# TG

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/tg/  
OnCo record `tg` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

TG (Thyroglobulin) is a gene. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role. Tied to Thyroid cancer.

## Summary

Acts as a substrate for the production of iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The synthesis of T3 and T4 involves iodination of selected tyrosine residues of TG/thyroglobulin followed by their oxidative coupling in the thyroid follicle lumen. Following TG re-internalisation and lysosomal-mediated proteolysis, T3 and T4 are released from the polypeptide backbone leading to their secretion into the bloodstream.

Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.58 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.95, animal model 0.59, genetic association 0.72, somatic mutation 0.23).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: thyroglobulin; Thyroglobulin; AITD3
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: TG
- Class: other
- Biology: Acts as a substrate for the production of iodinated thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The synthesis of T3 and T4 involves iodination of selected tyrosine residues of TG/thyroglobulin followed by their oxidative coupling in the thyroid follicle lumen. Following TG re-internalisation and lysosomal-mediated proteolysis, T3 and T4 are released from the polypeptide backbone leading to their secretion into the bloodstream. One dimer produces 7 thyroid hormone molecules. Location: Secreted (UniProt). Locus 8q24.22 (HGNC).
- Where found: Thyroid cancer: Open Targets association 0.55 with thyroid cancer (MONDO_0002108)

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier "association-only" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:11764: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11764
- UniProt P01266: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P01266/entry
- NCBI Gene 7038: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7038
- Ensembl ENSG00000042832: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000042832

## Connected records

- collections: [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)
- cancers: [Thyroid cancer](https://onco.cc/cancers/thyroid/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/tg.json