoma/)
- technologies: [Cytotoxic chemotherapy](https://onco.cc/technologies/cytotoxic-chemotherapy/)
- drugs: [Doxorubicin](https://onco.cc/drugs/doxorubicin/), [Ifosfamide](https://onco.cc/drugs/ifosfamide/)
- companies: [Children's Oncology Group (COG)](https://onco.cc/companies/childrens-oncology-group/)
- roadmaps: [Paediatric oncology roadmap: cooperative-group cures → engineered immunity → drugs developed for children first](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/paediatric-oncology-roadmap/)

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