# TGM3

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/tgm3/  
OnCo record `tgm3` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

TGM3 (Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E) is an enzyme. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role. Tied to Skin cancer and Basal cell carcinoma.

## Summary

Catalyses the calcium-dependent formation of isopeptide cross-links between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins, as well as the conjugation of polyamines to proteins. Involved in the formation of the cornified envelope (CE), a specialised component consisting of covalent cross-links of proteins beneath the plasma membrane of terminally differentiated keratinocytes. Catalyses small proline-rich proteins (SPRR1 and SPRR2) and LOR cross-linking to form small interchain oligomers, which are further cross-linked by TGM1 onto the growing CE scaffold.

Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.57 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.91, animal model 0.70, genetic association 0.70).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: transglutaminase 3; Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase E
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: TGM3
- Class: enzyme
- Biology: Catalyses the calcium-dependent formation of isopeptide cross-links between glutamine and lysine residues in various proteins, as well as the conjugation of polyamines to proteins. Involved in the formation of the cornified envelope (CE), a specialised component consisting of covalent cross-links of proteins beneath the plasma membrane of terminally differentiated keratinocytes. Catalyses small proline-rich proteins (SPRR1 and SPRR2) and LOR cross-linking to form small interchain oligomers, which are further cross-linked by TGM1 onto the growing CE scaffold. In hair follicles, involved in cross-linking structural proteins to hardening the inner root sheath. Location: Cytoplasm (UniProt). Locus 20p13 (HGNC).
- Where found: Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.54 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898); Basal cell carcinoma: Open Targets association 0.53 with basal cell carcinoma (MONDO_0020804)

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier "association-only" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:11779: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11779
- UniProt Q08188: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q08188/entry
- NCBI Gene 7053: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7053
- Ensembl ENSG00000125780: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000125780

## Connected records

- collections: [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)
- cancers: [Basal cell carcinoma](https://onco.cc/cancers/basal-cell-carcinoma/), [Skin cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/skin-cancer/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/tgm3.json