# ANBL0531: response- and biology-based therapy for intermediate-risk neuroblastoma

Source: https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-anbl0531-twist-jco-2019/  
OnCo record `paper-anbl0531-twist-jco-2019` (Key paper). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

Further reducing chemotherapy according to biology and response, including observation alone for some infants, maintained a three-year survival of 96 percent in intermediate-risk neuroblastoma.

## Summary

Children's Oncology Group phase 3 study of 404 children with intermediate-risk neuroblastoma treated with two, four or eight cycles of chemotherapy depending on stage, age, biology and response, with some subgroups receiving surgery alone.

Three-year event-free survival was 83.2 percent and overall survival 94.9 percent; 12q loss and 1p loss identified patients with more events, and reduced therapy was successful in most subgroups.

## Fields

- Kind: Key paper
- Last checked: 2026-09-17
- Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology
- Year: 2019
- DOI: 10.1200/JCO.19.00919
- Authors: Twist CJ, Schmidt ML, Naranjo A, et al.
- Findings: Three-year overall survival 94.9 percent; event-free survival 83.2 percent.; Reduced therapy safe in favourable biology subgroups.
- What it means: Current intermediate-risk neuroblastoma protocols minimise chemotherapy to two to eight cycles by response and biology, following this study.
- Caveats: Some subgroups with unfavourable biology had lower event-free survival, prompting refinements.

## Sources

- J Clin Oncol 2019: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.00919
- PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31386611/

## Connected records

- cancers: [Intermediate-risk neuroblastoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/neuroblastoma-intermediate-risk/)
- journals: [Journal of Clinical Oncology](https://onco.cc/journals/jco/)

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