# Seed-displacements in the immediate post-implant phase in permanent prostate brachytherapy

Source: https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-karius-radiother-oncol/  
OnCo record `paper-karius-radiother-oncol` (Key paper). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

Paper cited by one cancer page, indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 36858202 and published in Radiotherapy and Oncology; the citing page links this DOI, which is how the record was matched.

## Summary

Purpose: To investigate differences in seed-displacements between the immediate post-implant phase (day 0-1) and the time to post-plan computed tomography (CT) (day 1-30) in seed prostate brachytherapy.

Materials and methods: Seed positions were identified on the intra-operatively created ultrasound-based treatment plan (day 0) and CT scans of day 1 and 30 for 33 patients. The day 1 (30) seed arrangement was registered onto the day 0 (1) arrangement using a seed-only approach. Based on a 1:1 assignment of seeds via the Kuhn-Munkres algorithm, seed-displacements were analyzed. Displacements were evaluated depending on strand-length and anatomical implant location. Resulting dosimetric effects were calculated.

Results: Seed-displacements in the immediate post-implant phase (median displacements: 3.8 ± 3.6 mm) were stronger than in the time to post-plan CT (2.1 ± 2.6 mm) and enhanced along the superior-inferior direction. From day 0 to 1, strands containing one (7.3 ± 5.4 mm) or two (8.1 ± 5.8 mm) seeds showed larger displacements than strands of higher lengths (up to 4.2 ± 7.0 mm), whereas no length-dependency was found to day 30. Seeds implanted in base and apex tended to move towards the prostate midzone during both time periods. D 90 (dose that 90% of prostate receives) was with variations of 2 ± 15 Gy more stable from day 1 to 30 than in the immediate post-implant phase (-18 ± 11 Gy).

Conclusion: Seed-displacements in the immediate post-implant phase was enhanced compared to day 1-30. This may result from uncertainties in the gold-standard ultrasound-based treatment planning and implantation. Adaptive implantation workflows appear useful for ensuring high implant stability from the beginning.

Indexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 36858202 (DOI 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109590). Matched by DOI alone: one cancer page cites this DOI among its external links (the pages are listed under Related), and this page was written so that the citation resolves inside OnCo. No figure has been checked by an editor.

## Fields

- Kind: Key paper
- Last checked: 2026-09-22
- Tags: europepmc-ingest
- Journal: Radiotherapy and Oncology
- Year: 2023
- DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109590
- Authors: Karius A, Schweizer C, Strnad V, et al.
- What it means: One cancer page on OnCo cites this paper by its DOI; this record gives the citation a page of its own so a reader can follow it without leaving OnCo. Read the abstract above alongside the citing page listed under Related; the record was created automatically from the Europe PMC entry and its figures have not been checked by hand.
- Caveats: Matched to the citing OnCo records by DOI alone; the summary reproduces the Europe PMC abstract and no figure has been verified against the full paper.

## Sources

- Radiother Oncol 2023: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109590
- PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36858202/
- Europe PMC: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36858202

## Connected records

- cancers: [Vaginal cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/vaginal/)
- journals: [Radiotherapy and Oncology](https://onco.cc/journals/radiotherapy-and-oncology/)

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