# OX40 (TNFRSF4)

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/tnfrsf4/  
OnCo record `tnfrsf4` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

OX40 is an accelerator that appears on T cells once they are switched on; pressing it makes them multiply and survive longer. Agonist antibodies against it are in trials, including a phase 3 in head and neck cancer.

## Summary

TNFRSF4 (chromosome 1p36.33) encodes OX40, the receptor for OX40 ligand (TNFSF4) and a costimulatory molecule implicated in long-term T-cell immunity (UniProt P43489). OX40 ligation augments CD4 and CD8 T-cell clonal expansion, effector differentiation and survival, and in some cases abrogates the suppressive activity of regulatory T cells (Croft 2009, Immunol Rev). INBRX-106, a hexavalent OX40 agonist antibody, is in a phase 2/3 study with pembrolizumab in first-line PD-L1-high head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (NCT06295731).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-24
- Also known as: OX40; CD134; ACT35; TNF receptor superfamily member 4
- Tags: checkpoint-map
- Symbol: TNFRSF4
- Class: surface-antigen
- Biology: A TNF-receptor-superfamily costimulator induced on activated T cells; agonists need receptor clustering, which is why hexavalent formats are tried.
- Where found: Activated T cells (Croft 2009); Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma trial of INBRX-106 (NCT06295731)

## Notes

- Prevalence not recorded: HGNC and UniProt carry no positivity rates.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:11918: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:11918
- UniProt P43489: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P43489/entry
- NCBI Gene 7293: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7293
- Croft 2009, Immunol Rev (Europe PMC): https://europepmc.org/article/MED/19538134

## Connected records

- targets: [CD137 (4-1BB, TNFRSF9)](https://onco.cc/targets/cd137/), [GITR (TNFRSF18)](https://onco.cc/targets/tnfrsf18/)
- drugs: [INBRX-106](https://onco.cc/drugs/inbrx-106/), [Pembrolizumab](https://onco.cc/drugs/pembrolizumab/)
- pathways: [The cancer-immunity cycle](https://onco.cc/pathways/cancer-immunity-cycle/)
- terms: [Checkpoint (two meanings)](https://onco.cc/terms/checkpoint/)

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