# Off-the-shelf cancer vaccines

Source: https://onco.cc/technologies/shared-antigen-vaccine/  
OnCo record `shared-antigen-vaccine` (Technology). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

Off-the-shelf cancer vaccines target antigens shared across patients, such as mutant KRAS or HER2 peptides, so they are made in advance rather than per person. Sipuleucel-T is still the only approved therapeutic cancer vaccine in the US; tolerance to self-antigens and weak past results hold them back.

## Summary

KRAS-directed vaccines (ELI-002 7P, Elicio; mRNA-5671), shared neoantigen vaccines (Gritstone SLATE, discontinued), HER2 peptide vaccines, and tumour-lysate approaches. Sipuleucel-T (2010) remains the only approved therapeutic cancer vaccine in the US; BCG for bladder cancer is the oldest immunotherapy.

## Fields

- Kind: Technology
- Status: phase-3
- Last checked: 2026-09-04
- Principle: A pre-manufactured antigen (peptide, mRNA, viral vector, dendritic cell) is given with an adjuvant.
- Strengths: Scalable, immediate
- Limitations: Tolerance to self-antigens; weak historical results

## Sources

- First trial of a vaccine against the shared neoantigens of mismatch-repair-deficient cancers (Clinical Cancer Research 2020): https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-3517
- ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05726864: AMPLIFY-7P: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05726864

## Connected records

- ideas: [A frameshift neoantigen vaccine for Lynch syndrome carriers as the first preventive cancer vaccine approval](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-moon-lynch-vaccine-phase3/), [A randomised trial of a shared-antigen vaccine to prevent Lynch syndrome cancers](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prev-lynch-frameshift-vaccine-rct/), [Cancer interception vaccines for high-risk carriers](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-interception-vaccines/), [Off-the-shelf KRAS vaccines after pancreatic cancer surgery](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-shared-kras-vaccine-adjuvant/), [Shared splice-derived neoantigens as off-the-shelf vaccine targets](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-splice-neoantigens/), [Vaccinate against the resistance mutation before it takes over](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-resistance-mutation-vaccine/)
- cancers: [Colorectal cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/colorectal/), [Glioma & glioblastoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/glioblastoma/), [Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/metastatic-pdac/), [Mismatch repair deficient (MSI-high) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/msi-high-pdac/), [Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/pancreatic/), [Prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/prostate/)
- fronts: [Immunotherapy](https://onco.cc/fronts/immunotherapy/)
- targets: [KRAS](https://onco.cc/targets/kras/)
- companies: [Adventris Pharmaceuticals](https://onco.cc/companies/adventris-pharmaceuticals/), [Bavarian Nordic](https://onco.cc/companies/bavarian-nordic/), [CureVac](https://onco.cc/companies/curevac/), [Evaxion](https://onco.cc/companies/evaxion/), [Gritstone bio](https://onco.cc/companies/gritstone/), [Guardian Bio](https://onco.cc/companies/guardian-bio/), [IO Biotech](https://onco.cc/companies/io-biotech/), [Mendus](https://onco.cc/companies/mendus/), [Nouscom](https://onco.cc/companies/nouscom/), [Nykode Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/nykode-therapeutics/), [OSE Immunotherapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/ose-immunotherapeutics/), [TareBio](https://onco.cc/companies/tarebio/)
- drugs: [Algenpantucel-L](https://onco.cc/drugs/algenpantucel-l/), [DCVax-L](https://onco.cc/drugs/dcvax-l/), [ELI-002 7P](https://onco.cc/drugs/eli-002-7p/), [GI-6301](https://onco.cc/drugs/gi-6301/), [PROSTVAC](https://onco.cc/drugs/prostvac/), [Rindopepimut](https://onco.cc/drugs/rindopepimut/), [Sipuleucel-T](https://onco.cc/drugs/sipuleucel-t/)
- trials: [ACT IV](https://onco.cc/trials/act-iv/), [AMPLIFY-7P](https://onco.cc/trials/amplify-7p/), [Autologous and Allogeneic Whole Cell Cancer Vaccine for Metastatic Tumors](https://onco.cc/trials/nct00722228/), [Combining Intratumoral Flu Vaccine and Systemic Pembrolizumab in Patients With Early pMMR Colorectal Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05909423/), [Comparing Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant GVAX vs a mKRASvax Given With Anti-PD-1 and Anti-CD137 for Surgically Resectable Pancreatic Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06782932/), [ECLIPSE (GVAX pancreas and CRS-207)](https://onco.cc/trials/eclipse/), [IMPRESS (algenpantucel-L)](https://onco.cc/trials/impress-trial/), [Intratumoral MMR Vaccine Injection in Borderline Resectable/Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07539155/), [Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Subjects Treated With PROVENGE® + One Infusion of Sipuleucel-T](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06134232/), [Peptide Vaccine To Prevent Acquired Resistance In Patients With Advanced ALK+ NSCLC](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05950139/), [Phase I/II Study of the Combination Immunotherapy Regimen: SX-682, TriAdeno Vaccine, Retifanlimab and IL-15 Agonist N-803 (STAR15) for Metastatic Colorectal Can](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06149481/), [PROSPECT](https://onco.cc/trials/prospect-prostvac/), [Sequential Immunochemotherapy Treatment with Pembrolizumab Plus Dendritic Cell (DC) Vaccine Followed by Trifluridine/Tipiracil Plus Bevacizumab in Refractory Mi](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06522919/)
- roadmaps: [Cancer prevention roadmap: tobacco control and vaccines → biomarker-guided chemoprevention → interception in carriers](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/prevention-roadmap/), [Immunotherapy roadmap: Coley's toxins → checkpoint inhibitors → engineered immunity](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/immunotherapy-roadmap/), [KRAS roadmap: undruggable → G12C → pan-RAS](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/kras-roadmap/), [Pancreatic cancer roadmap: from Whipple's operation to gemcitabine, FOLFIRINOX, adjuvant chemotherapy, PARP inhibition, KRAS inhibition, vaccines and the surveillance question](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/pancreatic-roadmap/), [Paths to cures: interception, eradication, control](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/cure-paths/)
- institutions: [Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/cleveland-clinic/), [Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen-Stuttgart](https://onco.cc/institutions/ccc-tuebingen/), [Leiden University Medical Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/lumc-leiden/), [Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center in Florida](https://onco.cc/institutions/mayo-clinic-florida/), [Oxford Cancer (Oxford University Hospitals and University of Oxford)](https://onco.cc/institutions/oxford-cancer/), [Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Jefferson Health](https://onco.cc/institutions/jefferson-kimmel/), [The Wistar Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/wistar/), [University Hospital Southampton / Centre for Cancer Immunology](https://onco.cc/institutions/southampton-cancer/), [University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/uw-carbone/), [UVA Comprehensive Cancer Center](https://onco.cc/institutions/uva-cancer-center/)
- technologies: [Bacteriophage-based tumour delivery](https://onco.cc/technologies/phage-delivery/), [Cancer interception vaccines](https://onco.cc/technologies/interception-vaccination/), [mRNA and lipid nanoparticle manufacturing](https://onco.cc/technologies/mrna-lnp-manufacturing/), [Self-amplifying and circular RNA therapeutics](https://onco.cc/technologies/self-amplifying-rna/)
- people: [Elizabeth M. Jaffee](https://onco.cc/people/elizabeth-jaffee/), [James L. Gulley](https://onco.cc/people/james-gulley/), [Joshua Brody](https://onco.cc/people/joshua-brody/), [Nina Bhardwaj](https://onco.cc/people/nina-bhardwaj/), [Robert A. Fenstermaker](https://onco.cc/people/robert-fenstermaker/), [Vincent K. Tuohy](https://onco.cc/people/vincent-tuohy/), [Yuquan Wei](https://onco.cc/people/wei-yuquan/)
- bottlenecks: [The undruggable drivers](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-undruggable-targets/)
- key papers: [First trial of a vaccine against the shared neoantigens of mismatch-repair-deficient cancers](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-lynch-frameshift-vaccine-ccr-2020/)
- terms: [Cancer vaccines and oncolytic viruses](https://onco.cc/terms/vaccines-and-oncolytic-viruses/)

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