# T-cell engagers (bispecific)

Source: https://onco.cc/technologies/t-cell-engager/  
OnCo record `t-cell-engager` (Technology). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

An off-the-shelf drug that physically links a killer T cell to a cancer cell, forcing the attack.

## Summary

Blinatumomab (CD19×CD3, 2014) proved the concept in ALL. Now standard in myeloma (teclistamab, elranatamab, talquetamab, linvoseltamab) and lymphoma (glofitamab, epcoritamab, mosunetuzumab). In solid tumours: tarlatamab (DLL3×CD3) improved survival in SCLC (DeLLphi-304, 2025), tebentafusp (gp100 ImmTAC) in uveal melanoma. Trispecifics, prostate (PSMA, STEAP1 xaluritamig), and GPC3 engagers follow. Cytokine release syndrome is managed with step-up dosing.

## Fields

- Kind: Technology
- Status: approved
- Last checked: 2026-09-04
- Principle: One arm binds tumour antigen, the other CD3, forming an artificial immune synapse independent of TCR specificity or MHC.
- Since: 2014
- Strengths: Off-the-shelf, no manufacturing wait; Redirects any T cell
- Limitations: CRS and neurotoxicity; Short half-life of first-generation formats; Solid tumour antigen sink and exclusion

## Notes

- Lymphoma: an engager needs both a target on the tumour and a working T cell in the node, so it is exposed to antigen loss and to T-cell exhaustion at once. That is the argument for using it while the T-cell compartment is still intact rather than after several lines of treatment.

## Sources

- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-specific_T-cell_engager
- Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-specific_T-cell_engager

## Connected records

- technologies: [Bispecific antibodies](https://onco.cc/technologies/bispecific-antibody/), [NK cell engagers](https://onco.cc/technologies/nk-cell-engagers/), [Trispecific antibodies](https://onco.cc/technologies/trispecific-antibodies/)
- cancers: [Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-leukemia/), [Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/dlbcl/), [Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/extensive-stage-sclc/), [Extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/extrapulmonary-nec/), [Follicular lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/follicular-lymphoma/), [Infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (KMT2A-rearranged, under one year)](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-infant/), [Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/limited-stage-sclc/), [Lung cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/lung-cancer/), [Mantle cell lymphoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/mantle-cell-lymphoma/), [Melanoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/melanoma/), [Mesothelioma](https://onco.cc/cancers/mesothelioma/), [Multiple myeloma](https://onco.cc/cancers/multiple-myeloma/), [Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/), [Prostate cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/prostate/), [Relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-paediatric-relapsed/), [Relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma](https://onco.cc/cancers/myeloma-relapsed-refractory/), [Richter transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia](https://onco.cc/cancers/richter-transformation-cll/), [Small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/sclc/), [Standard-risk B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children](https://onco.cc/cancers/all-paediatric-standard-risk/), [Uveal melanoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/uveal-melanoma/)
- fronts: [Immunotherapy](https://onco.cc/fronts/immunotherapy/)
- targets: [BCMA](https://onco.cc/targets/bcma/), [CD19](https://onco.cc/targets/cd19/), [CD20](https://onco.cc/targets/cd20/), [CD3](https://onco.cc/targets/cd3/), [DLL3](https://onco.cc/targets/dll3/), [gp100 (PMEL)](https://onco.cc/targets/gp100/), [GPRC5D](https://onco.cc/targets/gprc5d/), [Interleukin-6 and IL-6 receptor](https://onco.cc/targets/il6/), [MUC16 (CA-125)](https://onco.cc/targets/muc16/), [PRAME](https://onco.cc/targets/prame/), [PSMA](https://onco.cc/targets/psma/)
- drugs: [Blinatumomab](https://onco.cc/drugs/blinatumomab/), [Brenetafusp](https://onco.cc/drugs/brenetafusp/), [Catumaxomab](https://onco.cc/drugs/catumaxomab/), [Elranatamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/elranatamab/), [Epcoritamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/epcoritamab/), [Glofitamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/glofitamab/), [ISB 2001](https://onco.cc/drugs/isb-2001/), [Linvoseltamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/linvoseltamab/), [M701](https://onco.cc/drugs/m701/), [Mosunetuzumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/mosunetuzumab/), [Obrixtamig](https://onco.cc/drugs/obrixtamig/), [Odronextamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/odronextamab/), [Pasritamig](https://onco.cc/drugs/pasritamig/), [Talquetamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/talquetamab/), [Tarlatamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/tarlatamab/), [Tebentafusp](https://onco.cc/drugs/tebentafusp/), [Teclistamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/teclistamab/), [Tocilizumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/tocilizumab/), [Ubamatamab](https://onco.cc/drugs/ubamatamab/), [Xaluritamig](https://onco.cc/drugs/xaluritamig/)
- companies: [Amunix Pharmaceuticals](https://onco.cc/companies/amunix-pharmaceuticals/), [Cullinan Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/cullinan-therapeutics/), [CytomX Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/cytomx-therapeutics/), [Enlaza Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/enlaza-therapeutics/), [GIMEMA](https://onco.cc/companies/gimema/), [Glenmark Pharmaceuticals (Ichnos Glenmark Innovation)](https://onco.cc/companies/glenmark/), [Harpoon Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/harpoon-therapeutics/), [IGM Biosciences](https://onco.cc/companies/igm-biosciences/), [Janux Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/janux-therapeutics/), [Marengo Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/marengo-therapeutics/), [Sofinnova Partners](https://onco.cc/companies/sofinnova-partners/), [Wuhan YZY Biopharma](https://onco.cc/companies/wuhan-yzy-biopharma/), [Xencor](https://onco.cc/companies/xencor/), [Xilio Therapeutics](https://onco.cc/companies/xilio-therapeutics/)
- terms: [Antibody](https://onco.cc/terms/antibody/), [Antigen](https://onco.cc/terms/antigen/), [Antigen escape (antigen loss, lineage switch)](https://onco.cc/terms/antigen-escape/), [B cell](https://onco.cc/terms/b-cell/), [Cytokine](https://onco.cc/terms/cytokine/), [Cytokine release syndrome (CRS)](https://onco.cc/terms/crs/), [Hallmark: avoiding immune destruction](https://onco.cc/terms/avoiding-immune-destruction/), [HLA-A*02:01 restriction](https://onco.cc/terms/hla-a02-restriction/), [Hypogammaglobulinaemia and infection risk after B-cell therapies](https://onco.cc/terms/hypogammaglobulinaemia/), [ICANS (neurotoxicity)](https://onco.cc/terms/icans/), [Immune surveillance and cancer immunoediting](https://onco.cc/terms/immune-surveillance-immunoediting/), [Immunotherapy](https://onco.cc/terms/immunotherapy-term/), [Lung cancer trials open today (registry snapshot)](https://onco.cc/terms/lung-trials-open-today/), [Lymphoma (tissue type)](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-type/), [Richter transformation](https://onco.cc/terms/richter-transformation/), [Step-up dosing (T-cell engagers)](https://onco.cc/terms/step-up-dosing/), [T cell](https://onco.cc/terms/t-cell/), [What it costs to aim at a lineage antigen](https://onco.cc/terms/lymphoma-bio-lineage-antigen-cost/)
- trials: [A Dose Escalation Study of Glofitamab (RO7082859) as a Single Agent and in Combination With Obinutuzumab, Administered After a Fixed, Single Pre-treat](https://onco.cc/trials/nct03075696/), [A Phase 2 Study of Tarlatamab in Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05060016/), [A Phase 2, Open-label, Randomized, Multicenter Study of Tarlatamab Dosing Regimens in Subjects With SCLC](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06745323/), [A Proof-of-Concept Study to Learn Whether Linvoseltamab Can Eliminate Abnormal Plasma Cells That May Lead to Multiple Myeloma in Adult Patients With H](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06140524/), [A Proof-of-Concept Trial to Study the Safety and Activity of Linvoseltamab in Adult Participants With Smoldering Multiple Myeloma at High Risk of Deve](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05955508/), [A Study Comparing Talquetamab in Combination With Daratumumab or in Combination With Daratumumab and Pomalidomide Versus Daratumumab in Combination Wi](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05455320/), [A Study Comparing Talquetamab Plus Pomalidomide, Talquetamab Plus Teclistamab, and Elotuzumab, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone or Pomalidomide, Bortez](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06208150/), [A Study Comparing Tarlatamab, Durvalumab, Carboplatin, and Etoposide Versus Durvalumab, Carboplatin, and Etoposide in First-line Extensive Stage Small](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07005128/), [A Study Comparing Teclistamab Monotherapy Versus Pomalidomide, Bortezomib, Dexamethasone (PVd) or Carfilzomib, Dexamethasone (Kd) in Participants With](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05572515/), [A Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Mosunetuzumab in Combination With Lenalidomide in Comparison to Rituximab in Combination With Lenalidomi](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04712097/), [A Study Evaluating the Prophylactic Use of Tocilizumab to Prevent Cytokine Release Syndrome With Ramantamig Administration in Participants With Relaps](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07589634/), [A Study Evaluating the Safety, Efficacy, and Pharmacokinetics of Mosunetuzumab Monotherapy in Participants With Select B-Cell Malignancies](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05207670/), [A Study Evaluating the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy of Mosunetuzumab + Lenalidomide (+Len), and the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokineti](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04246086/), [A Study of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel and Talquetamab for the Treatment of Participants With High-Risk Multiple Myeloma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06550895/), [A Study of Different Sequences of Cilta-cel, Talquetamab in Combination With Daratumumab and Teclistamab in Combination With Daratumumab Following Ind](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06577025/), [A Study of Pasritamig With Docetaxel Versus Docetaxel in Participants With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07225946/), [A Study of Subcutaneous Blinatumomab Administration in Participants With R/R and MRD+ B-ALL](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04521231/), [A Study of Subcutaneous Blinatumomab in Children With R/R and and MRD+ B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07134088/), [A Study of Subcutaneously Injected Epcoritamab Plus Oral Lenalidomide Tablets Compared to Intravenously (IV) Infused Rituximab Plus IV Infused Gemcita](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06508658/), [A Study of Teclistamab in Combination With Daratumumab and Lenalidomide (Tec-DR) and Talquetamab in Combination With Daratumumab and Lenalidomide (Tal](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05552222/), [A Study of the Combination of Talquetamab and Teclistamab in Participants With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04586426/), [A Study of Xaluritamig Plus Abiraterone Versus Investigator's Choice in Participants With Chemotherapy-naïve Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate ](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07213674/), [A Study to Assess the Anti-Tumor Activity and Safety of Odronextamab in Adult Patients With B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Who Have Been Previously Treat](https://onco.cc/trials/nct03888105/), [A Study to Assess the Safety and Anti-Tumor Activity of REGN7945 in Combination With Linvoseltamab in Adult Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Mult](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06669247/), [A Study to Compare How Well Odronextamab Combined With Chemotherapy Works and How Safe it is Against Rituximab Combined With Chemotherapy, in Adult Pa](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06091865/), [A Study to Compare Linvoseltamab and Daratumumab Treatment in High-Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (HR-SMM)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07393282/), [A Study to Determine the Recommended Dose and Schedule, and Evaluate the Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of Mezigdomide in Combination With Elranatama](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06988488/), [A Study to Evaluate Adverse Events and Change in Disease Activity of Subcutaneous (SC) Epcoritamab As Monotherapy or Combined With Standard of Care Th](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05201248/), [A Study to Evaluate Adverse Events and Change in Disease Activity of Subcutaneous (SC) Epcoritamab in Combination With Oral and Intravenous Anti-Neopl](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05283720/), [A Study to Evaluate Adverse Events of Subcutaneous (SC) Epcoritamab Administered in the Outpatient Setting in Adult Participants With Relapsed or Refr](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05451810/), [A Study to Evaluate Glofitamab as a Single Agent vs. Investigator's Choice in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06084936/), [A Study to Evaluate Glofitamab Monotherapy and Glofitamab + Chemoimmunotherapy in Pediatric and Young Adult Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Matu](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05533775/), [A Study to Evaluate Preventive Treatments for GPRC5D-related Oral Events](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06500884/), [A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Glofitamab in Combination With Rituximab (R) Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (CHOP) in Circulating Tumor (ct)DNA High-Risk Patients With Untreated Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04980222/), [A Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Mosunetuzumab (BTCT4465A) in Combination With Polatuzumab Vedotin in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct03671018/), [A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Anti-Tumor Activity of Englumafusp Alfa in Combination With Obinutuzumab and in Combi](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04077723/), [A Study to Investigate Ubamatamab With and Without Marlotamig (REGN7075) in Adult Participants With Advanced/Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07154290/), [A Study to Learn About the Effects of the Combination of Elranatamab, Daratumumab and Lenalidomide Compared With Daratumumab, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05623020/), [A Study to Learn About the Study Medicine Elranatamab Alone and With Daratumumab in People With Multiple Myeloma Who Have Received Other Treatments](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05020236/), [A Sub-study Trial of Epcoritamab vs Investigator's Choice Chemotherapy in Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) in China](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07226752/), [A Trial of Tarlatamab in Patients With Pretreated Extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer (ES-SCLC) and ECOG PS 2](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07203053/), [A Trial to Find Out if Odronextamab Combined With Lenalidomide is Safe and Works Better Than Rituximab Combined With Lenalidomide in Adult Participant](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06149286/), [A Trial to Learn How Effective and Safe Odronextamab is Compared to Standard of Care for Adult Participants With Previously Treated Aggressive B-cell ](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06230224/), [A Trial to Learn How Well Linvoseltamab Works Compared to the Combination of Elotuzumab, Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone for Adult Participants With Re](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05730036/), [A Trial to Learn if Odronextamab Combined With Chemotherapy is Safe and Well-Tolerated and How Well it Works Compared to Rituximab Combined With Chemo](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06097364/), [A Trial to Learn if Odronextamab is Safe and Well-Tolerated and How Well it Works Compared to Rituximab Combined With Different Types of Chemotherapy ](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06091254/), [A Trial to Study if REGN17372 in Combination With Linvoseltamab is Tolerable for Adult Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07455851/), [A Window of Opportunity Trial to Learn if Linvoseltamab is Safe and Well Tolerated, and How Well it Works in Adult Participants With Recently Diagnose](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05828511/), [AALL1331](https://onco.cc/trials/aall1331/), [An Open-Label Phase lB/II Study of Glofitamab and Atezolizumab or Polatuzumab Vedotin in Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/nct03533283/), [COG AALL1731](https://onco.cc/trials/aall1731/), [DeLLphi-304](https://onco.cc/trials/dellphi-304/), [DeLLphi-305](https://onco.cc/trials/dellphi-305/), [ECOG-ACRIN E1910](https://onco.cc/trials/e1910/), [EPCORE DLBCL-1](https://onco.cc/trials/epcore-dlbcl-1/), [EPCORE DLBCL-2](https://onco.cc/trials/epcore-dlbcl-2/), [EPCORE NHL-1](https://onco.cc/trials/epcore-nhl-1/), [Evaluate Optimization of CRS Profile for Glofit Monotherapy and Glofit+GemOx in R/R Aggressive B-NHL](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06806033/), [IMCgp100-202](https://onco.cc/trials/imcgp100-202/), [Interfant-06](https://onco.cc/trials/interfant-06/), [LINKER-MM1](https://onco.cc/trials/linker-mm1/), [MagnetisMM-3](https://onco.cc/trials/magnetismm-3/), [MagnetisMM-32: A Study to Learn About the Study Medicine Called Elranatamab in People With Multiple Myeloma (MM) That Has Come Back After Taking Other](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06152575/), [MajesTEC-1](https://onco.cc/trials/majestec-1/), [MajesTEC-3](https://onco.cc/trials/majestec-3/), [MEN1703 (SEL24) to Treat Relapsed or Refractory Aggressive B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (JASPIS-01)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06534437/), [MonumenTAL-1](https://onco.cc/trials/monumental-1/), [Mosunetuzumab against rituximab in low tumour burden follicular lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/mosun-lbt-fl/), [Mosunetuzumab with lenalidomide in relapsed marginal zone lymphoma](https://onco.cc/trials/mosun-len-mzl/), [Phase 3 Trial of Tarlatamab (SC vs IV) in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer After Platinum Based First-line Chemotherapy (ES-SCLC)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07778316/), [PRISM-MEL-301](https://onco.cc/trials/prism-mel-301/), [Radiation Combined With BIspecific T-Cell Engager in DLL3 Expressing Tumors](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06814496/), [Safety and Efficacy of Asciminib in Pediatrics and Young Adults With Relapse/Refractory (r/r) Philadelphia Positive (Ph+) or ABL-class Ph-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07387926/), [Safety and Efficacy of IMC-F106C as a Single Agent and in Combination With Checkpoint Inhibitors](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04262466/), [Safety and Efficacy Study of Epcoritamab in Subjects With Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Richter's Syndrome](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04623541/), [STARGLO](https://onco.cc/trials/starglo/), [Study Evaluating Tarlatamab After Chemoradiotherapy in Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer (LS-SCLC)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06117774/), [Study Evaluating Tarlatamab in Chinese Participants With Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer After Two or More Prior Lines of Treatment](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06502977/), [Study Investigating Tarlatamab (AMG 757) in Patients With Metastatic/Locally Advanced Small-Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and Other Poorly Differentiated Neuroendocri](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07016230/), [Study of Subcutaneous Epcoritamab in Combination With Intravenous Rituximab and Oral Lenalidomide (R2) to Assess Adverse Events and Change in Disease ](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06191744/), [Study of Subcutaneous Epcoritamab in Combination With Intravenous Rituximab and Oral Lenalidomide (R2) to Assess Adverse Events and Change in Disease ](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05409066/), [Study With Elranatamab Versus Lenalidomide in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma After Transplant](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05317416/), [SUNMO](https://onco.cc/trials/sunmo/), [Tarlatamab and Durvalumab vs. Durvalumab Alone for Limited-Stage-Small Cell Lung Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07637513/), [Tarlatamab for the Treatment of Extensive Stage Small-cell Lung Cancer](https://onco.cc/trials/nct07423585/), [Tebentafusp Regimen Versus Investigator's Choice in Previously Treated Advanced Melanoma (TEBE-AM)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct05549297/), [TOWER](https://onco.cc/trials/tower/), [Treatment of Malignant Ascites Caused by Advanced Epithelial Solid Tumors With M701 Bispecific Antibody](https://onco.cc/trials/nct06432296/), [Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Epcoritamab in Japanese Subjects With Relapsed or Refractory (R/R) B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (R/R B-NHL)](https://onco.cc/trials/nct04542824/), [XALute](https://onco.cc/trials/xalute/)
- ideas: [An open engineering platform for academic ADCs and bispecifics](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-fund-academic-adc-bispecific-platform/), [Antibodies that see mutant KRAS and p53 fragments displayed on the cell surface](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio1-pmhc-bispecifics-public-drivers/), [Check whether a tumour can still show itself to the immune system](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-antigen-presentation-triage/), [Efflux-agnostic therapy for mesenchymal TNBC](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-efflux-agnostic/), [Fixed-duration, chemotherapy-free first-line treatment for the indolent lymphomas](https://onco.cc/ideas/lymphoma-ev-fixed-duration-chemotherapy-free-first-line/), [Flush dormant cells out of bone marrow, then kill them](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-cxcr4-mobilise-then-kill/), [Head-to-head bispecific vs CAR-T in second-line LBCL](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bispecific-vs-car-t-second-line/), [Run small-cell lung cancer as one platform with shared controls and subtype stratification](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-lung-small-cell-platform-with-shared-controls-and-subtypes/), [TCR therapeutics for non-HLA-A*02 patients](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-prame-tcr-beyond-a02/), [Treat the body cavity, not the bloodstream, for surface spread](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-intracavitary-immunotherapy/), [Use the brain's own transport door to carry antibody drugs across](https://onco.cc/ideas/idea-bio2-transferrin-shuttle-adc/)
- key papers: [Children's Oncology Group AALL1731: blinatumomab added to chemotherapy for children with standard-risk B-cell ALL](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-aall1731-blinatumomab-children-nejm-2025/), [DeLLphi-301: tarlatamab, a DLL3-targeting T-cell engager, in previously treated small-cell lung cancer](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-dellphi-301-nejm-2023/), [ECOG-ACRIN E1910: adding blinatumomab to chemotherapy for adults with B-cell ALL already in MRD-negative remission](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-e1910-blinatumomab-mrd-negative-all-nejm-2024/), [EPCORE NHL-1: epcoritamab, a subcutaneous CD20 x CD3 bispecific, in relapsed large B-cell lymphoma including after CAR-T](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-epcore-nhl-1-epcoritamab-jco-2023/), [MagnetisMM-3: elranatamab, a second BCMA bispecific, with a switch to fortnightly dosing after response](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-magnetismm-3-elranatamab-natmed-2023/), [MajesTEC-1: teclistamab, an off-the-shelf BCMA bispecific antibody, in heavily pretreated myeloma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-majestec-1-teclistamab-nejm-2022/), [Safety and efficacy of odronextamab in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma](https://onco.cc/key-papers/paper-elm-2-odronextamab-follicular-ann-oncol-2024/)
- roadmaps: [Immunotherapy roadmap: Coley's toxins → checkpoint inhibitors → engineered immunity](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/immunotherapy-roadmap/), [Lymphoma roadmap: from a jaw tumour in Uganda and the first human cancer virus to gene-expression subtypes, PET-adapted chemotherapy, CAR-T cells, bispecific antibodies and the genetics-directed trials now recruiting](https://onco.cc/roadmaps/lymphoma-roadmap/)
- pathways: [Antigen presentation & immune editing](https://onco.cc/pathways/antigen-presentation-immunoediting/), [Cold tumours: immune deserts and exclusion](https://onco.cc/pathways/immune-desert-exclusion/), [Extrinsic apoptosis (death receptors)](https://onco.cc/pathways/extrinsic-apoptosis-death-receptors/), [Lineage plasticity & neuroendocrine transformation](https://onco.cc/pathways/lineage-plasticity-neuroendocrine/), [PD-1 / PD-L1 immune checkpoint & T-cell activation](https://onco.cc/pathways/pd1-checkpoint/), [The cancer-immunity cycle](https://onco.cc/pathways/cancer-immunity-cycle/)
- people: [Ajai Chari](https://onco.cc/people/ajai-chari/), [Catherine Thieblemont](https://onco.cc/people/catherine-thieblemont/), [Elias Jabbour](https://onco.cc/people/elias-jabbour/), [Joaquín Arribas](https://onco.cc/people/joaquin-arribas/), [Joshua Brody](https://onco.cc/people/joshua-brody/), [Michael Dickinson](https://onco.cc/people/michael-dickinson/), [Michael von Bergwelt](https://onco.cc/people/michael-von-bergwelt/), [Nicola Gökbuget](https://onco.cc/people/nicola-gokbuget/), [Paul Nathan](https://onco.cc/people/paul-nathan/), [Philippe Moreau](https://onco.cc/people/philippe-moreau/), [Richard D. Carvajal](https://onco.cc/people/richard-carvajal/), [Saad Z. Usmani](https://onco.cc/people/saad-usmani/), [Sumit Gupta](https://onco.cc/people/sumit-gupta/)
- bottlenecks: [Cold tumours and the immunosuppressive microenvironment](https://onco.cc/bottlenecks/b-tme-immunosuppression/)
- institutions: [Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital Würzburg](https://onco.cc/institutions/ccc-wuerzburg/), [Hospital del Mar / Hospital del Mar Research Institute](https://onco.cc/institutions/hospital-del-mar/), [Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre](https://onco.cc/institutions/12-de-octubre/), [Oxford Cancer (Oxford University Hospitals and University of Oxford)](https://onco.cc/institutions/oxford-cancer/), [Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer](https://onco.cc/institutions/sitc/)

---
JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/t-cell-engager.json