{"entity":{"id":"2001","kind":"year","name":"2001 in oncology","aka":["2001"],"tldr":"Everything OnCo dates to 2001: 85 entries, 16 landmarks, 15 papers, 15 papers listed on people's pages and 13 approvals. Each line links to the record it was read from, so the year is a view of the corpus rather than a second copy of it.","summary":"85 dated entries in OnCo fall in 2001: 16 landmarks, 15 papers, 15 papers listed on people's pages, 13 approvals, 13 companies founded, 6 journals founded, 4 technologies, 2 trials reported and 1 regulatory event.\n\nOf those, 1 to the day and 84 to the year only. Most of the corpus dates a fact to the year, because that is what the source it was read from gives; regulatory events and the readout calendar are the parts that carry a full date.\n\nEverything on this page is generated from the other records. It holds no fact of its own, and it changes when they do.","asOf":"2026-09-25","links":[],"tags":[],"related":["2000","2002"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Generated from every dated field in the corpus, not written by hand. The groups and the fields behind them are listed in src/lib/year-groups.ts; the reader is src/lib/years.ts."],"year":2001,"events":[{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Alemtuzumab approved in EU","note":"B-CLL after fludarabine (MabCampath; authorisation withdrawn 2012)","from":"alemtuzumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Alemtuzumab approved in US","note":"B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (single agent)","from":"alemtuzumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Bexarotene approved in EU","note":"Skin manifestations of advanced-stage CTCL refractory to at least one systemic treatment","from":"bexarotene","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Capecitabine approved in EU","note":"Colorectal, gastric and breast cancer","from":"capecitabine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Darbepoetin alfa approved in EU","note":"Anaemia of chronic renal failure; symptomatic anaemia in adults with non-myeloid malignancies receiving chemotherapy (Aranesp)","from":"darbepoetin-alfa","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Darbepoetin alfa approved in US","note":"Anaemia of chronic kidney disease","from":"darbepoetin-alfa","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Gemcitabine approved in UK","note":"Pancreatic cancer: NICE TA25 (8 May 2001), since replaced by the NG85 guideline, which recommends gemcitabine alone for people not well enough for combination chemotherapy (1.9.6)...","from":"gemcitabine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib approved in US","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia","from":"imatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Rasburicase approved in EU","note":"Treatment and prophylaxis of acute hyperuricaemia in haematological malignancy with high tumour burden (Fasturtec)","from":"rasburicase","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Temoporfin approved in EU","note":"Palliative treatment of advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma failing prior therapy and unsuitable for radiotherapy, surgery or chemotherapy","from":"temoporfin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"UroVysion Bladder Cancer Kit approved in US","note":"Monitoring for recurrence in patients with previously diagnosed bladder cancer","from":"urovysion","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Zoledronic acid approved in EU","note":"Prevention of skeletal-related events in advanced malignancies involving bone; tumour-induced hypercalcaemia","from":"zoledronic-acid","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Zoledronic acid approved in US","note":"Hypercalcaemia of malignancy","from":"zoledronic-acid","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Aeterna Zentaris founded","note":"Frankfurt","from":"aeterna-zentaris","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Alligator Bioscience founded","note":"Lund","from":"alligator-bioscience","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Aurigene Oncology founded","note":"Bengaluru","from":"aurigene","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"CellSeed founded","note":"Tokyo","from":"cellseed","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Chipscreen Biosciences founded","note":"Shenzhen","from":"chipscreen","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Diffusion Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Charlottesville, VA","from":"diffusion-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"EnGeneIC founded","note":"Sydney","from":"engeneic","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Infinity Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Cambridge, MA","from":"infinity-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Pacific Edge founded","note":"Dunedin","from":"pacific-edge","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Pieris Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Boston, Massachusetts","from":"pieris-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Takeda Ventures founded","note":"Cambridge, MA","from":"takeda-ventures","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Threshold Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"San Francisco, CA","from":"threshold-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Vision RT founded","note":"London","from":"vision-rt","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Adsay and colleagues define colloid carcinoma of the pancreas (17 cases)","note":"Colloid (mucinous non-cystic) carcinoma of the pancreas","from":"pancreatic-colloid-carcinoma","refs":["tumour-grade"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusion identified as the defining alteration","note":"Alveolar soft part sarcoma","from":"alveolar-soft-part-sarcoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Beta-catenin and APC alterations link pancreatoblastoma to the Wnt pathway and to familial adenomatous polyposis","note":"Pancreatoblastoma","from":"pancreatoblastoma","refs":["wnt"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"COMS: brachytherapy equals enucleation for medium tumours","note":"Uveal melanoma","from":"uveal-melanoma","refs":["brachytherapy"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Cytoreductive nephrectomy improves survival with interferon (SWOG 8949)","note":"Renal cell carcinoma","from":"rcc","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Dutch TME trial separates local control from survival","note":"Colorectal cancer. 1,861 patients; two-year local recurrence 2.4 versus 8.2 percent with preoperative radiotherapy, two-year survival identical at 82.0 versus 81.8 percent.","from":"colorectal","refs":["paper-kapiteijn-dutch-tme-preoperative-radiotherapy-nejm-2001"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"EORTC 10873: breast conservation with radiotherapy for Paget disease","note":"Paget disease of the nipple","from":"paget-disease-of-the-nipple","refs":["lumpectomy"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"First GIST patient treated with imatinib responds (Joensuu)","note":"KIT exon 11-mutant GIST","from":"gist-kit-exon-11","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib approved","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). FDA approval in under three months; IRIS (2003) confirms superiority over interferon-cytarabine.","from":"cml","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib approved","note":"Leukaemia (all types). The first kinase inhibitor and the model for targeted therapy.","from":"leukaemia","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib approved for chronic myeloid leukaemia","note":"Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (Ph-positive ALL)","from":"all-paediatric-ph-positive","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib produces responses in blast phase, though short-lived","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia, accelerated and blast phase","from":"cml-advanced-phase","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"PanIN nomenclature agreed for the microscopic precursor lesions","note":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Eight pathologists had used more than 70 terms for 35 duct lesions; the working group adopted pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia grades 1 to 3...","from":"pancreatic","refs":["panin","paper-hruban-panin-nomenclature-ajsp-2001"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"WHO classification lists primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma as a separate entity","note":"Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma","from":"primary-mediastinal-b-cell-lymphoma","refs":["non-hodgkin-lymphoma"]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"WHO classification of mastocytosis","note":"Systemic mastocytosis. Valent criteria; imatinib found inactive against D816V.","from":"systemic-mastocytosis","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"WHO creates the MDS/MPN category","note":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia and MDS/MPN overlap neoplasms. CMML, atypical CML and JMML grouped as overlap neoplasms.","from":"cmml","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"BMC cancer founded","note":"BMC (Springer Nature)","from":"bmc-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Clinical colorectal cancer founded","note":"Elsevier","from":"clinical-colorectal-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Current cancer drug targets founded","note":"Bentham Science Publishers","from":"current-cancer-drug-targets","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Expert review of anticancer therapy founded","note":"Taylor & Francis","from":"expert-review-of-anticancer-therapy","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Molecular Cancer Therapeutics founded","note":"American Association for Cancer Research","from":"molecular-cancer-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Nature Reviews Cancer founded","note":"Springer Nature","from":"nature-reviews-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Balkwill and Mantovani 2001: inflammation and cancer, back to Virchow?","note":"Balkwill F, Mantovani A. The Lancet.","from":"paper-balkwill-mantovani-inflammation-virchow-lancet-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Chemoradiotherapy after surgery compared with surgery alone for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction","note":"Macdonald JS, Smalley SR, Benedetti J, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-macdonald-n-engl-j-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"EGFR and cancer prognosis","note":"Nicholson RI, Gee JM, Harper ME. European Journal of Cancer.","from":"paper-egfr-gastric-eur-j-cancer-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Esthesioneuroblastoma: a meta-analysis and review","note":"Dulguerov P, Allal AS, Calcaterra TC. The Lancet Oncology.","from":"paper-dulguerov-esthesioneuroblastoma-meta-analysis-lancet-oncol-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"First imatinib trial: a pill that switched off the enzyme driving chronic myeloid leukaemia","note":"Druker BJ, Talpaz M, Resta DJ, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-druker-imatinib-phase1-nejm-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Gene expression patterns of breast carcinomas distinguish tumor subclasses with clinical implications","note":"Sørlie T, Perou CM, Tibshirani R, et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.","from":"paper-sorlie-breast-carcinoma-subclasses-pnas-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"IFNgamma and lymphocytes prevent primary tumour development and shape tumour immunogenicity","note":"Shankaran V, Ikeda H, Bruce AT, et al. Nature.","from":"paper-shankaran-nature","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: a new nomenclature and classification system for pancreatic duct lesions","note":"Hruban RH, Adsay NV, Albores-Saavedra J, et al. American Journal of Surgical Pathology.","from":"paper-hruban-panin-nomenclature-ajsp-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer (Dutch TME trial)","note":"Kapiteijn E, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-kapiteijn-dutch-tme-preoperative-radiotherapy-nejm-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Reya 2001: stem cells, cancer and cancer stem cells","note":"Reya T, Morrison SJ, Clarke MF, Weissman IL. Nature.","from":"paper-reya-cancer-stem-cells-nature-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Slamon 2001: adding trastuzumab to chemotherapy for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer","note":"Slamon DJ, Leyland-Jones B, Shak S, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-slamon-trastuzumab-nejm-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"The der(17)t(X;17) of alveolar soft part sarcoma fuses TFE3 to ASPL","note":"Ladanyi M, Lui MY, Antonescu CR, et al. Oncogene.","from":"paper-ladanyi-aspl-tfe3-oncogene-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"The effect of group psychosocial support on survival in metastatic breast cancer","note":"Goodwin PJ, Leszcz M, Ennis M, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-goodwin-n-engl-j-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"The first PROTAC: a chimeric molecule that tags a protein for destruction","note":"Sakamoto KM, Kim KB, Kumagai A, Mercurio F, Crews CM, Deshaies RJ. PNAS.","from":"paper-protac-concept-sakamoto-pnas-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Yarden and Sliwkowski 2001: untangling the ErbB signalling network","note":"Yarden Y, Sliwkowski MX. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology.","from":"paper-yarden-sliwkowski-erbb-network-nrmcb-2001","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Chromosome translocations: dangerous liaisons revisited","note":"Nature Reviews Cancer","from":"janet-rowley","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Chronic hypoxia modulates tumour cell radioresponse through cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase","note":"Br J Cancer","from":"mark-de-ridder","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Clinical resistance to STI-571 cancer therapy caused by BCR-ABL gene mutation or amplification","note":"Science","from":"charles-sawyers","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Comparison of oral capecitabine versus intravenous fluorouracil plus leucovorin as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer","note":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","from":"hoff-paulo","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"HIFα targeted for VHL-mediated destruction by proline hydroxylation: implications for O2 sensing","note":"Science","from":"william-kaelin","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Impaired healing of pancreatic anastomoses (in Czech)","note":"Rozhledy v chirurgii","from":"petr-poloucek","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Involvement of the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor receptor c-met and of Bcl-xL in the resistance of oropharyngeal cancer to ionizing radiation","note":"International Journal of Cancer","from":"daniel-aebersold","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Oral Contraceptives and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction","note":"New England Journal of Medicine","from":"maurice-van-den-bosch","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation","note":"Nature Immunology","from":"gordon-freeman","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Prediction of response to preoperative chemotherapy in adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction by metabolic imaging","note":"JCO","from":"wolfgang-weber","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Radiation induced CNS toxicity – molecular and cellular mechanisms","note":"British Journal of Cancer","from":"claus-belka","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Studies on human colon cancer gene APC by targeted expression in Drosophila","note":"Oncogene","from":"ls-shashidhara","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Tamoxifen and Breast Cancer Incidence Among Women With Inherited Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2","note":"JAMA","from":"mary-claire-king","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"The Evolution of Palliative Care","note":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","from":"cicely-saunders","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2","note":"New England Journal of Medicine","from":"dennis-slamon","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Capsule endoscopy (PillCam, EndoCapsule, CapsoCam)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"capsule-endoscopy-systems","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Enhanced recovery (ERAS) and perioperative nutrition","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"eras-perioperative-nutrition","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"PET/CT","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"pet-ct","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Small-molecule kinase inhibitors","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"kinase-inhibitors","refs":[]},{"group":"trial","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"Dutch TME trial reported","note":"Local recurrence at two years 2.4 against 8.2 percent; no survival difference.","from":"dutch-tme-trial","refs":["colorectal","rectal-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2001","precision":"year","title":"INT-0116 (Macdonald trial) reported","note":"Median overall survival 36 vs 27 months (hazard ratio 0.74).","from":"int-0116","refs":["gastric","fluorouracil","leucovorin"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2001-05-10","precision":"day","title":"Imatinib: approval (US)","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia: first targeted kinase inhibitor, approved in under 3 months","from":"imatinib","refs":[]}]},"route":"/years/2001/","neighbours":{"year":[{"id":"2000","kind":"year","name":"2000 in oncology","route":"/years/2000/"},{"id":"2002","kind":"year","name":"2002 in oncology","route":"/years/2002/"}]}}