# IRS1

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/irs1/  
OnCo record `irs1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

IRS1 (Insulin receptor substrate 1) is a gene. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role.

## Summary

Signalling adapter protein that participates in the signal transduction from two prominent receptor tyrosine kinases, insulin receptor/INSR and insulin-like growth factor I receptor/IGF1R. Plays therefore an important role in development, growth, glucose homeostasis as well as lipid metabolism. Upon phosphorylation by the insulin receptor, functions as a signalling scaffold that propagates insulin action through binding to SH2 domain-containing proteins including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K, NCK1, NCK2, GRB2 or SHP2.

Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.55 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.98, affected pathway 0.83, animal model 0.51, genetic association 0.16).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: insulin receptor substrate 1; Insulin receptor substrate 1; HIRS-1
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: IRS1
- Class: other
- Biology: Signalling adapter protein that participates in the signal transduction from two prominent receptor tyrosine kinases, insulin receptor/INSR and insulin-like growth factor I receptor/IGF1R. Plays therefore an important role in development, growth, glucose homeostasis as well as lipid metabolism. Upon phosphorylation by the insulin receptor, functions as a signalling scaffold that propagates insulin action through binding to SH2 domain-containing proteins including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K, NCK1, NCK2, GRB2 or SHP2. Recruitment of GRB2 leads to the activation of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor SOS1 which in turn triggers the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK signalling cascade. Activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is responsible for most of insulin metabolic effects in the cell, and the Ras/Raf/MEK/MAPK is involved in the regulation of gene expression and in cooperation with the PI3K pathway regulates cell growth and differentiation. Acts a positive regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway through suppression of DVL2 autophagy-mediated degradation leading to cell proliferation. Location: Cytoplasm; Nucleus (UniProt). Locus 2q36.3 (HGNC).

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier "association-only" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:6125: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:6125
- UniProt P35568: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P35568/entry
- NCBI Gene 3667: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3667
- Ensembl ENSG00000169047: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000169047

## Connected records

- collections: [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/irs1.json