# TYRP1

Source: https://onco.cc/targets/tyrp1/  
OnCo record `tyrp1` (Target). Data CC BY-NC 4.0, attribute "Data from OnCo (onco.cc)"; commercial use needs a licence.

## TL;DR

TYRP1 (5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase) is an enzyme. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role. Tied to Skin cancer.

## Summary

Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. Catalyses the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not in the presence of Zn(2+). May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesised.

Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.56 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.56, animal model 0.63, genetic association 0.70).

## Fields

- Kind: Target
- Last checked: 2026-09-23
- Also known as: tyrosinase related protein 1; 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase; GP75; b-PROTEIN; OCA3; CAS2
- Tags: cancer-genes-wave
- Symbol: TYRP1
- Class: enzyme
- Biology: Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. Catalyses the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not in the presence of Zn(2+). May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesised. Also to a lower extent, capable of hydroxylating tyrosine and producing melanin. Location: Melanosome membrane (UniProt). Locus 9p23 (HGNC).
- Where found: Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.53 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)

## Notes

- Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier "association-only" is the strongest of those signals.
- Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.

## Sources

- HGNC HGNC:12450: https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:12450
- UniProt P17643: https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P17643/entry
- NCBI Gene 7306: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7306
- Ensembl ENSG00000107165: https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000107165

## Connected records

- collections: [Open Targets Platform](https://onco.cc/collections/open-targets/)
- cancers: [Skin cancer (all types)](https://onco.cc/cancers/skin-cancer/)

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JSON: https://onco.cc/api/v1/entities/tyrp1.json