# The Lancet

Source: https://onco.cc/journals/lancet/  
OnCo record `lancet` (Journal). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

The Lancet is Britain's leading general medical journal and the other main home of practice-changing cancer trials, with a stronger global-health and policy voice than NEJM.

## Summary

The Lancet appears weekly and publishes practice-changing oncology phase 3 trials (CheckMate 649, KEYNOTE-048, CARTITUDE-1, TRANSFORM), the Global Burden of Disease series, and Lancet Commissions that shape cancer policy. Elsevier hybrid model: subscription with an open-access option; abstracts free. Known for editorial campaigning on health inequality and for the HPV-vaccination and cancer-survival population studies that appear in this corpus.

## Fields

- Kind: Journal
- Last checked: 2026-09-09
- Also known as: Lancet
- Publisher: Elsevier
- Scope: general medicine
- Access: hybrid

## Sources

- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lancet
- Oncology collection: https://www.thelancet.com/clinical/diseases/cancer

## Connected records

- collections: [PubMed & Europe PMC](https://onco.cc/collections/pubmed-europepmc/)
- key papers: [[ 177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 in patients with PSMA-positive metastatic androgen pathway modulator-naive/sensitive prostate cancer (PSMAddition): a phase 3 randomised, controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-psmaddition-lancet-2026/), [[ 177 Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 versus cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (TheraP): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-therap-lancet-2021/), [11 years' follow-up of trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer: final analysis of the HERceptin Adjuvant (HERA) trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hera-b31-n9831-lancet-2017-update/), [177 Lu-PSMA-617 versus a change of androgen receptor pathway inhibitor therapy for taxane-naive patients with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (PSMAfore): a phase 3, randomised, controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-psmafore-lancet-2024/), [3-year invasive disease-free survival with chemotherapy de-escalation using an 18 F-FDG-PET-based, pathological complete response-adapted strategy in HER2-positive early breast cancer (PHERGain): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-phergain-lancet-2024-update/), [6 versus 12 months of adjuvant trastuzumab for HER2-positive early breast cancer (PERSEPHONE): 4-year disease-free survival results of a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-persephone-lancet-2019/), [Abiraterone plus prednisone added to androgen deprivation therapy and docetaxel in de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (PEACE-1): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 study with a 2 × 2 factorial design](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-peace-1-lancet-2022/), [Access to pathology and laboratory medicine services: a crucial gap](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-wilson-lancet/), [ACTG A5263/AMC 066: three chemotherapy regimens with antiretroviral therapy for advanced AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma in resource-limited settings](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-actg-a5263-kaposi-sarcoma-resource-limited-krown-lancet-2020/), [Addition of docetaxel, zoledronic acid, or both to first-line long-term hormone therapy in prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): survival results from an adaptive, multiarm, multistage, platform randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-stampede-lancet-2016/), [Adjuvant atezolizumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in resected stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (IMpower010)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-felip-impower010-adjuvant-atezolizumab-lancet-2021/), [Adjuvant bisphosphonate treatment in early breast cancer: meta-analyses of individual patient data from randomised trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-early-breast-cancer-trialists-collaborative-group-ebctcg-lancet/), [Adjuvant chemotherapy versus observation in patients with colorectal cancer: a randomised study (QUASAR)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-quasar-adjuvant-chemotherapy-vs-observation-lancet-2007/), [AETHERA: brentuximab vedotin consolidation after autologous stem cell transplantation in Hodgkin lymphoma at risk of relapse](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-aethera-brentuximab-consolidation-after-asct-hodgkin-lancet-2015/), [ALCANZA: brentuximab vedotin versus physician's choice in CD30-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-alcanza-brentuximab-vedotin-lancet-2017/), [ALL R3: mitoxantrone versus idarubicin in first relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-all-r3-mitoxantrone-relapsed-childhood-all-parker-lancet-2010/), [Alleviating the access abyss in palliative care and pain relief-an imperative of universal health coverage: the Lancet Commission report](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-knaul-lancet/), [Arterial embolisation or chemoembolisation versus symptomatic treatment in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-llovet-tace-lancet-2002/), [Assessment of a HER2 scoring system for colorectal cancer: results from a validation study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-valtorta-her2-scoring-colorectal-heracles-mod-pathol-2015/), [Atezolizumab versus docetaxel for patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (POPLAR): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keunchil-park-lancet-2016/), [Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): a phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keunchil-park-lancet-2017/), [Atezolizumab, vemurafenib, and cobimetinib as first-line treatment for unresectable advanced BRAF V600 mutation-positive melanoma (IMspire150): primary analysis of the randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imspire150-lancet-2020/), [Belzutifan plus lenvatinib versus cabozantinib in patients with previously treated advanced renal cell carcinoma (LITESPARK-011): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-litespark-011-motzer-lancet-2026/), [Bendamustine plus rituximab versus CHOP plus rituximab as first-line treatment for patients with indolent and mantle-cell lymphomas: an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rummel-lancet/), [Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma (ECHELON-2): a global, double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-horwitz-lancet/), [Camrelizumab plus rivoceranib versus sorafenib as first-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (CARES-310): a randomised, open-label, international phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-qin-lancet/), [CAPP2: two years of aspirin cuts bowel cancer in Lynch syndrome by more than a third over 10 years](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-capp2-aspirin-lynch-lancet-2020/), [CARTITUDE-1: cilta-cel, a BCMA CAR-T, in heavily pretreated myeloma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cartitude-1-cilta-cel-lancet-2021/), [CASSIOPEIA: daratumumab added to bortezomib, thalidomide and dexamethasone before and after transplant in newly diagnosed myeloma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cassiopeia-lancet-2019/), [CATNON: concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide in anaplastic glioma without 1p/19q codeletion](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-catnon-lancet-2017/), [Cemiplimab monotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with PD-L1 of at least 50%: a multicentre, open-label, global, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-empower-lung-1-lancet-2021/), [CheckMate 649: nivolumab plus chemotherapy as first treatment for advanced gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction and oesophageal adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-checkmate-649-lancet-2021/), [CheckMate 743: first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab in unresectable pleural mesothelioma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-checkmate-743-lancet-2021/), [CheckMate 8HW: nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab alone in MSI-high metastatic colorectal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-checkmate-8hw-lancet-2025/), [CLASSIC: adjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin for gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-classic-adjuvant-capox-gastric-bang-lancet-2012/), [Claudin-18 isoform 2-specific CAR T-cell therapy (satri-cel) versus treatment of physician's choice for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (CT041-ST-01): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ct041-st-01-lancet-2025/), [CodeBreaK 200: sotorasib versus docetaxel in KRAS G12C-mutated lung cancer, a modest win for the first KRAS drug](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-codebreak-200-lancet-2023/), [Colorectal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-dekker-lancet/), [COMBI-d: dabrafenib and trametinib versus dabrafenib alone for BRAF V600-mutant melanoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-combi-d-long-lancet-2015/), [COMMANDS: luspatercept versus epoetin alfa as first treatment for anaemia in lower-risk MDS needing transfusions](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-commands-luspatercept-mds-lancet-2023/), [Comparison of radiotherapy alone with radiotherapy plus hyperthermia in locally advanced pelvic tumours: a prospective, randomised, multicentre trial. Dutch Deep Hyperthermia Group](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-van-der-zee-lancet/), [Comparisons between different polychemotherapy regimens for early breast cancer: meta-analyses of long-term outcome among 100,000 women in 123 randomised trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ebctcg-polychemotherapy-regimens-meta-analysis-lancet-2012/), [CONTINUUM: induction-concurrent chemoradiotherapy with or without sintilimab in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-continuum-sintilimab-nasopharyngeal-liu-lancet-2024/), [CUPISCO: molecularly guided therapy versus chemotherapy after disease control in unfavourable cancer of unknown primary](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cupisco-molecularly-guided-therapy-cup-lancet-2024/), [Cytosponge-trefoil factor 3 versus usual care to identify Barrett's oesophagus in a primary care setting: a multicentre, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-fitzgerald-lancet/), [De-ESCALaTE HPV: radiotherapy plus cisplatin or cetuximab in low-risk HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-de-escalate-lancet-2019/), [DECISION: sorafenib in radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-decision-sorafenib-lancet-2014/), [Definition of subtypes of essential thrombocythaemia and relation to polycythaemia vera based on JAK2 V617F mutation status: a prospective study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-jak2-polycythaemia-vera-lancet-2005/), [Durvalumab plus platinum-etoposide versus platinum-etoposide in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (CASPIAN)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-paz-ares-caspian-durvalumab-es-sclc-lancet-2019/), [Early versus delayed treatment of relapsed ovarian cancer (MRC OV05/EORTC 55955): a randomised trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rustin-lancet/), [Effect of daily aspirin on long-term risk of death due to cancer: analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rothwell-lancet/), [Effect of interleukin-1β inhibition with canakinumab on incident lung cancer in patients with atherosclerosis: exploratory results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ridker-lancet/), [Effect of screening on oral cancer mortality in Kerala, India](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sankaranarayanan-oral-screening-lancet-2005/), [Effect of visual screening on cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Tamil Nadu, India: a cluster-randomised trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sankaranarayanan-lancet/), [Efficacy and safety of first-line maintenance therapy with lurbinectedin plus atezolizumab in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (IMforte): a randomised, multicentre, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imforte-lancet-2025/), [Efficacy of HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine against cervical infection and precancer caused by oncogenic HPV types (PATRICIA): final analysis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-patricia-paavonen-lancet-2009/), [ELEVATE-TN: acalabrutinib, alone or with obinutuzumab, against chemo-immunotherapy in untreated CLL](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-elevate-tn-acalabrutinib-lancet-2020/), [EMERALD-1: durvalumab with or without bevacizumab added to transarterial chemoembolisation for embolisation-eligible hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-emerald-1-lancet-2025/), [Endometrial cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-crosbie-lancet/), [England's HPV programme: cervical cancer down 87% in the first cohort vaccinated at 12-13](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hpv-vaccine-england-lancet-2021/), [Eribulin monotherapy versus treatment of physician's choice in patients with metastatic breast cancer (EMBRACE): a phase 3 open-label randomised study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cortes-lancet/), [Eribulin versus dacarbazine in previously treated advanced liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-eribulin-liposarcoma-schoffski-lancet-2016/), [ESPAC-4: adjuvant gemcitabine plus capecitabine versus gemcitabine alone after resection of pancreatic cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-espac-4-gemcitabine-capecitabine-adjuvant-pancreatic-lancet-2017/), [First-line ceritinib versus platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (ASCEND-4): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ascend-4-lancet-2017/), [FIRSTMAPPP: sunitinib for metastatic progressive phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-firstmappp-sunitinib-metastatic-ppgl-baudin-lancet-2024/), [FLOT4-AIO: perioperative FLOT versus ECF/ECX for resectable gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-flot4-lancet-2019/), [Four versus six cycles of CHOP chemotherapy in combination with six applications of rituximab in patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma with favourable prognosis (FLYER)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-flyer-four-vs-six-cycles-r-chop-lancet-2019/), [Fruquintinib versus placebo in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (FRESCO-2)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-dasari-fresco-2-fruquintinib-lancet-2023/), [GAP70+: a geriatric assessment before chemotherapy cut serious toxicity in older adults by a fifth](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-gap70-geriatric-assessment-lancet-2021/), [Gastric cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-smyth-lancet/), [Gemcitabine plus cisplatin versus fluorouracil plus cisplatin in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-zhang-gemcitabine-cisplatin-vs-fluorouracil-cisplatin-rm-npc-lancet-2016/), [GHSG HD21: PET-guided BrECADD versus escalated BEACOPP in advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ghsg-hd21-brecadd-vs-ebeacopp-advanced-hodgkin-lancet-2024/), [Glofitamab plus gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (GemOx) versus rituximab-GemOx for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (STARGLO): a global phase 3, randomised, open-label trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-glofitamab-dlbcl-lancet-2024/), [GOG 281/LOGS: trametinib versus standard of care in recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-gog-281-trametinib-lgsoc-gershenson-lancet-2022/), [GRID: regorafenib for advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumours after failure of imatinib and sunitinib](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-grid-regorafenib-gist-lancet-2013/), [HARMONi-2: ivonescimab, a PD-1 x VEGF bispecific, beats pembrolizumab head-to-head in PD-L1-positive lung cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-harmoni-2-lancet-2025/), [HER2 overexpression and amplification as a potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer: analysis of 3256 patients enrolled in the QUASAR, FOCUS and PICCOLO colorectal cancer trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-richman-her2-amplification-quasar-focus-piccolo-j-pathol-2016/), [Hypofractionated breast radiotherapy for 1 week versus 3 weeks (FAST-Forward): 5-year efficacy and late normal tissue effects results from a multicentre, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-murray-brunt-lancet/), [Ibrutinib and rituximab versus immunochemotherapy in patients with previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma (ENRICH): a randomised, open-label, phase 2/3 superiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-enrich-ibrutinib-rituximab-mantle-cell-lancet-2025/), [IMbrave050: adjuvant atezolizumab plus bevacizumab versus active surveillance after resection or ablation of high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imbrave050-lancet-2023/), [IMerge: imetelstat, a telomerase inhibitor, for transfusion-dependent lower-risk MDS after erythropoietin has failed](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-imerge-imetelstat-mds-lancet-2024/), [Increasing the dose intensity of chemotherapy by more frequent administration or sequential scheduling: a patient-level meta-analysis of 37 298 women with early breast cancer in 26 randomised trials](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-early-breast-cancer-trialists-collaborative-group-ebctcg-lancet-2019/), [Individualised nutritional support in medical inpatients at nutritional risk: a randomised clinical trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-schuetz-lancet/), [Integrated collaborative care for comorbid major depression in patients with cancer (SMaRT Oncology-2): a multicentre randomised controlled effectiveness trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sharpe-lancet/), [Interfant-99: a treatment protocol for infants under one year with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-interfant-99-lancet-2007/), [INTERLACE: induction chemotherapy before chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-interlace-lancet-2024/), [International validation of the consensus Immunoscore for the classification of colon cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pages-immunoscore-international-validation-lancet-2018/), [IPATential150: ipatasertib plus abiraterone and prednisolone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ipatential150-ipatasertib-abiraterone-pten-lancet-2021/), [Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (HARMONi-6): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct05840016-lancet-2025/), [Ivonescimab plus chemotherapy versus tislelizumab plus chemotherapy in advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (HARMONi-6): interim overall survival analysis of a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial in China](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct05840016-lancet-2026-update/), [KEYNOTE-048: pembrolizumab, alone or with chemotherapy, as first treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-048-lancet-2019/), [KEYNOTE-483 (CCTG IND.227): pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in untreated pleural mesothelioma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-483-lancet-2023/), [KEYNOTE-590: pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy for first-line treatment of advanced oesophageal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-590-lancet-2021/), [KEYNOTE-716: adjuvant pembrolizumab versus placebo in completely resected stage IIB or IIC melanoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-716-lancet-2022/), [KEYNOTE-811: pembrolizumab plus trastuzumab and chemotherapy for HER2-positive gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-811-janjigian-lancet-2023/), [KEYNOTE-942: a personalised mRNA cancer vaccine plus pembrolizumab after melanoma surgery](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-942-lancet-2024/), [KEYNOTE-966: pembrolizumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin for advanced biliary tract cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-966-lancet-2023/), [KEYNOTE-A18: pembrolizumab with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer (overall survival)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-a18-os-lancet-2024/), [KEYNOTE-A18: pembrolizumab with chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer (progression-free survival)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-a18-pfs-lancet-2024/), [LEAP-012: transarterial chemoembolisation with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus placebo for unresectable non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-leap-012-lancet-2025/), [Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-transcend-nhl-001-liso-cel-lancet-2020/), [Long term effects of once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening after 17 years of follow-up](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-atkin-flexible-sigmoidoscopy-17-year-follow-up-lancet-2017/), [Long-term effects of colonoscopy screening on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality: a multicountry, population-based randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nordicc-lancet-2026-update/), [Long-term primary results of accelerated partial breast irradiation after breast-conserving surgery for early-stage breast cancer: a randomised, phase 3, equivalence trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nsabp-b39-lancet-2019/), [MATRix/IELSG43: high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant versus non-myeloablative consolidation in primary CNS lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-matrix-ielsg43-asct-consolidation-pcnsl-illerhaus-lancet-2026/), [MOMENTUM: momelotinib versus danazol for myelofibrosis patients with anaemia after a prior JAK inhibitor](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-momentum-momelotinib-lancet-2023/), [MRC TE19/EORTC 30982: radiotherapy versus single-dose carboplatin as adjuvant treatment for stage I seminoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mrc-te19-carboplatin-seminoma-oliver-lancet-2005/), [Nanoliposomal irinotecan with fluorouracil and folinic acid in metastatic pancreatic cancer after previous gemcitabine-based therapy (NAPOLI-1): a global, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-napoli-1-nanoliposomal-irinotecan-lancet-2016/), [NAPOLI-3: NALIRIFOX versus gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel as first treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-napoli-3-lancet-2023/), [NCIC SR2: preoperative versus postoperative radiotherapy in soft tissue sarcoma of the limbs](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ncic-sr2-preoperative-vs-postoperative-radiotherapy-osullivan-lancet-2002/), [Neoadjuvant atezolizumab in combination with sequential nab-paclitaxel and anthracycline-based chemotherapy versus placebo and chemotherapy in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (IMpassion031): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-impassion031-lancet-2020/), [NETTER-2: lutetium-177 dotatate as first treatment for higher-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-netter-2-lancet-2024/), [No surgical innovation without evaluation: the IDEAL recommendations](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-mcculloch-lancet/), [NRG Oncology RTOG 1016: radiotherapy plus cetuximab versus cisplatin in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rtog-1016-lancet-2019/), [Olaratumab and doxorubicin versus doxorubicin alone for treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma: an open-label phase 1b and randomised phase 2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-robin-jones-lancet-2016/), [Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy screening in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-atkin-once-only-flexible-sigmoidoscopy-lancet-2010/), [Ovarian cancer population screening and mortality after long-term follow-up in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS): a randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-menon-lancet/), [Overall survival with sacituzumab govitecan in hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer (TROPiCS-02): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-tropics-02-lancet-2023/), [PAPMET (SWOG 1500): cabozantinib versus sunitinib for metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-papmet-pal-lancet-2021/), [Partial-breast radiotherapy after breast conservation surgery for patients with early breast cancer (UK IMPORT LOW trial): 5-year results from a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3, non-inferiority trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-coles-lancet/), [PATHFINDER: the first prospective test of a multi-cancer blood test in people without symptoms](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pathfinder-lancet-2023/), [Pathological complete response and long-term clinical benefit in breast cancer: the CTNeoBC pooled analysis](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cortazar-ctneobc-pcr-pooled-analysis-lancet-2014/), [Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus placebo plus chemotherapy for previously untreated locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (KEYNOTE-355): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 clinical trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-355-lancet-2020/), [Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for previously untreated, PD-L1-expressing, locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-042): a randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-keynote-042-lancet-2019/), [Pembrolizumab versus methotrexate, docetaxel, or cetuximab for recurrent or metastatic head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (KEYNOTE-040): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-jean-pascal-machiels-lancet-2019/), [PET-guided treatment in patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HD18): final results of an open-label, international, randomised phase 3 trial by the German Hodgkin Study Group](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ghsg-hd18-pet-guided-escalated-beacopp-lancet-2017/), [Pexidartinib versus placebo for advanced tenosynovial giant cell tumour (ENLIVEN): a randomised phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-tap-lancet/), [POD1UM-303/InterAACT-2: retifanlimab with carboplatin and paclitaxel for locally recurrent or metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-pod1um-303-retifanlimab-anal-cancer-rao-lancet-2025/), [PORTEC-2: vaginal brachytherapy versus pelvic external beam radiotherapy for high-intermediate-risk endometrial cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-portec-2-lancet-2010/), [Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sebag-montefiore-cr07-preoperative-radiotherapy-lancet-2009/), [Prognostic markers and long-term outcome of placental-site trophoblastic tumours: a retrospective observational study](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-schmid-placental-site-trophoblastic-tumour-outcomes-lancet-2009/), [PROMIS: diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric MRI and TRUS biopsy in prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ahmed-promis-multiparametric-mri-lancet-2017/), [proPSMA: PSMA PET-CT versus conventional imaging for staging high-risk prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-propsma-hofman-lancet-2020/), [QuANTUM-First: quizartinib added to intensive chemotherapy and continued as maintenance in newly diagnosed FLT3-ITD AML](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-quantum-first-quizartinib-lancet-2023/), [QUARTZ: whole-brain radiotherapy versus supportive care alone for brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-quartz-lancet-2016/), [RADIANT-4: everolimus for advanced non-functional neuroendocrine tumours of the lung or gastrointestinal tract](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-radiant-4-everolimus-lancet-2016/), [RADICALS-RT: timing of radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-radicals-rt-lancet-2020/), [Radiotherapy to the primary tumour for newly diagnosed, metastatic prostate cancer (STAMPEDE): a randomised controlled phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-parker-lancet/), [Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer (Nottingham)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hardcastle-nottingham-faecal-occult-blood-lancet-1996/), [Randomised study of screening for colorectal cancer with faecal-occult-blood test (Funen)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-kronborg-funen-faecal-occult-blood-lancet-1996/), [REFLECT: lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-reflect-lenvatinib-lancet-2018/), [Regorafenib monotherapy for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CORRECT)](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-grothey-correct-regorafenib-lancet-2013/), [Regression of primary low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-wotherspoon-h-pylori-malt-lancet-1993/), [Rituximab maintenance for 2 years in patients with high tumour burden follicular lymphoma responding to rituximab plus chemotherapy (PRIMA): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-prima-rituximab-maintenance-follicular-lancet-2011/), [ROSELLA: relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-rosella-relacorilant-lancet-2025/), [Sacituzumab tirumotecan plus pembrolizumab versus pembrolizumab in PD-L1-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (OptiTROP-Lung05): interim analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct06448312-lancet-2026/), [Somatic POLE proofreading domain mutation, immune response, and prognosis in colorectal cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-domingo-somatic-pole-proofreading-colorectal-lancet-gastro-2016/), [SPEARHEAD-1: afamitresgene autoleucel, the first engineered T-cell receptor therapy approved for a solid tumour, in synovial sarcoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-spearhead-1-lancet-2024/), [SPOTLIGHT: zolbetuximab, the first Claudin 18.2 antibody, added to chemotherapy in gastric cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-spotlight-lancet-2023/), [STAMPEDE: abiraterone with or without enzalutamide added to androgen deprivation for high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-stampede-abiraterone-high-risk-attard-lancet-2022/), [Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy versus standard of care palliative treatment in patients with oligometastatic cancers (SABR-COMET): a randomised, phase 2, open-label trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-sabr-comet-lancet-2019/), [Sunitinib in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumour after failure of imatinib](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-demetri-sunitinib-gist-lancet-2006/), [Tafasitamab, lenalidomide, and rituximab in relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma (inMIND): a global, phase 3, randomised controlled trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-inmind-tafasitamab-lenalidomide-rituximab-follicular-lancet-2026/), [Talazoparib plus enzalutamide in men with first-line metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (TALAPRO-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-talapro-2-lancet-2023/), [Talazoparib plus enzalutamide in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: final overall survival results from the randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 TALAPRO-2 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-talapro-2-lancet-2025-update/), [The benefits and harms of breast cancer screening: an independent review](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-independent-uk-panel-on-breast-cancer-lancet/), [The serrated pathway to colorectal carcinoma: current concepts and challenges](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-bettington-serrated-pathway-colorectal-histopathology-2013/), [Thyroid cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-cabanillas-lancet/), [Transdermal oestradiol for androgen suppression in prostate cancer: long-term cardiovascular outcomes from the randomised Prostate Adenocarcinoma Transcutaneous Hormone (PATCH) trial programme](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-langley-lancet/), [TRANSFORM: liso-cel CAR-T versus salvage chemotherapy and transplant in early-relapsing large B-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-transform-liso-cel-lancet-2022/), [Trastuzumab deruxtecan versus trastuzumab emtansine in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: updated results from DESTINY-Breast03, a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-destiny-breast03-lancet-2023-update/), [TRIANGLE: ibrutinib with immunochemotherapy with or without autologous transplant versus immunochemotherapy and transplant in untreated mantle cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-triangle-ibrutinib-mantle-cell-lymphoma-dreyling-lancet-2024/), [TROPIC: prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-de-bono-tropic-cabazitaxel-lancet-2010/), [UCART19: the first gene-edited, donor-derived CAR-T cells in children and adults with relapsed B-cell ALL](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-ucart19-allogeneic-car-t-lancet-2020/), [Ultra-hypofractionated versus conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer: 5-year outcomes of the HYPO-RT-PC randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-widmark-lancet/), [Vimseltinib versus placebo for tenosynovial giant cell tumour (MOTION): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-gelderblom-lancet/), [Virus particles in cultured lymphoblasts from Burkitt's lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-epstein-virus-particles-burkitt-lymphoblasts-lancet-1964/), [Zanzalintinib plus atezolizumab versus regorafenib in refractory colorectal cancer (STELLAR-303): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-nct05425940-lancet-2025/)
- people: [Chak-sing Lau](https://onco.cc/people/chak-sing-lau/), [Chong-Jen Yu](https://onco.cc/people/chong-jen-yu/), [Shabir A. Madhi](https://onco.cc/people/shabir-madhi/)

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