# PTGS1

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/ptgs1/  
OnCo record `ptgs1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

PTGS1 (Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1) is an enzyme. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it.

## Summary

Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase that plays an important role in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate, AA, C20:4(n-6)), with a particular role in the inflammatory response. The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates AA to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins.

Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.62 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.93, animal model 0.64, genetic association 0.37, clinical 0.88).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1; Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1; COX1; PGHS-1; PTGHS
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: PTGS1
- Class: enzyme
- Biology: Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase that plays an important role in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate ((5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate, AA, C20:4(n-6)), with a particular role in the inflammatory response. The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates AA to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. Location: Microsome membrane; Endoplasmic reticulum membrane (UniProt). Locus 9q33.2 (HGNC).

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.88. Evidence tier "approved-drug" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:9604: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9604
- UniProt P23219: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P23219/entry
- NCBI Gene 5742: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5742
- Ensembl ENSG00000095303: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000095303

## Connected records

- collections: [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)

---
JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/ptgs1.json