{"entity":{"id":"2003","kind":"year","name":"2003 in oncology","aka":["2003"],"tldr":"Everything OnCo dates to 2003: 104 entries, 30 landmarks, 24 papers listed on people's pages, 20 papers and 9 approvals. Each line links to the record it was read from, so the year is a view of the corpus rather than a second copy of it.","summary":"104 dated entries in OnCo fall in 2003: 30 landmarks, 24 papers listed on people's pages, 20 papers, 9 approvals, 9 companies founded, 6 journals founded, 3 technologies and 3 trials reported.\n\nOf those, 104 to the year only. Most of the corpus dates a fact to the year, because that is what the source it was read from gives; regulatory events and the readout calendar are the parts that carry a full date.\n\nEverything on this page is generated from the other records. It holds no fact of its own, and it changes when they do.","asOf":"2026-09-25","links":[],"tags":[],"related":["2002","2004"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Generated from every dated field in the corpus, not written by hand. The groups and the fields behind them are listed in src/lib/year-groups.ts; the reader is src/lib/years.ts."],"year":2003,"events":[{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Abarelix approved in US","note":"Advanced symptomatic prostate cancer in men who cannot take GnRH agonists (restricted programme). Withdrawn from the US market in 2005","from":"abarelix","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Aprepitant (and fosaprepitant) approved in EU","note":"Prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (Emend); Ivemend 2008","from":"aprepitant","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Aprepitant (and fosaprepitant) approved in US","note":"Prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (moderately emetogenic added 2005; paediatric suspension 2015)","from":"aprepitant","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Bortezomib approved in US","note":"Relapsed myeloma (accelerated)","from":"bortezomib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Busulfan approved in EU","note":"Conditioning before haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (Busilvex)","from":"busulfan","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Gefitinib approved in US","note":"NSCLC after chemotherapy (accelerated; restricted 2005)","from":"gefitinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Memantine approved in US","note":"Moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (use as a neuroprotectant during whole-brain radiotherapy is off-label)","from":"memantine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Palonosetron approved in US","note":"Acute and delayed nausea and vomiting with moderately emetogenic chemotherapy; acute with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (paediatric from 1 month added 2014)","from":"palonosetron","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Pegvisomant approved in US","note":"Acromegaly with inadequate response to surgery or radiotherapy and other medical therapies","from":"pegvisomant","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Agendia founded","note":"Amsterdam / Irvine, CA","from":"agendia","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Ambrx founded","note":"La Jolla, California","from":"ambrx","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Aosaikang Pharmaceutical founded","note":"Nanjing","from":"aosaikang-pharmaceutical","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Betta Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Hangzhou","from":"betta","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Innovative Therapies for Children with Cancer (ITCC) founded","note":"Villejuif","from":"itcc","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"MDxHealth founded","note":"Irvine, CA / Herstal","from":"mdxhealth","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Nanobiotix founded","note":"Paris, France","from":"nanobiotix","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Nobelpharma founded","note":"Tokyo","from":"nobelpharma","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"SARC (Sarcoma Alliance for Research through Collaboration) founded","note":"Ann Arbor, Michigan","from":"sarc","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Bortezomib approved","note":"Multiple myeloma","from":"multiple-myeloma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Bortezomib approved for relapsed myeloma: the first proteasome inhibitor","note":"Relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma","from":"myeloma-relapsed-refractory","refs":["bortezomib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Bortezomib approved; proteasome inhibition enters induction","note":"Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, transplant-eligible","from":"myeloma-transplant-eligible","refs":["bortezomib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Bortezomib: first proteasome inhibitor approved","note":"Multiple myeloma","from":"multiple-myeloma","refs":["bortezomib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"BRAF V600E found in ~45% of papillary thyroid cancers","note":"Thyroid cancer","from":"thyroid","refs":["braf"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"BRAF V600E found in papillary thyroid cancer","note":"Papillary thyroid cancer","from":"papillary-thyroid-cancer","refs":["braf"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Brain as the first site of progression on trastuzumab described","note":"HER2-positive breast cancer with brain metastases","from":"her2-positive-breast-brain-metastases","refs":["trastuzumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"BRCA1 carriers' tumours shown to be basal-like","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Sørlie's independent data sets and Foulkes's cytokeratin 5/6 stain (odds ratio 9.0) linked hereditary and basal-like disease; Atchley (2008) f...","from":"tnbc","refs":["paper-sorlie-repeated-observation-subtypes-brca1-basal-pnas-2003","paper-foulkes-brca1-basal-phenotype-jnci-2003","paper-atchley-brca-status-triple-negative-jco-2008","germline-testing"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"BRD4-NUT fusion cloned","note":"NUT carcinoma (midline carcinoma with NUTM1 rearrangement). French and colleagues identify the fusion gene.","from":"nut-carcinoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"CRTC1-MAML2 fusion identified as the defining genetic event","note":"Mucoepidermoid carcinoma","from":"mucoepidermoid-carcinoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"CRTC1-MAML2 fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (Tonon)","note":"Salivary gland cancers","from":"salivary-gland","refs":["gene-fusion"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Cytoreduction with heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal disease","note":"Colorectal cancer. Verwaal, 105 patients: median survival 22.3 versus 12.6 months, at 8 percent treatment-related mortality.","from":"colorectal","refs":["paper-verwaal-cytoreduction-hipec-peritoneal-colorectal-jco-2003","hipec"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"EMPHACIS: pemetrexed-cisplatin improves survival","note":"Mesothelioma","from":"mesothelioma","refs":["pemetrexed"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Fan describes the six growth patterns that predict behaviour","note":"Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (nodular lymphocyte-predominant B-cell lymphoma)","from":"nodular-lymphocyte-predominant-hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Favourable subsets codified (Pavlidis, Fizazi)","note":"Cancer of unknown primary (CUP)","from":"cancer-of-unknown-primary","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Gene expression profiling shows its kinship with classical Hodgkin lymphoma and the 9p24.1 lesion","note":"Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma","from":"primary-mediastinal-b-cell-lymphoma","refs":["hodgkin-lymphoma","pdl1","jak2"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"GHSG HD9: escalated BEACOPP improves outcomes over standard regimens","note":"Advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma (stage III to IV)","from":"advanced-stage-classical-hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":["abvd-beacopp","gbg"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Heinrich identifies PDGFRA mutations in KIT wild-type GIST","note":"PDGFRA D842V-mutant GIST","from":"gist-pdgfra-d842v","refs":["pdgfra"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"INT-0091: adding ifosfamide-etoposide improves survival (Grier, NEJM)","note":"Ewing sarcoma","from":"ewing-sarcoma","refs":["ifosfamide","etoposide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"INT-0091: ifosfamide-etoposide added to Ewing sarcoma therapy","note":"Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)","from":"sarcoma","refs":["int-0091"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"IRIS: imatinib beats interferon plus cytarabine","note":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia, chronic phase","from":"cml-chronic-phase","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Neoadjuvant MVAC improves survival before cystectomy (SWOG 8710)","note":"Muscle-invasive and advanced bladder cancer","from":"muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer","refs":["cisplatin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"PDGFRA mutations in KIT-wild-type GIST (Heinrich, Science)","note":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)","from":"gist","refs":["pdgfra"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Pemetrexed-cisplatin improves survival","note":"Pleural mesothelioma","from":"pleural-mesothelioma","refs":["pemetrexed"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"RTOG 91-11: concurrent cisplatin chemoradiation best for larynx preservation","note":"Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer","from":"laryngeal-cancer","refs":["rtog-91-11"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"RTOG 91-11: concurrent cisplatin chemoradiation preserves the larynx best","note":"Hypopharyngeal cancer","from":"hypopharyngeal-cancer","refs":["rtog-91-11"]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Seidman shows most 'mucinous ovarian cancers' are metastases from the gut","note":"Mucinous ovarian cancer","from":"mucinous-ovarian-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"SIOP PNET3: chemotherapy before radiotherapy improves event-free survival","note":"Group 3 and group 4 medulloblastoma (non-WNT/non-SHH)","from":"medulloblastoma-group-3-4","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Somatic and germline CDC73 mutations in sporadic parathyroid carcinoma","note":"Parathyroid carcinoma. Shattuck and colleagues, NEJM.","from":"parathyroid-carcinoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"SWOG 8710: neoadjuvant MVAC before cystectomy improves survival","note":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","from":"urothelial","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Cancer science founded","note":"Wiley","from":"cancer-science","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Clinical advances in hematology & oncology founded","note":"Millennium Medical Publishing","from":"clinical-advances-in-hematology-and-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Esophagus founded","note":"Springer","from":"esophagus-journal","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network founded","note":"Harborside","from":"jnccn","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Veterinary and comparative oncology founded","note":"Wiley","from":"veterinary-and-comparative-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"World journal of surgical oncology founded","note":"BMC (Springer Nature)","from":"world-journal-of-surgical-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study of RMP-7 in combination with carboplatin administered intravenously for the treatment of recurrent...","note":"Prados MD, Schold SC, Fine HA, et al. Neuro-Oncology.","from":"paper-carboplatin-glioblastoma-neuro-oncol-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Al-Hajj 2003: prospective identification of tumorigenic breast cancer cells","note":"Al-Hajj M, Wicha MS, Benito-Hernandez A, Morrison SJ, Clarke MF. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.","from":"paper-al-hajj-breast-cancer-stem-cells-pnas-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Calle 2003: overweight, obesity and death from cancer in 900,000 US adults","note":"Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-calle-obesity-cancer-mortality-nejm-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Congestive heart failure in patients treated with doxorubicin: a retrospective analysis of three trials","note":"Swain SM, Whaley FS, Ewer MS. Cancer.","from":"paper-swain-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Development of potent monoclonal antibody auristatin conjugates for cancer therapy","note":"Doronina SO, Toki BE, Torgov MY, et al. Nature Biotechnology.","from":"paper-doronina-nat-biotechnol","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Germline BRCA1 mutations and a basal epithelial phenotype in breast cancer","note":"Foulkes WD, Stefansson IM, Chappuis PO, et al. Journal of the National Cancer Institute.","from":"paper-foulkes-brca1-basal-phenotype-jnci-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"IRIS: imatinib versus interferon plus cytarabine as first treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia","note":"O'Brien SG, Guilhot F, Larson RA, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-iris-imatinib-nejm-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Kinase mutations and imatinib response in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumour","note":"Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Demetri GD, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.","from":"paper-heinrich-kit-mutation-imatinib-response-jco-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"PDGFRA activating mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumours","note":"Heinrich MC, Corless CL, Duensing A, et al. Science.","from":"paper-heinrich-pdgfra-gist-science-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Phase 3 trial of pemetrexed plus cisplatin versus cisplatin alone in malignant pleural mesothelioma","note":"Vogelzang NJ, Rusthoven JJ, Symanowski J, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.","from":"paper-vogelzang-pemetrexed-mesothelioma-jco-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Randomized trial of cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy and palliative surgery in patients with peritoneal...","note":"Verwaal VJ, van Ruth S, de Bree E, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.","from":"paper-verwaal-cytoreduction-hipec-peritoneal-colorectal-jco-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Randomized trial of dose-dense versus conventionally scheduled and sequential versus concurrent combination chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant treatment of...","note":"Citron ML, Berry DA, Cirrincione C, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.","from":"paper-citron-j-clin-oncol","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets","note":"Sørlie T, Tibshirani R, Parker J, et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.","from":"paper-sorlie-repeated-observation-subtypes-brca1-basal-pnas-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"RTOG 91-11: concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for organ preservation in advanced laryngeal cancer","note":"Forastiere AA, Goepfert H, Maor M, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-rtog-91-11-forastiere-nejm-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Somatic and germ-line mutations of the HRPT2 gene in sporadic parathyroid carcinoma","note":"Shattuck TM, Välimäki S, Obara T, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-shattuck-n-engl-j-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"SWOG 8710: neoadjuvant MVAC chemotherapy before cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer","note":"Grossman HB, Natale RB, Tangen CM, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-swog-8710-neoadjuvant-mvac-nejm-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"The pathogenesis of cancer metastasis: the 'seed and soil' hypothesis revisited","note":"Fidler IJ. Nature Reviews Cancer.","from":"paper-fidler-nat-rev-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"The t(11;19) translocation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma creates a CRTC1-MAML2 fusion","note":"Tonon G, Modi S, Wu L, et al. Nature Genetics.","from":"paper-tonon-crtc1-maml2-nat-genet-2003","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Translation of highly promising basic science research into clinical applications","note":"Contopoulos-Ioannidis DG, Ntzani E, Ioannidis JP. The American journal of medicine.","from":"paper-contopoulos-ioannidis-am-j-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Tumorigenesis and the angiogenic switch","note":"Bergers G, Benjamin LE. Nature Reviews Cancer.","from":"paper-bergers-nat-rev-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risks Due to Inherited Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2","note":"Science","from":"mary-claire-king","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells preserve graft-versus-tumor activity while inhibiting graft-versus-host disease after bone marrow transplantation","note":"Nature Medicine","from":"robert-negrin","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"CD56bright natural killer cells are present in human lymph nodes and are activated by T cell-derived IL-2: a potential new link between adaptive and innate immu...","note":"Blood","from":"michael-caligiuri","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Cognitive Outcome of Long-Term Survivors of Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: A Single-Institution, Cross-Sectional Study","note":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","from":"vasanta-nanduri","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Complexes between the LKB1 tumor suppressor, STRAD alpha/beta and MO25 alpha/beta are upstream kinases in the AMP-activated protein kinase cascade","note":"J Biol","from":"tomi-p-makela","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer","note":"NEJM","from":"nubia-munoz","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Frequency of major molecular responses to imatinib or interferon alfa plus cytarabine in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia (IRIS)","note":"NEJM","from":"timothy-hughes","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Global analysis of protein expression in 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Oncology*Biology*Physics","from":"philippe-bergerot","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Metástases intestinais de melanoma","note":"Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões","from":"flavio-tomasich","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"Multicomponent analysis of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression model using a pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissue microarray","note":"Modern Pathology","from":"anirban-maitra","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"New prognostic factors and developing therapy of cutaneous melanoma","note":"Annals of Medicine","from":"pia-vihinen","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"NF-kappaB inhibition impairs the radioresponse of hypoxic EMT-6 tumour cells through downregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase","note":"Br J 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treatment-related mortality.","from":"netherlands-hipec","refs":["colorectal","mitomycin","fluorouracil","leucovorin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2003","precision":"year","title":"RTOG 91-11 reported","note":"Larynx preservation at 2 years 88% (concurrent) vs 75% (induction) vs 70% (radiotherapy alone).","from":"rtog-91-11","refs":["head-and-neck","laryngeal-cancer","cisplatin","fluorouracil"]}]},"route":"/years/2003/","neighbours":{"year":[{"id":"2002","kind":"year","name":"2002 in oncology","route":"/years/2002/"},{"id":"2004","kind":"year","name":"2004 in oncology","route":"/years/2004/"}]}}