# Surgical Strategy for T2 Gallbladder Cancer According to Tumor Location

Source: https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-lee-t2-gallbladder-cancer-surgical-strategy-aso-2015/  
OnCo record `paper-lee-t2-gallbladder-cancer-surgical-strategy-aso-2015` (Key paper). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

A Korean series suggesting that muscle-invading gallbladder tumours on the free side may not always need part of the liver removed, while those against the liver bed do.

## Summary

Single-centre Korean series of 157 T2 gallbladder cancers resected with curative intent between 2000 and 2011: 33 peritoneal-side and 124 hepatic-side (epicentre in the gallbladder bed or neck); 122 had hepatic resection and 35 did not. After a median follow-up of 40 months, peritoneal-side tumours had better survival (p=0.002). Tumour location, lymph node metastasis, hepatic resection, lymphatic invasion and perineural invasion were independent prognostic factors. The authors recommend hepatic resection for hepatic-side tumours and suggest it is not always necessary for selected peritoneal-side tumours.

## Fields

- Kind: Key paper
- Last checked: 2026-09-24
- Tags: gallbladder-evidence
- Journal: Annals of Surgical Oncology
- Year: 2015
- DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-4300-7
- Authors: Lee H, Choi DW, Park JY, et al.
- Findings: 157 T2 tumours: 33 peritoneal-side, 124 hepatic-side; peritoneal-side survival better (p=0.002).; Tumour location, nodal metastasis, hepatic resection, lymphatic and perineural invasion were independent prognostic factors.
- What it means: One of the series that raised the question of sparing the liver resection in T2a disease; only 33 peritoneal-side tumours, so it poses the question rather than settles it.
- Caveats: Single centre, retrospective, small peritoneal-side group.; Location definitions differ from later studies.

## Sources

- Ann Surg Oncol 2015: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-4300-7
- PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25519930/

## Connected records

- cancers: [Gallbladder cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/gallbladder/)
- terms: [Radical (extended) cholecystectomy](https://onco.cc/terms/radical-cholecystectomy/), [T2a versus T2b gallbladder cancer (peritoneal side versus hepatic side)](https://onco.cc/terms/t2a-versus-t2b/)
- journals: [Annals of surgical oncology](https://onco.cc/journals/annals-of-surgical-oncology/)
- ideas: [A trial of sparing the liver resection in peritoneal-side (T2a) gallbladder cancer](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-gbc-t2a-spare-liver-resection-trial/)

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