{"entity":{"id":"2011","kind":"year","name":"2011 in oncology","aka":["2011"],"tldr":"Everything OnCo dates to 2011: 222 entries, 58 papers, 56 landmarks, 46 papers listed on people's pages and 18 approvals. Each line links to the record it was read from, so the year is a view of the corpus rather than a second copy of it.","summary":"222 dated entries in OnCo fall in 2011: 58 papers, 56 landmarks, 46 papers listed on people's pages, 18 approvals, 12 trials reported, 10 companies founded, 9 technologies, 6 journals founded, 5 regulatory events and 2 laws and regulations.\n\nOf those, 5 to the day and 217 to the year only. Most of the corpus dates a fact to the year, because that is what the source it was read from gives; regulatory events and the readout calendar are the parts that carry a full date.\n\nEverything on this page is generated from the other records. It holds no fact of its own, and it changes when they do.","asOf":"2026-09-25","links":[],"tags":[],"related":["2010","2012"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Generated from every dated field in the corpus, not written by hand. The groups and the fields behind them are listed in src/lib/year-groups.ts; the reader is src/lib/years.ts."],"year":2011,"events":[{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Abiraterone acetate approved in US","note":"mCRPC after docetaxel","from":"abiraterone","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Aminolevulinic acid (topical, for photodynamic therapy) approved in EU","note":"Actinic keratosis; superficial and nodular basal cell carcinoma added 2017 (Ameluz)","from":"aminolevulinic-acid","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Brentuximab vedotin approved in US","note":"Relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma and systemic ALCL","from":"brentuximab-vedotin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Crizotinib approved in US","note":"ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC","from":"crizotinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Denosumab approved in EU","note":"Prevention of skeletal-related events in bone metastases and, later, multiple myeloma; giant cell tumour of bone (Xgeva)","from":"denosumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Eribulin approved in EU","note":"Metastatic breast cancer; liposarcoma (2016)","from":"eribulin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Everolimus approved in US","note":"Progressive pancreatic NETs","from":"everolimus","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"FOLFIRINOX / mFOLFIRINOX approved in Global","note":"Metastatic PDAC (PRODIGE 4 / ACCORD 11; component drugs generic)","from":"folfirinox","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Icotinib approved in China","note":"Advanced NSCLC after failure of at least one chemotherapy regimen (ICOGEN)","from":"icotinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ipilimumab approved in US","note":"Metastatic melanoma","from":"ipilimumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Optune / Optune Pax (TTFields) approved in US","note":"Recurrent glioblastoma (newly diagnosed 2015)","from":"optune","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Peginterferon alfa-2b approved in US","note":"Adjuvant treatment of melanoma with nodal involvement after complete resection (Sylatron). Discontinued; superseded by adjuvant checkpoint and targeted therapy","from":"peginterferon-alfa-2b","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Romidepsin approved in US","note":"Peripheral T-cell lymphoma after ≥1 therapy. Withdrawn 2021 after Ro-CHOP","from":"romidepsin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ruxolitinib approved in US","note":"Intermediate/high-risk myelofibrosis","from":"ruxolitinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Sunitinib approved in US","note":"Progressive pancreatic NETs","from":"sunitinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Tegafur, gimeracil and oteracil (S-1) approved in EU","note":"Advanced gastric cancer with cisplatin; metastatic colorectal cancer intolerant of other fluoropyrimidines added 2022 (Teysuno)","from":"tegafur-gimeracil-oteracil","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Vandetanib approved in US","note":"Symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer","from":"vandetanib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Vemurafenib approved in US","note":"Unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600E melanoma","from":"vemurafenib","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology founded","note":"Chicago, IL","from":"alliance-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Butterfly Network founded","note":"Burlington, Massachusetts, United States","from":"butterfly-network","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"DCVC founded","note":"Palo Alto, CA","from":"dcvc","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Foresite Capital founded","note":"San Francisco, CA","from":"foresite-capital","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Haihe Biopharma founded","note":"Shanghai","from":"haihe-biopharma","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Hookipa Pharma founded","note":"Vienna","from":"hookipa-pharma","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Innovent Biologics founded","note":"Suzhou","from":"innovent","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Nonagen Bioscience founded","note":"Irvine, CA","from":"nonagen-bioscience","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"SBI Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Tokyo","from":"sbi-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"TaiRx founded","note":"Taipei","from":"tairx","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Abiraterone approved after docetaxel","note":"Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","from":"prostate-mcrpc","refs":["abiraterone"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Abiraterone approved; enzalutamide follows in 2012","note":"Prostate cancer. Proof that castration-resistant disease is still AR-driven.","from":"prostate","refs":["abiraterone","enzalutamide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Beltran finds AURKA and MYCN amplification in neuroendocrine prostate cancer","note":"Neuroendocrine and small-cell prostate cancer","from":"prostate-nepc","refs":["myc"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Bevacizumab improves PFS (GOG-0218, ICON7)","note":"Ovarian cancer","from":"ovarian","refs":["gog-0218-icon7","bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Bevacizumab improves progression-free survival (GOG-0218, ICON7)","note":"High-grade serous ovarian cancer","from":"high-grade-serous-ovarian-cancer","refs":["bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"BRAF V600E found in all classic HCL (Tiacci, NEJM)","note":"Hairy cell leukaemia","from":"hairy-cell-leukemia","refs":["braf"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Brentuximab vedotin approved","note":"Hodgkin lymphoma","from":"hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":["brentuximab-vedotin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Brentuximab vedotin approved for ALCL","note":"Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)","from":"peripheral-t-cell-lymphoma","refs":["brentuximab-vedotin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Brentuximab vedotin approved for relapsed disease; CD30 validated as an ADC target","note":"Hodgkin lymphoma","from":"hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":["brentuximab-vedotin","cd30"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Brentuximab vedotin approved for relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma after transplant","note":"Relapsed and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma","from":"relapsed-refractory-hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":["brentuximab-vedotin","cd30"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"BRIM-3: vemurafenib beats dacarbazine; first BRAF inhibitor approved","note":"BRAF V600-mutant melanoma","from":"braf-v600-melanoma","refs":["vemurafenib","dacarbazine"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cetuximab activity in unresectable cSCC (phase 2)","note":"Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","from":"cutaneous-scc","refs":["cetuximab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cetuximab phase 2: responses in about a quarter of unresectable tumours","note":"Advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","from":"advanced-cutaneous-scc","refs":["cetuximab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Chest radiography is shown to do nothing","note":"Lung cancer (all types). PLCO randomised 154,901 people to four annual chest X-rays or usual care: 1,213 lung cancer deaths against 1,230 after 13 years.","from":"lung-cancer","refs":["paper-plco-chest-radiograph-lung-cancer-mortality-jama-2011","paper-nlst-nejm-2011"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Colloid versus tubular histology shown to decide the outcome of invasive IPMN","note":"Invasive carcinoma arising in an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN-associated carcinoma)","from":"ipmn-associated-carcinoma","refs":["pancreatic-colloid-carcinoma"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Crizotinib approved four years after the fusion was found","note":"ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"alk-positive-nsclc","refs":["crizotinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Everolimus (RADIANT-3) and sunitinib approved for pancreatic NETs","note":"Neuroendocrine tumours","from":"neuroendocrine","refs":["radiant-3-4","everolimus","sunitinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"EXPeRT pooled analysis defines outcomes and the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and complete resection","note":"Pancreatoblastoma","from":"pancreatoblastoma","refs":["cisplatin","doxorubicin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"FOLFIRINOX proves active in metastatic disease and is taken up as a neoadjuvant regimen","note":"Borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"borderline-resectable-pdac","refs":["folfirinox","paper-conroy-folfirinox-pancreatic-nejm-2011"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"FOLFIRINOX result in metastatic disease is adopted as induction for locally advanced tumours","note":"Locally advanced unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"locally-advanced-pdac","refs":["folfirinox","paper-conroy-folfirinox-pancreatic-nejm-2011"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"FOLFIRINOX: OS 11.1 vs 6.8 months","note":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PRODIGE 4 / ACCORD 11 establishes combination chemotherapy for fit patients.","from":"pancreatic","refs":["folfirinox"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"GNAS mutations define the IPMN pathway; the first expression subtypes","note":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. GNAS R201 in 66% of IPMNs and carried into the invasive cancer; Collisson's classical, quasi-mesenchymal and exocrine-like classes.","from":"pancreatic","refs":["paper-wu-gnas-ipmn-sci-transl-med-2011","paper-wu-pancreatic-cyst-exomes-rnf43-pnas-2011","paper-collisson-pancreatic-subtypes-nat-med-2011","gnas"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"GNAS mutations found in IPMNs, distinguishing them from other cysts","note":"Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and other pancreatic cystic precursors","from":"ipmn-cystic-precursors","refs":["cgp"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"GOG 174: pulsed actinomycin D beats weekly methotrexate on complete response","note":"Low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (FIGO score 0 to 6)","from":"low-risk-gtn","refs":["dactinomycin","methotrexate"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"HER2 amplification identified as a cause of anti-EGFR resistance in patient-derived xenografts","note":"HER2-amplified colorectal cancer","from":"her2-amplified-colorectal","refs":["her2","egfr"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"IDH1 and IDH2 mutations found in chondrosarcoma and enchondroma","note":"Chondrosarcoma","from":"chondrosarcoma","refs":["idh"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib phase 2 trials in KIT-mutant melanoma, many of them acral","note":"Acral melanoma","from":"acral-melanoma","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Imatinib phase 2 trials show responses in KIT-mutant melanoma","note":"Mucosal melanoma","from":"mucosal-melanoma","refs":["imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"International expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment","note":"Inflammatory breast cancer","from":"inflammatory-breast-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Invasive IPMN outcome shown to depend on colloid versus tubular histology","note":"Colloid (mucinous non-cystic) carcinoma of the pancreas","from":"pancreatic-colloid-carcinoma","refs":["ipmn-associated-carcinoma"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ipilimumab and vemurafenib approved","note":"Melanoma","from":"melanoma","refs":["ipilimumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ipilimumab and vemurafenib approved","note":"Melanoma. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy arrive in the same year.","from":"melanoma","refs":["vemurafenib","ipilimumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ipilimumab and vemurafenib approved for advanced melanoma","note":"Skin cancer (all types). The first checkpoint inhibitor and the first BRAF inhibitor, the two routes that transformed melanoma.","from":"skin-cancer","refs":["ipilimumab","vemurafenib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Japan Pancreas Society series of 156 MCNs with ovarian-type stroma","note":"Mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas with associated invasive carcinoma (MCN-associated carcinoma)","from":"mcn-associated-carcinoma","refs":["tumour-grade"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Long-term follow-up of the DES cohort confirms continued excess of clear cell adenocarcinoma and other harms","note":"Vaginal adenocarcinoma (including DES-associated clear cell adenocarcinoma)","from":"vaginal-adenocarcinoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"MARS 1: extrapleural pneumonectomy shows harm; practice shifts to lung-sparing surgery","note":"Mesothelioma","from":"mesothelioma","refs":["pleurectomy-decortication"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Neuroendocrine prostate cancer gets a molecular identity","note":"Prostate cancer. AURKA and MYCN are co-amplified in 40% of neuroendocrine prostate cancers against 5% of adenocarcinomas, and Aurora kinase inhibition switches off the neuroendocri...","from":"prostate","refs":["paper-beltran-nepc-aurka-mycn-cancer-discov-2011","aurka","mycn"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"NLST: low-dose CT screening cuts lung cancer mortality by 20 percent, finding more early-stage tumours","note":"Resectable stage I to III non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"resectable-nsclc","refs":["nlst-nelson","low-dose-ct-screening","paper-nlst-nejm-2011"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"NLST: low-dose CT screening reduces mortality 20%","note":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"nsclc","refs":["nlst-nelson","low-dose-ct-screening"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"PRIMA: rituximab maintenance","note":"Follicular lymphoma. Two years of maintenance doubles PFS after chemo-immunotherapy.","from":"follicular-lymphoma","refs":["rituximab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"PRODIGE 4/ACCORD 11: FOLFIRINOX lengthens survival over gemcitabine in fit patients","note":"Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"metastatic-pdac","refs":["folfirinox","thierry-conroy","paper-conroy-folfirinox-pancreatic-nejm-2011"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Prospective observation cohorts published","note":"Desmoid tumour. French Sarcoma Group and others show frequent spontaneous stabilisation, seeding the surveillance-first approach.","from":"desmoid-tumour","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"RADIANT-3 and the sunitinib phase 3 published; everolimus and sunitinib approved; MEN1, DAXX and ATRX mutations mapped by exome sequencing","note":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours","from":"pancreatic-net","refs":["radiant-3-4","everolimus","sunitinib","menin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Rossi and colleagues show clonally related transformation carries TP53 and NOTCH1 lesions and a poor outcome","note":"Richter transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","from":"richter-transformation-cll","refs":["tp53-mutated"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"RTOG 9410 long-term results: concurrent chemoradiation beats sequential","note":"Unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"stage-iii-unresectable-nsclc","refs":["chemoradiation","nrg-oncology"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ruxolitinib approved","note":"Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis). COMFORT-I/II: spleen and symptom benefit in myelofibrosis; the first JAK inhibitor.","from":"myeloproliferative-neoplasms","refs":["ruxolitinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Ruxolitinib approved: the first JAK inhibitor, after COMFORT-I and II","note":"Primary myelofibrosis","from":"primary-myelofibrosis","refs":["ruxolitinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Six molecular subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Lehmann and colleagues, 587 tumours: basal-like 1 and 2, immunomodulatory, mesenchymal, mesenchymal stem-like, luminal androgen receptor; refi...","from":"tnbc","refs":["paper-lehmann-tnbc-subtypes-jci-2011","paper-lehmann-tnbctype-4-refinement-plos-one-2016","paper-burstein-tnbc-genomic-subtypes-ccr-2015"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Surveillance endorsed as the preferred stage I option in Europe","note":"Seminoma","from":"seminoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"The National Lung Screening Trial proves screening works","note":"Lung cancer (all types). 53,454 Americans aged 55 to 74 with 30 or more pack-years were randomised to three annual low-dose CT scans or chest radiographs: 20.0 percent fewer lung c...","from":"lung-cancer","refs":["ct","low-dose-ct-screening"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Two posterior fossa groups discovered","note":"Ependymoma. Witt and colleagues (Cancer Cell) separate PF-A and PF-B by expression.","from":"ependymoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Vandetanib approved","note":"Medullary thyroid cancer","from":"medullary-thyroid-cancer","refs":["vandetanib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Vandetanib: first drug for medullary thyroid cancer","note":"Thyroid cancer","from":"thyroid","refs":["vandetanib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Vemurafenib alone fails in BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer; EGFR feedback identified the next year","note":"BRAF V600E-mutant colorectal cancer","from":"braf-v600e-colorectal","refs":["braf","egfr","scott-kopetz"]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"WWTR1-CAMTA1 fusion identified as the defining alteration","note":"Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma","from":"epithelioid-haemangioendothelioma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"WWTR1-CAMTA1 fusion identified in EHE","note":"Vascular tumours (angiosarcoma, epithelioid haemangioendothelioma, kaposiform haemangioendothelioma). Tanas and colleagues, Sci Transl Med; Errani and colleagues.","from":"vascular-tumours","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Blood cancer journal founded","note":"Springer Nature (Nature Portfolio)","from":"blood-cancer-journal","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cancer Discovery founded","note":"American Association for Cancer Research","from":"cancer-discovery","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cancer genetics founded","note":"Elsevier","from":"cancer-genetics","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cellular oncology founded","note":"Springer","from":"cellular-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Journal of adolescent and young adult oncology founded","note":"SAGE Publications","from":"journal-of-adolescent-and-young-adult-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"journal","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Practical radiation oncology founded","note":"Elsevier","from":"practical-radiation-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"law","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"AMNOG (Germany, 2011)","note":"Germany, statute.","from":"amnog","refs":[]},{"group":"law","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cancer Drugs Fund (England)","note":"United Kingdom, scheme.","from":"cancer-drugs-fund","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"A high prevalence of BRCA1 mutations among breast cancer patients from the Bahamas","note":"Donenberg T, Lunn J, Curling D, et al. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.","from":"paper-donenberg-bahamas-brca1-founder-bcrt-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"A molecularly annotated platform of patient-derived xenografts identifies HER2 as an effective therapeutic target in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer","note":"Bertotti A, Migliardi G, Galimi F, et al. Cancer Discovery.","from":"paper-bertotti-xenopatients-her2-cetuximab-resistant-colorectal-cancer-discov-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"A novel WWTR1-CAMTA1 gene fusion is a consistent abnormality in epithelioid haemangioendothelioma","note":"Errani C, Zhang L, Sung YS, et al. Genes, chromosomes & cancer.","from":"paper-errani-wwtr1-camta1-ehe-gcc-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Adjuvant trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer","note":"Slamon D, Eiermann W, Robert N, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-trastuzumab-breast-her2-positive-n-engl-j-med-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"An extent of resection threshold for newly diagnosed glioblastomas","note":"Sanai N, Polley MY, McDermott MW, et al. Journal of neurosurgery.","from":"paper-sanai-j-neurosurg","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Bien 2011: pancreatoblastoma, a report from the European cooperative study group for paediatric rare tumours (EXPeRT)","note":"Bien E, Godzinski J, Dall'igna P, et al. European Journal of Cancer.","from":"paper-bien-pancreatoblastoma-expert-european-cooperative-ejc-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"BRAF mutations in hairy-cell leukemia","note":"Tiacci E, Trifonov V, Schiavoni G, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-tiacci-n-engl-j-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"BRIM-3: improved survival with vemurafenib in melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation","note":"Chapman PB, Hauschild A, Robert C, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-chapman-vemurafenib-nejm-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cancer cell-selective in vivo near infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting specific membrane molecules","note":"Mitsunaga M, Ogawa M, Kosaka N, et al. Nature Medicine.","from":"paper-mitsunaga-nat-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cancer invasion and the microenvironment: plasticity and reciprocity","note":"Friedl P, Alexander S. Cell.","from":"paper-friedl-cell","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cancer tumors as Metazoa 1.0: tapping genes of ancient ancestors","note":"Davies PC, Lineweaver CH. Physical biology.","from":"paper-davies-phys-biol","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Cetuximab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: updated analysis of overall survival according...","note":"Van Cutsem E, Köhne CH, Láng I, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.","from":"paper-kras-colorectal-j-clin-oncol-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Choline metabolism in malignant transformation","note":"Glunde K, Bhujwalla ZM, Ronen SM. Nature Reviews Cancer.","from":"paper-glunde-nat-rev-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Conroy 2011: FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine for metastatic pancreatic cancer (PRODIGE 4/ACCORD 11)","note":"Conroy T, Desseigne F, Ychou M, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-conroy-folfirinox-pancreatic-nejm-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"COU-AA-301: abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after docetaxel","note":"de Bono JS, Logothetis CJ, Molina A, et al. New England Journal of Medicine.","from":"paper-cou-aa-301-abiraterone-de-bono-nejm-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus","note":"Fearon K, Strasser F, Anker SD, et al. The Lancet Oncology.","from":"paper-fearon-lancet-oncol","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Disulfide-linked antibody-maytansinoid conjugates: optimization of in vivo activity by varying the steric hindrance at carbon atoms adjacent to the disulfide li...","note":"Kellogg BA, Garrett L, Kovtun Y, et al. Bioconjugate chemistry.","from":"paper-kellogg-bioconjug-chem","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Effect of daily aspirin on long-term risk of death due to cancer: analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials","note":"Rothwell PM, Fowkes FG, Belch JF, et al. The Lancet.","from":"paper-rothwell-lancet","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in pediatric soft tissue sarcomas: first implications","note":"Ciarapica R, Miele L, Giordano A, et al. BMC medicine.","from":"paper-ezh2-sarcoma-bmc-med-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Epoetin theta with a new dosing schedule in anaemic cancer patients receiving nonplatinum-based chemotherapy: a randomised controlled trial (XM01-22)","note":"Tjulandin SA, Bias P, Elsässer R, et al. Archives of Drug Information.","from":"paper-xm01-22-tjulandin-arch-drug-inf-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Eribulin monotherapy versus treatment of physician's choice in patients with metastatic breast cancer (EMBRACE): a phase 3 open-label randomised study","note":"Cortes J, O'Shaughnessy J, Loesch D, et al. The Lancet.","from":"paper-cortes-lancet","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"First-line chemotherapy for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour versus other soft tissue sarcomas (EORTC pooled analysis)","note":"Kroep JR, Ouali M, Gelderblom H, et al. Annals of Oncology.","from":"paper-kroep-mpnst-first-line-chemotherapy-ann-oncol-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Genotypic and histological evolution of lung cancers acquiring resistance to EGFR inhibitors","note":"Sequist LV, Waltman BA, Dias-Santagata D, et al. 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European Journal of Cancer.","from":"paper-peter-thuss-patience-eur-j-cancer-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Targeted therapy with the T-cell-engaging antibody blinatumomab of chemotherapy-refractory minimal residual disease in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia pa...","note":"Topp MS, Kufer P, Gökbuget N, et al. Journal of Clinical Oncology.","from":"paper-blinatumomab-all-leukemia-j-clin-oncol-2011","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"The answer is 17 years, what is the question: understanding time lags in translational research","note":"Morris ZS, Wooding S, Grant J. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine.","from":"paper-morris-j-r-soc-med","refs":[]},{"group":"paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"The seed and soil hypothesis revisited--the role of tumor-stroma interactions in metastasis to different organs","note":"Langley RR, Fidler IJ. 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A phase II multicenter trial by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC...","note":"Annals of Oncology","from":"denis-lacombe","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Senescence surveillance of pre-malignant hepatocytes limits liver cancer development","note":"Nature","from":"lars-zender","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Sensitization of BCL-2–expressing breast tumors to chemotherapy by the BH3 mimetic ABT-737","note":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","from":"samantha-oakes","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"The underlying mechanism for the PARP and BRCA synthetic lethality: clearing up the misunderstandings","note":"Molecular Oncology","from":"thomas-helleday","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"The World Cancer Declaration: from resolution to action","note":"The Lancet Oncology","from":"cary-adams","refs":[]},{"group":"person-paper","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Vitamin E and the risk of prostate cancer: the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)","note":"JAMA","from":"eric-klein","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Contrast-enhanced mammography","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"contrast-enhanced-mammography","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Evolutionary game theory in cancer","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"evolutionary-game-theory-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"checkpoint-inhibitor","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Low-dose CT lung screening","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"low-dose-ct-screening","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"quantitative-systems-pharmacology","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Radiopharmaceutical GMP and releasing a drug that decays","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"radiopharmaceutical-gmp-release","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"The ADC supply chain (antibody, payload-linker, conjugation, fill)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"adc-supply-chain","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"TPMT and NUDT15 genotyping before thiopurines","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"tpmt-nudt15-genotyping","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Tumour treating fields (TTFields)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"ttfields","refs":[]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"CLEOPATRA reported","note":"OS 57.1 vs 40.8 months, HR 0.69.","from":"cleopatra","refs":["breast-her2-positive","pertuzumab","trastuzumab","docetaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"COU-AA-301 reported","note":"Median overall survival 14.8 against 10.9 months (hazard ratio 0.65, 95 percent confidence interval 0.54 to 0.77) with abiraterone after docetaxel; PSA response 29 against 6 percen...","from":"cou-aa-301","refs":["prostate","prostate-mcrpc","abiraterone","prednisone"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"GOG-0218 & ICON7 (bevacizumab) reported","note":"GOG-0218 PFS 14.1 vs 10.3 months (HR 0.72); no OS benefit.","from":"gog-0218-icon7","refs":["ovarian","bevacizumab","carboplatin","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"Interleukin 11, Thrombocytopenia, Imatinib in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Patients reported","from":"nct00493181","refs":["leukaemia","cml","oprelvekin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"MRC COIN reported","note":"No overall survival gain from adding cetuximab to oxaliplatin-based first-line chemotherapy, including in KRAS wild-type disease.","from":"coin","refs":["colorectal","cetuximab","folfox","capox"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"NLST & NELSON (low-dose CT screening) reported","note":"Lung cancer mortality reduced 20% (NLST) and 24% in men (NELSON).","from":"nlst-nelson","refs":["nsclc"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"OPUS reported","note":"In KRAS wild-type disease, progression-free survival hazard ratio 0.567 and response odds ratio 2.551 with cetuximab added.","from":"opus","refs":["colorectal","cetuximab","folfox","oxaliplatin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2011","precision":"year","title":"PRODIGE 4 / ACCORD 11 reported","note":"Median overall survival 11.1 months with FOLFIRINOX against 6.8 months with gemcitabine (hazard ratio 0.57, 95 percent confidence interval 0.45 to 0.73; 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