# LILRB1 (ILT2)

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/lilrb1/  
OnCo record `lilrb1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

LILRB1 is a brake on macrophages, dendritic cells and some NK and T cells that reads ordinary HLA class I, so any cell showing HLA is protected. Antibodies that block it, with or without LILRB2, are in early trials.

## Summary

LILRB1 (chromosome 19q13.42) is a receptor for class I MHC antigens that recognises a broad spectrum of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-G and HLA-F alleles and the cytomegalovirus homologue UL18; ligand binding gives inhibitory signals and down-regulates the immune response, and engagement on NK or T cells protects the target from lysis. It is expressed in B cells, monocytes and myeloid, plasmacytoid and tolerogenic dendritic cells, in decidual macrophages and decidual NK cells (protein level) (UniProt Q8NHL6). NGM707, an antibody against LILRB1 and LILRB2, was studied in phase 1/2 with pembrolizumab (NCT04913337); a later phase 2 study was withdrawn by the sponsor (NCT07511972).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-24
- Also known as: ILT2; LIR-1; CD85j; leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B1
- Tags: checkpoint-map
- Symbol: LILRB1
- Class: checkpoint
- Biology: An ITIM-bearing LILR; LILRB receptors negatively regulate myeloid maturation and permit a suppressive myeloid phenotype in tumours (van der Touw et al. 2017).
- Where found: B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, decidual macrophages and NK cells (UniProt Q8NHL6)

## Notes

- Prevalence not recorded: HGNC and UniProt carry no positivity rates.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:6605: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:6605
- UniProt Q8NHL6: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q8NHL6/entry
- NCBI Gene 10859: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10859
- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04913337: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04913337

## Connected records

- targets: [HLA-A](https://onco.cc/targets/hla-a/), [LILRB2 (ILT4)](https://onco.cc/targets/lilrb2/)
- drugs: [Pembrolizumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/pembrolizumab/)
- pathways: [The cancer-immunity cycle](https://onco.cc/pathways/cancer-immunity-cycle/)
- terms: [Checkpoint (two meanings)](https://onco.cc/terms/checkpoint/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/lilrb1.json