{"entity":{"id":"2014","kind":"year","name":"2014 in oncology","aka":["2014"],"tldr":"Everything OnCo dates to 2014: 355 entries, 91 papers listed on people's pages, 89 papers, 72 landmarks and 38 approvals. Each line links to the record it was read from, so the year is a view of the corpus rather than a second copy of it.","summary":"355 dated entries in OnCo fall in 2014: 91 papers listed on people's pages, 89 papers, 72 landmarks, 38 approvals, 37 trials reported, 11 companies founded, 9 regulatory events, 5 technologies, 2 journals founded and 1 law or regulation.\n\nOf those, 8 to the day, 1 to the month and 346 to the year only. Most of the corpus dates a fact to the year, because that is what the source it was read from gives; regulatory events and the readout calendar are the parts that carry a full date.\n\nEverything on this page is generated from the other records. It holds no fact of its own, and it changes when they do.","asOf":"2026-09-25","links":[],"tags":[],"related":["2013","2015"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Generated from every dated field in the corpus, not written by hand. The groups and the fields behind them are listed in src/lib/year-groups.ts; the reader is src/lib/years.ts."],"year":2014,"events":[{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Belinostat approved in US","note":"Relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma","from":"belinostat","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Bevacizumab approved in US","note":"Platinum-resistant ovarian cancer with chemotherapy; recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer with chemotherapy","from":"bevacizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Blinatumomab approved in US","note":"Relapsed/refractory B-ALL","from":"blinatumomab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"BRACAnalysis CDx approved in US","note":"Companion diagnostic for olaparib in germline BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer","from":"bracanalysis-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Cabozantinib approved in EU","note":"Cometriq for medullary thyroid cancer; 21 Mar 2014. Cabometyx (RCC) Sep 2016","from":"cabozantinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ceritinib approved in US","note":"ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC after crizotinib","from":"ceritinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Cologuard approved in US","note":"Colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults aged 50 and older (later 45 and older)","from":"cologuard","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Dabrafenib + trametinib approved in US","note":"BRAF V600E/K unresectable or metastatic melanoma, combination (accelerated; each drug alone approved 2013)","from":"dabrafenib-trametinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Dabrafenib approved in US","note":"With trametinib: BRAF V600E/K metastatic melanoma; later adjuvant melanoma, BRAF V600E NSCLC, anaplastic thyroid cancer, tumour-agnostic solid tumours and paediatric low-grade glio...","from":"dabrafenib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ibrutinib approved in EU","note":"Relapsed mantle cell lymphoma; CLL after one prior therapy or with del(17p)/TP53 mutation","from":"ibrutinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ibrutinib approved in US","note":"Relapsed CLL (RESONATE); del(17p) CLL","from":"ibrutinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Icotinib approved in China","note":"First-line EGFR-mutant NSCLC","from":"icotinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Idelalisib approved in EU","note":"CLL, FL","from":"idelalisib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Idelalisib approved in US","note":"Relapsed CLL with rituximab; relapsed FL and SLL (accelerated, withdrawn 2022)","from":"idelalisib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Mercaptopurine approved in US","note":"Oral suspension for ALL maintenance (Purixan)","from":"mercaptopurine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Netupitant and palonosetron approved in US","note":"Acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting including highly emetogenic regimens, with dexamethasone (intravenous form 2018)","from":"netupitant-palonosetron","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Nintedanib approved in EU","note":"Adenocarcinoma NSCLC after first-line chemotherapy, with docetaxel","from":"nintedanib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Nintedanib approved in US","note":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (non-oncology)","from":"nintedanib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Nivolumab approved in US","note":"Melanoma","from":"nivolumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Nonavalent HPV vaccine approved in US","note":"Prevention of HPV-related cancers and precancers, ages 9-26; extended to 45 in 2018","from":"gardasil-9","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ofatumumab approved in US","note":"Previously untreated CLL with chlorambucil; later extended treatment and relapsed CLL with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide","from":"ofatumumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Olaparib approved in US","note":"gBRCA ovarian cancer ≥3 lines","from":"olaparib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Panitumumab approved in US","note":"First-line RAS wild-type mCRC with FOLFOX","from":"panitumumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Pasireotide approved in US","note":"Acromegaly inadequately controlled by surgery or for whom surgery is not an option (long-acting depot)","from":"pasireotide","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab approved in US","note":"Melanoma (first of >40 indications)","from":"pembrolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Propranolol (Hemangeol) approved in US","note":"Proliferating infantile haemangioma requiring systemic therapy","from":"propranolol-hemangeol","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ramucirumab approved in US","note":"Gastric cancer; NSCLC","from":"ramucirumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Rivoceranib (apatinib) approved in China","note":"Advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma after two or more lines","from":"rivoceranib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ruxolitinib approved in US","note":"Polycythaemia vera after hydroxyurea","from":"ruxolitinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Siltuximab approved in EU","note":"Multicentric Castleman disease in HIV-negative and HHV-8-negative adults","from":"siltuximab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Siltuximab approved in US","note":"Multicentric Castleman disease in HIV-negative and HHV-8-negative patients","from":"siltuximab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Somatostatin analogues (octreotide, lanreotide) approved in US","note":"Unresectable GEP-NETs to improve PFS (lanreotide)","from":"octreotide-lanreotide","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Technetium-99m tilmanocept approved in EU","note":"Sentinel node imaging in breast cancer, melanoma, oral SCC","from":"tilmanocept-tc99m","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Technetium-99m tilmanocept approved in US","note":"Sentinel lymph node localisation in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma","from":"tilmanocept-tc99m","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Trametinib approved in EU","note":"BRAF V600 melanoma alone or with dabrafenib; later NSCLC and adjuvant melanoma","from":"trametinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Trametinib approved in US","note":"With dabrafenib: metastatic melanoma; later adjuvant melanoma, NSCLC, anaplastic thyroid cancer, tumour-agnostic BRAF V600E solid tumours, paediatric low-grade glioma","from":"trametinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Tucidinostat (chidamide) approved in China","note":"Relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma","from":"tucidinostat","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ziv-aflibercept approved in England (NICE)","note":"Not recommended. TA307, published 25 March 2014: aflibercept with irinotecan and fluorouracil-based therapy is not recommended within its marketing authorisation; patients already...","from":"ziv-aflibercept","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Carrum Health founded","note":"San Francisco, CA","from":"carrum-health","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"CMR Surgical founded","note":"Cambridge","from":"cmr-surgical","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Corvus Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Burlingame, California","from":"corvus-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"DAMAE Medical founded","note":"Paris","from":"damae-medical","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"MaaT Pharma founded","note":"Lyon","from":"maat-pharma","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"NRG Oncology founded","note":"Philadelphia, PA","from":"nrg-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"ScreenPoint Medical founded","note":"Nijmegen","from":"screenpoint-medical","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Shanghai Kechow Pharma founded","note":"Shanghai","from":"shanghai-kechow-pharma","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Sinotau Pharmaceutical founded","note":"Beijing","from":"sinotau-pharmaceutical","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"X4 Pharmaceuticals founded","note":"Boston, Massachusetts","from":"x4-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Zai Lab founded","note":"Shanghai / Cambridge, MA","from":"zai-lab","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"AAML0531: gemtuzumab ozogamicin lowers relapse in childhood AML","note":"Acute myeloid leukaemia in children","from":"aml-paediatric","refs":["aaml0531","gemtuzumab-ozogamicin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"AURELIA: bevacizumab with chemotherapy improves progression-free survival in platinum-resistant disease","note":"Platinum-resistant ovarian cancer","from":"platinum-resistant-ovarian-cancer","refs":["bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"AVAglio / RTOG 0825: bevacizumab no OS benefit; 5-ALA and methylation classifier emerge","note":"Glioma & glioblastoma","from":"glioblastoma","refs":["bevacizumab-glioma","fluorescence-guided-surgery","methylation-profiling"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Belinostat approved","note":"Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (including cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)","from":"peripheral-t-cell-lymphoma","refs":["belinostat"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Bevacizumab extends survival in advanced disease (GOG-0240); Gardasil 9 approved; HPV primary screening approved in the US","note":"Cervical cancer","from":"cervical","refs":["bevacizumab","gardasil-9","hpv-testing"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Blinatumomab approved for relapsed or refractory B-ALL in adults","note":"Relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children","from":"all-paediatric-relapsed","refs":["blinatumomab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Blinatumomab: first bispecific T-cell engager approved","note":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Accelerated approval in relapsed/refractory Ph-negative B-ALL.","from":"all-leukemia","refs":["blinatumomab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Blinatumomab: first BiTE","note":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","from":"all-leukemia","refs":["blinatumomab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"BRAF V600E found in papillary craniopharyngioma","note":"Craniopharyngioma. Brastianos and colleagues (Nature Genetics) show near-universal BRAF V600E in PCP and CTNNB1 in ACP.","from":"craniopharyngioma","refs":["braf"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"C11orf95-RELA (ZFTA) fusion identified in supratentorial ependymoma","note":"Ependymoma. Parker and colleagues (Nature) link the fusion to NF-kB activation.","from":"ependymoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Carboplatin raises pCR","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). GeparSixto and CALGB 40603 show platinum increases pathologic complete response.","from":"tnbc","refs":["carboplatin","platinum"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Cell of origin explains extent","note":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Berres and colleagues (JEM) show BRAF V600E in myeloid precursors in high-risk disease.","from":"langerhans-cell-histiocytosis","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"CLARINET: lanreotide antiproliferative approval","note":"Neuroendocrine tumours","from":"neuroendocrine","refs":["clarinet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"CLARINET: lanreotide approved as antiproliferative therapy","note":"Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours","from":"pancreatic-net","refs":["clarinet","octreotide-lanreotide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"CLARINET: lanreotide halves the risk of progression in enteropancreatic tumours","note":"Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours","from":"small-intestinal-net","refs":["clarinet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"COMBI-d and coBRIM: BRAF plus MEK doublets beat BRAF inhibitor alone","note":"BRAF V600-mutant melanoma","from":"braf-v600-melanoma","refs":["combi-d","cobrim","dabrafenib-trametinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"CXCR4 WHIM-like mutations","note":"Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. Present in ~30% and associated with BTKi resistance.","from":"waldenstrom","refs":["cxcr4"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Direct-acting antivirals cure hepatitis C","note":"Hepatocellular carcinoma. HCC risk falls ~70% after cure.","from":"hcc","refs":["hbv-hcv"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Endocrine Society guideline recommends germline testing for all","note":"Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL)","from":"pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma","refs":["germline-testing"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Endocrine Society guideline recommends germline testing for all patients","note":"Hereditary pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (SDHx, VHL, RET, NF1, MAX and TMEM127)","from":"hereditary-ppgl","refs":["germline-testing"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"EORTC 62012: doxorubicin plus ifosfamide improves response and progression-free but not overall survival","note":"Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS)","from":"undifferentiated-pleomorphic-sarcoma","refs":["eortc-62012"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"EORTC 62012: doxorubicin plus ifosfamide improves response but not overall survival","note":"Soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity (localised and advanced)","from":"extremity-soft-tissue-sarcoma","refs":["eortc-62012"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"FDA warns against power morcellation","note":"Uterine sarcoma. Unsuspected uterine sarcoma disseminated by morcellation during fibroid surgery.","from":"uterine-sarcoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"First exome landscape of gallbladder cancer","note":"Gallbladder cancer. 57 Chinese tumours: TP53 47%, ERBB3 12%, ErbB pathway in 37% with worse survival (Li et al., Nature Genetics).","from":"gallbladder","refs":["paper-li-gallbladder-exome-erbb-nat-genet-2014","her3","tp53"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"FIRST: continuous lenalidomide-dexamethasone beats melphalan-prednisone-thalidomide","note":"Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, transplant-ineligible","from":"myeloma-transplant-ineligible","refs":["lenalidomide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"GeparSixto and CALGB 40603: carboplatin raises pathological complete response","note":"Early triple-negative breast cancer","from":"tnbc-early","refs":["carboplatin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"GETUG 13: marker-guided intensification in poor-risk disease","note":"Non-seminomatous germ cell tumour","from":"non-seminoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"GOG-0240: bevacizumab extends survival in advanced cervical cancer","note":"Recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer","from":"recurrent-metastatic-cervical-cancer","refs":["bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"GTF2I L424H mutation found in most type A and AB thymomas","note":"Thymoma (WHO types A, AB, B1, B2 and B3)","from":"thymoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"GTF2I mutation discovered in thymoma (Petrini, Nat Genet)","note":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma","from":"thymic-epithelial","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ibrutinib approved","note":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","from":"cll","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ibrutinib approved for CLL; obinutuzumab-chlorambucil for unfit patients","note":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, first treatment","from":"cll-treatment-naive","refs":["ibrutinib","obinutuzumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ibrutinib approved in CLL; RESONATE","note":"Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. PFS HR 0.22 vs ofatumumab; the BTK era begins. Idelalisib approved the same year.","from":"cll","refs":["ibrutinib","resonate"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"IMWG adds the SLiM biomarkers, moving the highest-risk patients into active myeloma","note":"Smouldering multiple myeloma","from":"smouldering-myeloma","refs":["smoldering-myeloma"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Lugano classification formalises PET staging and the Deauville scale","note":"Hodgkin lymphoma","from":"hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":["lugano-classification","deauville-score"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Lugano classification unifies PET-based staging and response","note":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","from":"dlbcl","refs":["lugano-classification","fdg-pet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Morcellation warnings after unsuspected uterine leiomyosarcoma spread","note":"Leiomyosarcoma","from":"leiomyosarcoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"MRI tail sign linked to local recurrence and used to plan margins","note":"Myxofibrosarcoma","from":"myxofibrosarcoma","refs":["mri"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Olaparib approved as the first PARP inhibitor, for BRCA-mutant relapsed disease","note":"Platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer","from":"platinum-sensitive-ovarian-cancer","refs":["olaparib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Olaparib: first PARP inhibitor","note":"Ovarian cancer","from":"ovarian","refs":["olaparib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Olaparib: first PARP inhibitor approved","note":"Ovarian cancer. For germline BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer after three lines.","from":"ovarian","refs":["olaparib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Olaparib: first PARP inhibitor approved","note":"High-grade serous ovarian cancer","from":"high-grade-serous-ovarian-cancer","refs":["olaparib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"PD-1 blockade approved in melanoma","note":"Skin cancer (all types). Pembrolizumab and nivolumab approved for advanced melanoma, later moving to adjuvant and neoadjuvant use.","from":"skin-cancer","refs":["pembrolizumab","nivolumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"PD-1 inhibitors approved","note":"Melanoma","from":"melanoma","refs":["pembrolizumab","nivolumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab and nivolumab approved; first BRAF/MEK combination (dabrafenib-trametinib)","note":"Melanoma","from":"melanoma","refs":["pembrolizumab","nivolumab","dabrafenib-trametinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab and nivolumab approved; KEYNOTE-006 shows PD-1 beats CTLA-4 blockade","note":"Advanced melanoma (unresectable stage III and stage IV)","from":"advanced-melanoma","refs":["pembrolizumab","nivolumab","keynote-006"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"PRC2 (SUZ12, EED) loss found in most MPNST","note":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST)","from":"malignant-peripheral-nerve-sheath-tumour","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"PROFILE 1001 ROS1 cohort: crizotinib response rate 72 percent","note":"ROS1-positive non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"ros1-positive-nsclc","refs":["crizotinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"PROFILE 1014: crizotinib beats chemotherapy first line","note":"ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"alk-positive-nsclc","refs":["crizotinib","solomon-benjamin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"RESONATE: ibrutinib beats ofatumumab in relapsed CLL; idelalisib approved","note":"Relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","from":"cll-relapsed","refs":["resonate","ibrutinib","idelalisib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Retrospective series show BRCA carriers with pancreatic cancer live longer on platinum chemotherapy","note":"BRCA or PALB2-mutant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"brca-palb2-pdac","refs":["platinum-sensitivity","cisplatin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Retrospective series suggest a benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in node-positive disease","note":"Localised small bowel adenocarcinoma (stage I to III, resected)","from":"localised-small-bowel-adenocarcinoma","refs":["capox","folfox"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ruxolitinib approved for PV","note":"Polycythaemia vera (PV). FDA approval in December 2014 for hydroxyurea-resistant or intolerant PV on the RESPONSE trial; EU approval followed in 2015.","from":"polycythaemia-vera","refs":["ruxolitinib","response"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Sequencing shows BRAF and RAF1 fusions and DNA repair gene defects, and rare KRAS mutation","note":"Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma","from":"pancreatic-acinar-cell-carcinoma","refs":["gene-fusion","braf","brca"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Sequencing shows kinase-activating lesions in nearly all Ph-like ALL, many drug-sensitive","note":"Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (Ph-like or BCR::ABL1-like ALL)","from":"all-ph-like","refs":["bcr-abl","jak2"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"SINS: the cream is inferior to the operation, and stays inferior","note":"Skin cancer (all types). 501 people randomised in the United Kingdom; clinical success at three years 84 against 98 per cent and at five years 82.5 against 97.7 per cent.","from":"skin-cancer","refs":["sins-trial"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma described","note":"Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) and SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinoma","from":"sinonasal-undifferentiated-carcinoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"SOFT and TEXT: ovarian suppression with exemestane in premenopausal women","note":"High-risk early HR-positive breast cancer","from":"hr-positive-early-high-risk","refs":["soft-text","exemestane","goserelin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"SOFT/TEXT: ovarian suppression in premenopausal women","note":"HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer","from":"breast-hr-positive","refs":["soft-text"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Sorafenib approved for iodine-refractory disease (DECISION)","note":"Papillary thyroid cancer","from":"papillary-thyroid-cancer","refs":["sorafenib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Surveillance becomes standard for stage I","note":"Testicular germ cell tumours","from":"testicular","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Systematic review of 2,744 cases: 95.6 percent disease-free after resection","note":"Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas","from":"solid-pseudopapillary-neoplasm","refs":["distal-pancreatectomy"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"TCGA classifies gastric cancer into four molecular groups including MSI-high","note":"Microsatellite-unstable (MSI-high) gastric cancer","from":"gastric-msi-high","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"TCGA maps chromosome losses and TP53 and PTEN mutations","note":"Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma","from":"chromophobe-rcc","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"TCGA molecular classification; RAINBOW establishes ramucirumab + paclitaxel","note":"Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer","from":"gastric","refs":["rainbow","ramucirumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"The adenocarcinoma reference map, and the case for multiplex testing","note":"Non-small-cell lung cancer. Two hundred and thirty adenocarcinomas profiled on every platform add RIT1 and MGA to the driver list and show that NF1, MET, ERBB2 and RIT1 drive the t...","from":"nsclc","refs":["paper-tcga-lung-adenocarcinoma-nature-2014","paper-kris-lung-cancer-mutation-consortium-jama-2014","rit1","mga"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"The first predictive resistance marker","note":"Prostate cancer. Antonarakis found AR-V7, an androgen receptor lacking the part the drugs bind, in circulating tumour cells: a zero percent prostate-specific antigen response rate...","from":"prostate","refs":["paper-antonarakis-ar-v7-resistance-nejm-2014"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"The tumours that change type get a morphological classification","note":"Prostate cancer. The Prostate Cancer Foundation working committee publishes the six categories that separate incidental neuroendocrine staining from small cell carcinoma, which is...","from":"prostate","refs":["paper-epstein-neuroendocrine-prostate-morphologic-classification-ajsp-2014"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"TNT: carboplatin beats docetaxel in germline BRCA carriers","note":"Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer","from":"tnbc-metastatic","refs":["carboplatin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"UK POSH cohort: young Black women have more triple-negative disease and worse survival despite equal access","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Copson and colleagues, 2,915 women aged 40 or under: 26.1 vs 18.6 percent triple-negative; five-year survival 71.1 vs 82.4 percent with equal...","from":"tnbc","refs":["paper-copson-posh-ethnicity-young-breast-cancer-uk-bjc-2014","idea-tnbc-uk-ethnicity-stratified-outcome-reporting"]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"WHO classifies carcinosarcoma as a metaplastic carcinoma rather than a sarcoma","note":"Uterine carcinosarcoma","from":"uterine-carcinosarcoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Zumsteg proposes favourable and unfavourable intermediate risk","note":"Localised prostate cancer, intermediate risk","from":"prostate-intermediate-risk","refs":["gleason-grade-group"]},{"group":"journal","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Oncology research and treatment founded","note":"S. 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0.66, p 0.05); salvage high-dose chemotherapy n...","from":"getug-13","refs":["non-seminoma","testicular","bleomycin","etoposide"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"LUME-Lung 1 reported","note":"Median progression-free survival 3.4 against 2.7 months (hazard ratio 0.79, p=0.0019); overall survival significant in the adenocarcinoma populations of the prespecified hierarchy...","from":"lume-lung-1","refs":["lung-adenocarcinoma","nsclc","nintedanib","docetaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Mohs surgery against ordinary excision for facial basal cell carcinoma (Maastricht trial) reported","note":"Ten-year cumulative recurrence 4.4 per cent after Mohs surgery against 12.2 per cent after ordinary excision for primary high-risk facial basal cell carcinoma (p=0.100), and 3.9 ag...","from":"mohs-versus-excision-facial-bcc","refs":["basal-cell-carcinoma","skin-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Mumbai VIA 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response 72 percent (36 of 50); median duration of response 17.6 months; median progression-free survival 19.2 months.","from":"profile-1001-ros1","refs":["ros1-positive-nsclc","crizotinib","entrectinib","repotrectinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"PROFILE 1014 reported","note":"Median progression-free survival 10.9 against 7.0 months (hazard ratio 0.45, 95 percent confidence interval 0.35 to 0.60).","from":"profile-1014","refs":["alk-positive-nsclc","crizotinib","pemetrexed","cisplatin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"RAINBOW reported","note":"OS 9.6 vs 7.4 months, HR 0.81.","from":"rainbow","refs":["gastric","ramucirumab","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"RESONATE reported","note":"PFS HR 0.22; median PFS 44.1 vs 8.1 months (6-year).","from":"resonate","refs":["cll","cll-relapsed","ibrutinib","ofatumumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"REVEL reported","note":"Median overall survival 10.5 against 9.1 months (hazard ratio 0.86, p=0.023); progression-free survival 4.5 against 3.0 months.","from":"revel","refs":["nsclc","lung-squamous-cell-carcinoma","lung-adenocarcinoma","ramucirumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Rituximab, Rasburicase, and Combination Chemotherapy in Treating Young Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced B-Cell Leukemia or Lymphoma reported","from":"nct00057811","refs":["burkitt-lymphoma","all-leukemia","doxorubicin","cyclophosphamide"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Sodium Thiosulfate in Preventing Hearing Loss in Young Patients Receiving Cisplatin for Newly Diagnosed Germ Cell Tumor, Hepatoblastoma, Medulloblastoma, Neurob...","from":"nct00716976","refs":["extragonadal-germ-cell-tumour","hcc","neuroblastoma","ovarian"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"SOFT & TEXT reported","note":"Exemestane + OFS: DFS and DRFI improved; no OS difference at 12 years.","from":"soft-text","refs":["breast-hr-positive","hr-positive-early-high-risk","exemestane","tamoxifen"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Study to Learn if 200mg Test Drug (Fostamatinib) Helps People With Large B-Cell Lymphoma,a Type of Blood Cancer reported","from":"nct01499303","refs":["dlbcl","fostamatinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"TRIBE reported","note":"Progression-free survival 12.1 against 9.7 months (hazard ratio 0.75); response rate 65 against 53 percent.","from":"tribe","refs":["colorectal","folfoxiri","folfiri","bevacizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2014","precision":"year","title":"Ziv-aflibercept in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced, Unresectable, or Metastatic Gynecologic Soft Tissue Sarcoma reported","from":"nct00390234","refs":["ovarian","uterine-sarcoma","uterine-carcinosarcoma","leiomyosarcoma"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-02-12","precision":"day","title":"Ibrutinib: approval (US)","note":"Relapsed CLL","from":"ibrutinib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-05","precision":"month","title":"Panitumumab: label change (US)","note":"First-line with FOLFOX in RAS wild-type (PRIME)","from":"panitumumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-07-04","precision":"day","title":"Nivolumab: approval (JP)","note":"First PD-1 inhibitor approved worldwide (melanoma, Japan)","from":"nivolumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-08-14","precision":"day","title":"Bevacizumab: approval (US)","note":"Cervical cancer with chemotherapy (GOG-0240)","from":"bevacizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-09-04","precision":"day","title":"Pembrolizumab: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, advanced melanoma after ipilimumab; first PD-1 inhibitor in the US","from":"pembrolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-12-03","precision":"day","title":"Blinatumomab: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, Ph-negative relapsed/refractory B-ALL: first BiTE","from":"blinatumomab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-12-10","precision":"day","title":"Nonavalent HPV vaccine: approval (US)","note":"Gardasil 9 approved","from":"gardasil-9","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-12-19","precision":"day","title":"Olaparib: approval (US)","note":"gBRCA advanced ovarian cancer after ≥3 lines: first PARP inhibitor","from":"olaparib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2014-12-22","precision":"day","title":"Nivolumab: approval (US)","note":"Advanced melanoma after ipilimumab (accelerated)","from":"nivolumab","refs":[]}]},"route":"/years/2014/","neighbours":{"year":[{"id":"2013","kind":"year","name":"2013 in oncology","route":"/years/2013/"},{"id":"2015","kind":"year","name":"2015 in 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