# RB1

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/rb1/  
OnCo record `rb1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

RB1 (Retinoblastoma-associated protein) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Bladder & urothelial cancer, Lung cancer, Neuroendocrine tumours and 5 more.

## Summary

Tumour suppressor that is a key regulator of the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. The hypophosphorylated form binds transcription regulators of the E2F family, preventing transcription of E2F-responsive genes. Both physically blocks E2Fs transactivating domain and recruits chromatin-modifying enzymes that actively repress transcription.

CIViC holds 18 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 9 variants, naming Palbociclib, Fulvestrant, Gemcitabine and Olaparib and others. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.93 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes genetic literature 0.92, affected pathway 0.92, literature 1.00, genetic association 0.95, somatic mutation 0.98, animal model 0.68). IntOGen calls it a driver in 65 cohorts (1 activating, 61 loss-of-function), covering Adrenocortical Carcinoma, Bladder/Urinary Tract, Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Invasive Breast Carcinoma, Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma and others.

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: RB transcriptional corepressor 1; Retinoblastoma-associated protein; PPP1R130
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: RB1
- Class: transcription
- Biology: Tumour suppressor that is a key regulator of the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. The hypophosphorylated form binds transcription regulators of the E2F family, preventing transcription of E2F-responsive genes. Both physically blocks E2Fs transactivating domain and recruits chromatin-modifying enzymes that actively repress transcription. Cyclin and CDK-dependent phosphorylation of RB1 induces its dissociation from E2Fs, thereby activating transcription of E2F responsive genes and triggering entry into S phase. RB1 also promotes the G0-G1 transition upon phosphorylation and activation by CDK3/cyclin-C. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilising histone methylation. Location: Nucleus; Cytoplasm (UniProt). Locus 13q14.2 (HGNC).
- Where found: Bladder & urothelial cancer: Open Targets association 0.80 with urinary bladder cancer (MONDO_0001187); IntOGen driver in 8 cohorts (BLADDER, BLCA); Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.80 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903); Neuroendocrine tumours: Open Targets association 0.79 with neuroendocrine neoplasm (MONDO_0019496); Sarcomas: Open Targets association 0.78 with sarcoma (MONDO_0005089); IntOGen driver in 4 cohorts (LIPO, LMS, SOFT_TISSUE); Hepatocellular carcinoma: Open Targets association 0.63 with hepatocellular carcinoma (MONDO_0007256); IntOGen driver in 7 cohorts (HCC); Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.65 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254); CIViC evidence names this disease

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 16 therapies; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 1 cohort; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 61 cohorts; CIViC holds 18 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier "clinical-evidence" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.
- Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Urinary Bladder Cancer; Low-Grade Glioma, NOS.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:9884: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9884
- UniProt P06400: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P06400/entry
- NCBI Gene 5925: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5925
- Ensembl ENSG00000139687: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000139687

## Connected records

- collections: [CIViC](https://onco.cc/collections/civic/), [IntOGen](https://onco.cc/collections/intogen/), [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)
- cancers: [Bladder & urothelial cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/urothelial/), [Breast cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/breast-cancer/), [Hepatocellular carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/hcc/), [Lung cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/lung-cancer/), [Neuroendocrine tumours](https://onco.cc/cancers/neuroendocrine/), [Oesophageal cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/esophageal/), [Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)](https://onco.cc/cancers/sarcoma/), [Skin cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/skin-cancer/)
- pathways: [Bladder cancer (KEGG map)](https://onco.cc/pathways/bladder-cancer-signalling/), [Cancer stem cells & phenotypic plasticity](https://onco.cc/pathways/cancer-stem-cells-plasticity/), [Chronic myeloid leukaemia (KEGG map)](https://onco.cc/pathways/cml-signalling/), [Hepatocellular carcinoma (KEGG map)](https://onco.cc/pathways/hepatocellular-carcinoma-signalling/), [Lineage plasticity & neuroendocrine transformation](https://onco.cc/pathways/lineage-plasticity-neuroendocrine/), [Resistance routes: how a blocked pathway comes back](https://onco.cc/pathways/resistance-routes-map/), [Small cell lung cancer (KEGG map)](https://onco.cc/pathways/sclc-signalling/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/rb1.json