{"entity":{"id":"1990","kind":"year","name":"1990 in oncology","aka":["1990"],"tldr":"Everything OnCo dates to 1990: 45 entries, 23 landmarks, 8 technologies, 4 journals founded and 3 approvals. Each line links to the record it was read from, so the year is a view of the corpus rather than a second copy of it.","summary":"45 dated entries in OnCo fall in 1990: 23 landmarks, 8 technologies, 4 journals founded, 3 approvals, 3 companies founded, 2 papers and 2 papers listed on people's pages.\n\nOf those, 45 to the year only. Most of the corpus dates a fact to the year, because that is what the source it was read from gives; regulatory events and the readout calendar are the parts that carry a full date.\n\nEverything on this page is generated from the other records. It holds no fact of its own, and it changes when they do.","asOf":"2026-09-25","links":[],"tags":[],"related":["1989","1991"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Generated from every dated field in the corpus, not written by hand. The groups and the fields behind them are listed in src/lib/year-groups.ts; the reader is src/lib/years.ts."],"year":1990,"events":[{"group":"approval","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Altretamine approved in US","note":"Persistent or recurrent ovarian cancer after first-line cisplatin or alkylating agent combinations","from":"altretamine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Idarubicin approved in US","note":"Adult acute myeloid leukaemia, as a component of combination induction chemotherapy","from":"idarubicin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Intravesical BCG approved in US","note":"Carcinoma in situ of the bladder (TICE BCG)","from":"bcg-intravesical","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Insys Therapeutics founded","note":"Chandler, AZ","from":"insys-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) founded","note":"Tokyo","from":"jcog","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Mediso founded","note":"Budapest","from":"mediso","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Adjuvant chemotherapy becomes standard for stage III; the Lynch genes are cloned","note":"Colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil with levamisole improved survival after resection of node-positive colon cancer (1990); MSH2 and MLH1 were cloned in 1993.","from":"colorectal","refs":["lynch-syndrome","fluorouracil"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Anaplastic cancer classified as stage IV in every case","note":"Anaplastic thyroid cancer","from":"anaplastic-thyroid-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Axillary node adenocarcinoma in women recognised as occult breast cancer","note":"Cancer of unknown primary, favourable subsets","from":"cup-favourable-subsets","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"BCG approved for carcinoma in situ of the bladder","note":"Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer","from":"non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer","refs":["bcg-and-intravesical-therapy"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"BCG approved for carcinoma in situ; SWOG maintenance schedule follows (2000)","note":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","from":"urothelial","refs":["bcg-intravesical"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"BCR-ABL causes CML in mice","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Daley, Van Etten and Baltimore demonstrate the fusion kinase is sufficient to cause a CML-like disease.","from":"cml","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"BCR-ABL shown to cause leukaemia in mice","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia, chronic phase","from":"cml-chronic-phase","refs":["bcr-abl"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"CALGB 8433: chemotherapy before radiotherapy beats radiotherapy alone in stage III","note":"Unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"stage-iii-unresectable-nsclc","refs":["cisplatin","chemoradiation"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Carboplatin-based JEb adopted in the United Kingdom","note":"Germ cell tumours of childhood and adolescence (extracranial and CNS). UKCCSG shows carboplatin can replace cisplatin in children with less hearing and kidney toxicity.","from":"paediatric-germ-cell-tumours","refs":["carboplatin"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Chemotherapy after radiation improves survival (Packer)","note":"Medulloblastoma","from":"medulloblastoma","refs":["cisplatin","vincristine"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Cladribine: durable remissions after one course (Piro, NEJM)","note":"Hairy cell leukaemia","from":"hairy-cell-leukemia","refs":["cladribine"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Endoscopic mucosal resection for early oesophageal cancer (Japan)","note":"Oesophageal cancer","from":"esophageal","refs":["endoscopic-resection"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Etoposide, doxorubicin and cisplatin with mitotane (Berruti regimen) developed in Italy","note":"Advanced and metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ENSAT stage IV or unresectable)","from":"advanced-adrenocortical-carcinoma","refs":["etoposide","doxorubicin","cisplatin","mitotane"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Japan and Korea institute endoscopic screening programmes","note":"Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. Shift to early-stage diagnosis and 5-year survival >60%.","from":"gastric","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"LMB89 establishes short intensive therapy","note":"Burkitt lymphoma. French SFOP protocol cures most children including stage IV.","from":"burkitt-lymphoma","refs":["cyclophosphamide","methotrexate"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"NF1 gene cloned","note":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST)","from":"malignant-peripheral-nerve-sheath-tumour","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Patchell: surgery plus whole-brain radiotherapy beats radiotherapy alone for a single metastasis (NEJM)","note":"Brain metastases (secondary brain tumours)","from":"secondary-brain-tumours","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Risk-adapted therapy standardised","note":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. NCI/Rome criteria (age, white count); paediatric cooperative groups reach ~70% cure.","from":"all-leukemia","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Separate groin incisions replace en bloc dissection","note":"Vulvar cancer","from":"vulvar","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"SIOPEL-1 introduces PRETEXT staging and pre-operative chemotherapy","note":"Hepatoblastoma","from":"hepatoblastoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Teenage Cancer Trust opens the first dedicated teenage cancer unit in the United Kingdom","note":"Adolescent and young adult cancers (ages 15 to 39)","from":"aya-cancers","refs":["teenage-cancer-trust"]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Two decades of negative chemotherapy trials begin","note":"Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (including DIPG). Radiation-only remains standard as more than 200 agents fail to add benefit.","from":"dipg-dmg","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"WT1 cloned (Call, Gessler)","note":"Wilms tumour (nephroblastoma). First Wilms tumour gene; also links to WAGR and Denys-Drash.","from":"wilms-tumor","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Annals of Oncology founded","note":"Elsevier","from":"annals-of-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Cancer causes & control founded","note":"Springer","from":"cancer-causes-and-control","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Monographs founded","note":"Oxford University Press","from":"jnci-monographs","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Seminars in cancer biology founded","note":"Elsevier (Academic Press)","from":"seminars-in-cancer-biology","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis","note":"Fearon ER, Vogelstein B. Cell.","from":"paper-fearon-cell","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Levamisole and fluorouracil for adjuvant therapy of resected colon carcinoma","note":"Moertel CG, Fleming TR, Macdonald JS, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-moertel-levamisole-fluorouracil-adjuvant-colon-nejm-1990","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"In search of the 'missing self': MHC molecules and NK cell recognition","note":"Immunology Today","from":"hans-gustaf-ljunggren","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as a therapeutic strategy","note":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","from":"timothy-eberlein","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Colorectal cancer screening (colonoscopy, FIT, stool DNA, blood)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"colorectal-screening","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Downstream purification (Protein A capture, viral clearance, polishing)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"downstream-purification-chromatography","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Endoscopic resection (EMR / ESD)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"endoscopic-resection","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Gamma probes, handheld gamma cameras and dose calibrators","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"gamma-probes-dose-calibrators","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"HIPEC perfusion pumps and PIPAC nebulisers","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"hipec-pipac-devices","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Immunonutrition before cancer surgery","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"immunonutrition-perioperative","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"In vivo dosimetry and patient-specific quality assurance","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"in-vivo-dosimetry","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"1990","precision":"year","title":"Proton therapy machines: cyclotrons, synchrotrons and single-room systems","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"proton-therapy-systems","refs":[]}]},"route":"/years/1990/","neighbours":{"year":[{"id":"1989","kind":"year","name":"1989 in oncology","route":"/years/1989/"},{"id":"1991","kind":"year","name":"1991 in oncology","route":"/years/1991/"}]}}