# Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (review)

Source: https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-hunger-mullighan-all-children-nejm-2015/  
OnCo record `paper-hunger-mullighan-all-children-nejm-2015` (Key paper). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

This review summarises how childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia became curable in nine of ten children through risk-adapted chemotherapy, and how genomic subtypes such as Ph-like and infant leukaemia are shaping the next generation of targeted treatment.

## Summary

Review of the epidemiology, genomic classification (including Ph-like ALL, IKZF1 alterations, KMT2A rearrangements, hypodiploidy), risk stratification by measurable residual disease, treatment phases, outcomes approaching 90 percent survival, late effects, relapse and emerging immunotherapies for childhood ALL.

## Fields

- Kind: Key paper
- Last checked: 2026-09-17
- Journal: New England Journal of Medicine
- Year: 2015
- DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1400972
- Authors: Hunger SP, Mullighan CG.
- What it means: The structure of the paediatric ALL subtype pages, from risk groups to new targeted and immune therapies, follows the framework in this review.
- Caveats: Predates blinatumomab and CAR-T results in frontline therapy.

## Sources

- N Engl J Med 2015: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1400972
- PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26465987/

## Connected records

- cancers: [High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (high-risk B-ALL and T-ALL)](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-paediatric-high-risk/), [Infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (KMT2A-rearranged, under one year)](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-infant/), [Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (Ph-like or BCR::ABL1-like ALL)](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-ph-like/)
- journals: [New England Journal of Medicine](https://onco.cc/journals/nejm/)

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