{"entity":{"id":"2020","kind":"year","name":"2020 in oncology","aka":["2020"],"tldr":"Everything OnCo dates to 2020: 793 entries, 208 papers, 186 papers listed on people's pages, 131 landmarks and 107 trials reported. Each line links to the record it was read from, so the year is a view of the corpus rather than a second copy of it.","summary":"793 dated entries in OnCo fall in 2020: 208 papers, 186 papers listed on people's pages, 131 landmarks, 107 trials reported, 79 approvals, 36 regulatory events, 19 financing rounds, 10 companies founded, 8 technologies, 7 guideline changes and 2 journals founded.\n\nOf those, 30 to the day, 13 to the month and 750 to the year only. Most of the corpus dates a fact to the year, because that is what the source it was read from gives; regulatory events and the readout calendar are the parts that carry a full date.\n\nEverything on this page is generated from the other records. It holds no fact of its own, and it changes when they do.","asOf":"2026-09-25","links":[],"tags":[],"related":["2019","2021"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Generated from every dated field in the corpus, not written by hand. The groups and the fields behind them are listed in src/lib/year-groups.ts; the reader is src/lib/years.ts."],"year":2020,"events":[{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Anlotinib approved in China","note":"Advanced medullary thyroid cancer","from":"anlotinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Atezolizumab approved in England (NICE)","note":"Untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer, with carboplatin and etoposide. TA638, published 1 July 2020, only at ECOG performance status 0 or 1 (IMpower133).","from":"atezolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Atezolizumab approved in UK","note":"Triple-negative unresectable locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with PD-L1 of 1 percent or more, with nab-paclitaxel, untreated for metastatic disease; NICE TA639 (1 July...","from":"atezolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Aumolertinib approved in China","note":"EGFR T790M-positive locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC after EGFR TKI therapy","from":"aumolertinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Avapritinib approved in EU","note":"EU brand Ayvakyt","from":"avapritinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Avapritinib approved in US","note":"Unresectable/metastatic GIST with PDGFRA exon 18 mutation including D842V","from":"avapritinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Avelumab approved in US","note":"Maintenance after first-line platinum in advanced urothelial cancer","from":"avelumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Azacitidine approved in US","note":"Newly diagnosed AML unfit for intensive chemotherapy, with venetoclax (VIALE-A)","from":"azacitidine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Azacitidine approved in US","note":"Oral azacitidine (Onureg) maintenance after intensive induction (QUAZAR AML-001)","from":"azacitidine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Belantamab mafodotin approved in US","note":"Relapsed myeloma ≥4 lines (accelerated; withdrawn 2022)","from":"belantamab-mafodotin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Bevacizumab approved in US","note":"First-line maintenance with olaparib in HRD-positive ovarian cancer","from":"bevacizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"BRACAnalysis CDx approved in US","note":"Olaparib in germline BRCA-mutated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","from":"bracanalysis-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Brexucabtagene autoleucel approved in EU","note":"MCL after ≥2 lines including a BTK inhibitor","from":"brexucabtagene-autoleucel","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Brexucabtagene autoleucel approved in US","note":"Relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma","from":"brexucabtagene-autoleucel","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Brigatinib approved in US","note":"First-line ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC","from":"brigatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Capmatinib & tepotinib approved in US","note":"MET exon 14 skipping NSCLC (capmatinib; tepotinib 2021)","from":"capmatinib-tepotinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Capmatinib approved in US","note":"Metastatic NSCLC with a MET exon 14 skipping mutation (accelerated approval)","from":"capmatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Cetuximab approved in US","note":"BRAF V600E mCRC with encorafenib","from":"cetuximab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Cetuximab sarotalocan approved in Japan","note":"Unresectable locally advanced or recurrent head and neck cancer (conditional)","from":"cetuximab-sarotalocan","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"clonoSEQ approved in US","note":"MRD in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","from":"clonoseq","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Cobimetinib approved in US","note":"With atezolizumab and vemurafenib in BRAF V600 melanoma","from":"cobimetinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Decitabine + cedazuridine (oral) approved in US","note":"MDS and CMML","from":"decitabine-cedazuridine","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Encorafenib approved in US","note":"BRAF V600E mCRC with cetuximab, previously treated","from":"encorafenib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Ensartinib approved in CN","note":"ALK-positive NSCLC after crizotinib","from":"ensartinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Entrectinib approved in England (NICE)","note":"NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours, including colorectal cancer. TA644, published 12 August 2020, withdrawn: replaced by TA1118, which NICE terminated on 7 January 2026 with no com...","from":"entrectinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Entrectinib approved in England (NICE)","note":"ROS1-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in patients who have not had a ROS1 inhibitor. TA643, published 12 August 2020, subject to the commercial arrangement.","from":"entrectinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Entrectinib approved in EU","note":"Same","from":"entrectinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Entrectinib approved in UK","note":"NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours: NICE TA644 (12 August 2020) recommended entrectinib within the Cancer Drugs Fund; it was replaced by TA1118 (terminated appraisal, 7 January 202...","from":"entrectinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Fluoroestradiol F-18 (FES PET) approved in US","note":"Detection of ER-positive lesions as an adjunct to biopsy in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer","from":"fluoroestradiol-f18","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Gallium-68 DOTATATE (and Cu-64 DOTATATE) approved in US","note":"Same (Cu-64 DOTATATE)","from":"ga68-dotatate","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Gallium-68 gozetotide (PSMA-11) approved in US","note":"PSMA PET (UCLA/UCSF NDA); kits 2021-2022","from":"ga68-psma-11","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Glasdegib approved in EU","note":"Same","from":"glasdegib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Guardant360 CDx approved in US","note":"Companion diagnostic for osimertinib (EGFR) in NSCLC; first liquid comprehensive genomic profiling test","from":"guardant360-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Inetetamab approved in CN","note":"HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer after chemotherapy, with vinorelbine","from":"inetetamab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Isatuximab approved in US","note":"Relapsed myeloma with pomalidomide-dexamethasone; 2021 with carfilzomib-dexamethasone","from":"isatuximab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Larotrectinib approved in England (NICE)","note":"NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours, including colorectal cancer. TA630, published 27 May 2020: recommended for use within the Cancer Drugs Fund only, under a managed access agreeme...","from":"larotrectinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Larotrectinib approved in UK","note":"NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours in adults and children, locally advanced or metastatic or where surgery would cause severe morbidity, with no satisfactory treatment options: NIC...","from":"larotrectinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lorlatinib approved in England (NICE)","note":"ALK-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer progressing after alectinib or ceritinib as the first ALK inhibitor, or after crizotinib and at least one other ALK inhibitor.","from":"lorlatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lurbinectedin approved in US","note":"Metastatic SCLC after platinum chemotherapy (accelerated)","from":"lurbinectedin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Luspatercept approved in EU","note":"MDS-RS and beta-thalassaemia","from":"luspatercept","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Luspatercept approved in US","note":"Very low- to intermediate-risk MDS with ring sideroblasts after ESA failure","from":"luspatercept","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Margetuximab approved in US","note":"HER2+ metastatic breast cancer after ≥2 anti-HER2 regimens, with chemotherapy","from":"margetuximab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Mitomycin C approved in US","note":"Low-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma (mitomycin pyelocalyceal gel)","from":"mitomycin","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"myChoice CDx approved in US","note":"Companion diagnostic for olaparib plus bevacizumab first-line maintenance in HRD-positive ovarian cancer","from":"mychoice-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Naxitamab approved in US","note":"Relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma in bone or bone marrow with partial response, minor response or stable disease, with GM-CSF (accelerated)","from":"naxitamab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Neratinib approved in US","note":"HER2+ metastatic breast cancer with capecitabine after ≥2 anti-HER2 regimens","from":"neratinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Niraparib approved in US","note":"First-line ovarian maintenance","from":"niraparib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Nivolumab approved in England (NICE)","note":"Locally advanced or metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung cancer after chemotherapy. TA655, published 21 October 2020, stopped at 2 years of uninterrupted treatment and only for...","from":"nivolumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Olaparib approved in EU","note":"Maintenance treatment of germline BRCA1/2-mutated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma that has not progressed after at least 16 weeks of platinum-based first-line chemotherapy; li...","from":"olaparib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Oncomine Dx Target Test approved in US","note":"RET fusion companion claim (pralsetinib)","from":"oncomine-dx-target-test","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Optellum Virtual Nodule Clinic approved in EU","note":"CE mark","from":"optellum-virtual-nodule-clinic","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Orelabrutinib approved in China","note":"Relapsed or refractory CLL/SLL; relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma","from":"orelabrutinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Osilodrostat approved in EU","note":"Endogenous Cushing's syndrome in adults","from":"osilodrostat","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Osilodrostat approved in US","note":"Cushing's disease in adults for whom pituitary surgery is not an option or has not been curative","from":"osilodrostat","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Osimertinib approved in England (NICE)","note":"Untreated locally advanced or metastatic EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer. TA654, published 14 October 2020, recommends osimertinib within its marketing authorisat...","from":"osimertinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Osimertinib approved in England (NICE)","note":"EGFR T790M mutation-positive locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer after a first-line EGFR inhibitor.","from":"osimertinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Osimertinib approved in US","note":"Adjuvant EGFR-mutant NSCLC","from":"osimertinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx approved in US","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer, CPS ≥10 (pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy)","from":"dako-pd-l1-22c3-pharmdx","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab approved in US","note":"Metastatic TNBC, PD-L1 CPS ≥10, with chemotherapy","from":"pembrolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pemigatinib approved in US","note":"Previously treated FGFR2-fusion/rearranged cholangiocarcinoma (accelerated)","from":"pemigatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pertuzumab approved in US","note":"Phesgo subcutaneous fixed-dose combination with trastuzumab","from":"pertuzumab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pomalidomide approved in US","note":"Kaposi sarcoma (AIDS-related after ART failure; HIV-negative)","from":"pomalidomide","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pralsetinib approved in US","note":"RET-fusion metastatic NSCLC (full approval 2023)","from":"pralsetinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Relugolix approved in US","note":"Advanced prostate cancer","from":"relugolix","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Ripretinib approved in US","note":"Advanced GIST after ≥3 prior kinase inhibitors including imatinib","from":"ripretinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Rivoceranib (apatinib) approved in China","note":"Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after prior systemic therapy","from":"rivoceranib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Rucaparib approved in US","note":"BRCA-mutated mCRPC after ARPI and taxane","from":"rucaparib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Sacituzumab govitecan approved in US","note":"Metastatic TNBC, ≥2 prior lines (accelerated; full 2021)","from":"sacituzumab-govitecan","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selinexor approved in US","note":"Relapsed/refractory DLBCL; myeloma with bortezomib after ≥1 line","from":"selinexor","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selpercatinib approved in US","note":"RET-fusion NSCLC and thyroid; RET-mutant MTC","from":"selpercatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selumetinib approved in US","note":"NF1 with symptomatic, inoperable plexiform neurofibromas, children 2 and over (extended to adults and to age 1 and over in 2025)","from":"selumetinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Setmelanotide approved in US","note":"Chronic weight management in obesity due to POMC, PCSK1 or LEPR deficiency","from":"setmelanotide","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Surufatinib approved in CN","note":"Advanced non-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours; pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours from 2021","from":"surufatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tafasitamab approved in US","note":"R/R DLBCL with lenalidomide, transplant-ineligible (accelerated)","from":"tafasitamab","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tazemetostat approved in US","note":"Epithelioid sarcoma; relapsed FL (EZH2-mutant after 2 lines; wild-type without alternatives). Withdrawn March 2026","from":"tazemetostat","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tepotinib approved in JP","note":"Unresectable advanced or recurrent NSCLC with MET exon 14 skipping","from":"tepotinib","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"therascreen companion diagnostic kits (KRAS, EGFR, PIK3CA, FGFR, BRAF) approved in US","note":"therascreen BRAF V600E: encorafenib plus cetuximab in colorectal cancer","from":"therascreen-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Transpara approved in US","note":"510(k) clearance, digital breast tomosynthesis","from":"transpara","refs":[]},{"group":"approval","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tucatinib approved in US","note":"HER2+ metastatic breast cancer including brain metastases, with trastuzumab and capecitabine","from":"tucatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Affini-T Therapeutics founded","note":"Watertown, MA","from":"affini-t-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Ambagon Therapeutics founded","note":"Eindhoven","from":"ambagon-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Aulos Bioscience founded","note":"Larkspur, California","from":"aulos-bioscience","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Capstan Therapeutics founded","note":"San Diego, CA","from":"capstan-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"D3 Bio (Wuxi) founded","note":"Wuxi","from":"d3-bio-wuxi","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Kelonia Therapeutics founded","note":"Boston, MA","from":"kelonia-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"OncoC4 founded","note":"Rockville, MD","from":"oncoc4","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Scorpion Therapeutics founded","note":"Boston, MA","from":"scorpion-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Thyme Care founded","note":"Nashville, TN","from":"thyme-care","refs":[]},{"group":"company","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Viatris founded","note":"Pittsburgh, PA","from":"viatris","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Ambagon Therapeutics: Form D offering","note":"$7m. Total sold per Form D filed August 2020","from":"ambagon-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Biodesix: IPO","note":"$72m. 4,000,000 shares at $18.00 on the Nasdaq Global Market, priced 28 October 2020; gross proceeds before underwriting discounts.","from":"biodesix","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Black Diamond Therapeutics: IPO","note":"$231m. 12,174,263 shares including full over-allotment; gross proceeds 231.3 million US dollars, completed February 2020","from":"black-diamond-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Carevive Systems: Form D offering","note":"$15m. Equity offering first sold 30 January 2020; USD 15.0 million sold of USD 18.0 million, including USD 7.5 million of converted notes","from":"carevive-systems","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Elypta: Seed","note":"EUR 6.1 million late seed round led by Industrifonden, January 2020 (as listed on the company news page).","from":"elypta","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Foghorn Therapeutics: IPO","note":"$135m. 7.5 million shares at 16 US dollars in October 2020 plus 951,837 option shares in November 2020; gross proceeds 135.2 million US dollars","from":"foghorn-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Naveris: Series A","note":"$19m. 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Final prospectus: 20 million shares at 20 US dollars per share, before the underwriters' option of up to 3 million additional shares","from":"relay-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Scorpion Therapeutics: Form D offering","note":"$25m. Total sold per Form D filed May 2020","from":"scorpion-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Scorpion Therapeutics: Form D offering","note":"$147m. Total sold per Form D filed December 2020","from":"scorpion-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tallac Therapeutics: Series A","note":"$62m","from":"tallac-therapeutics","refs":[]},{"group":"funding","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Zentalis Pharmaceuticals: IPO","note":"$190m. 10,557,000 shares at 18 US dollars in April 2020; gross proceeds about 190 million US dollars","from":"zentalis-pharmaceuticals","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"AALL0434: nelarabine improves disease-free survival in T-ALL","note":"High-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (high-risk B-ALL and T-ALL)","from":"all-paediatric-high-risk","refs":["nelarabine"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ACNS0333 reports improved survival with intensive therapy","note":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (ATRT). COG phase 3 with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous rescue (JCO 2020).","from":"atrt","refs":["autologous-stem-cell-transplant"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ACNS1221 closes early: dropping intraventricular methotrexate raises infant relapse","note":"SHH-activated medulloblastoma","from":"medulloblastoma-shh","refs":["methotrexate"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ACTG A5263: paclitaxel superior to oral etoposide and bleomycin-vincristine in Africa (Lancet)","note":"Kaposi sarcoma","from":"kaposi-sarcoma","refs":["paclitaxel","bleomycin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ADAURA: adjuvant osimertinib for EGFR-mutated disease","note":"Resectable stage I to III non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"resectable-nsclc","refs":["adaura","osimertinib","roy-herbst","wu-yi-long"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ADAURA: adjuvant osimertinib; MET and RET inhibitors approved","note":"Non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"nsclc","refs":["adaura","capmatinib-tepotinib","selpercatinib","pralsetinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ADAURA: three years of adjuvant osimertinib cuts recurrence by 83 percent","note":"EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"egfr-mutant-nsclc","refs":["adaura","osimertinib","wu-yi-long","roy-herbst"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ALIENOR: bevacizumab tested with paclitaxel in relapsed sex cord-stromal tumours","note":"Adult granulosa cell tumour of the ovary","from":"granulosa-cell-tumour","refs":["bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"All three trials report longer overall survival","note":"Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","from":"prostate-nmcrpc","refs":["apalutamide","enzalutamide","darolutamide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Angiosarcoma Project reports ultraviolet signature and immunotherapy responses in scalp and face tumours","note":"Angiosarcoma","from":"angiosarcoma","refs":["checkpoint-inhibitor"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Apalutamide with a GnRH agonist enters trial for androgen receptor-positive salivary cancer","note":"Salivary duct carcinoma","from":"salivary-duct-carcinoma","refs":["nct04325828"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ASCENT and KEYNOTE-355","note":"Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer","from":"tnbc-metastatic","refs":["ascent","sacituzumab-govitecan","keynote-355","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ASCO guideline and FDA guidance","note":"Male breast cancer. First ASCO guideline on male breast cancer; FDA guidance on including men in breast cancer drug development.","from":"male-breast-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ASCO/CAP creates the ER Low Positive category","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ER 1 to 10 percent is reported separately because endocrine benefit is uncertain; cohorts show these tumours behave like triple-negative disea...","from":"tnbc","refs":["er-pr-negative-threshold"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Avapritinib (PDGFRA D842V) and ripretinib (INVICTUS) approved","note":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)","from":"gist","refs":["avapritinib","ripretinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Avelumab maintenance (JAVELIN Bladder 100); pembrolizumab for BCG-unresponsive CIS","note":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","from":"urothelial","refs":["javelin-bladder-100","avelumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Belantamab mafodotin: first BCMA ADC (accelerated; withdrawn 2022)","note":"Multiple myeloma","from":"multiple-myeloma","refs":["belantamab-mafodotin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Brexucabtagene autoleucel (ZUMA-2)","note":"Mantle cell lymphoma. First CAR-T for MCL: 93% response after BTKi failure.","from":"mantle-cell-lymphoma","refs":["brexucabtagene-autoleucel"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CAPS consortium surveillance recommendations updated","note":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Goal: high-grade dysplasia and T1N0M0 cancer; EUS and MRI/MRCP yearly; ATM carriers with an affected relative now eligible.","from":"pancreatic","refs":["pancreatic-surveillance","familial-pancreatic-cancer"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CCCG-ALL-2015: dasatinib beats imatinib in a randomised paediatric trial","note":"Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children (Ph-positive ALL)","from":"all-paediatric-ph-positive","refs":["dasatinib","imatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Cetuximab sarotalocan photoimmunotherapy approved in Japan; JAVELIN H&N 100 negative","note":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","from":"head-and-neck","refs":["cetuximab-sarotalocan","javelin-hn-100"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 143: immunotherapy fails at recurrence","note":"Glioma & glioblastoma. CheckMate 548 (2022) and CheckMate 498 (2023) follow in newly diagnosed disease; all three negative.","from":"glioblastoma","refs":["checkmate-143","checkmate-548","checkmate-498"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 743: first immunotherapy survival gain","note":"Pleural mesothelioma","from":"pleural-mesothelioma","refs":["checkmate-743"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 743: nivolumab-ipilimumab approved, first new first line in 16 years","note":"Mesothelioma","from":"mesothelioma","refs":["checkmate-743","nivolumab","ipilimumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Circulating tumour HPV DNA detects recurrence before imaging","note":"HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer","from":"hpv-positive-oropharyngeal-cancer","refs":["cthpv-dna"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CROWN: lorlatinib first line; five-year update in 2024 shows 60 percent progression-free","note":"ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"alk-positive-nsclc","refs":["crown","lorlatinib","solomon-benjamin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"D-ALBA: chemotherapy-free Ph+ ALL","note":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Dasatinib then blinatumomab, 18-month OS 95%.","from":"all-leukemia","refs":["d-alba","dasatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"DART (SWOG S1609): nivolumab with ipilimumab active in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma","note":"Extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma","from":"extrapulmonary-nec","refs":["dart-s1609","nivolumab","ipilimumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"DESKTOP III: secondary surgery extends survival in AGO-score-positive relapse","note":"Platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer","from":"platinum-sensitive-ovarian-cancer","refs":["desktop-iii"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Desmoid Tumor Working Group consensus","note":"Desmoid tumour. Active surveillance as initial management for most patients (Eur J Cancer).","from":"desmoid-tumour","refs":["active-surveillance"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"DESTINY-Gastric01: trastuzumab deruxtecan beats chemotherapy after trastuzumab","note":"HER2-positive gastric cancer","from":"gastric-her2-positive","refs":["trastuzumab-deruxtecan"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"E3A06: lenalidomide delays progression in higher-risk disease","note":"Smouldering multiple myeloma","from":"smouldering-myeloma","refs":["lenalidomide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"EMA refuses pexidartinib","note":"Tenosynovial giant cell tumour (TGCT). Hepatotoxicity judged to outweigh benefit for a non-lethal disease.","from":"tenosynovial-giant-cell-tumour","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"EZH-301 confirmatory trial opens","note":"Epithelioid sarcoma. Doxorubicin with or without tazemetostat, first line (NCT04204941).","from":"epithelioid-sarcoma","refs":["tazemetostat","doxorubicin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"FAST-Forward: whole-breast radiotherapy in one week","note":"Breast cancer (all types). 26 Gy in five fractions non-inferior to 40 Gy in fifteen at five years; adopted across the United Kingdom and accelerated by the pandemic.","from":"breast-cancer","refs":["fast-forward","fast-trial"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"FDA approves encorafenib with cetuximab, the first targeted therapy for the subtype","note":"BRAF V600E-mutant colorectal cancer","from":"braf-v600e-colorectal","refs":["encorafenib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"FIGHT-202: pemigatinib approved for FGFR2 fusion-positive cholangiocarcinoma","note":"Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma","from":"intrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma","refs":["fight-202","pemigatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Gemtuzumab ozogamicin approved for newly diagnosed CD33-positive AML in children from one month","note":"Acute myeloid leukaemia in children","from":"aml-paediatric","refs":["gemtuzumab-ozogamicin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"GEOMETRY mono-1: capmatinib approved; VISION: tepotinib reported","note":"MET exon 14 and MET-amplified non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"met-altered-nsclc","refs":["geometry-mono-1","capmatinib","nct02864992","tepotinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Global Retinoblastoma Study: survival tied to national income (JAMA Oncol)","note":"Retinoblastoma","from":"retinoblastoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"HER2-low proposed as a clinical category","note":"HER2-low and HER2-ultralow metastatic breast cancer","from":"her2-low-metastatic-breast-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"HER2CLIMB: tucatinib approved, the first drug proven in active brain metastases","note":"HER2-positive breast cancer with brain metastases","from":"her2-positive-breast-brain-metastases","refs":["her2climb","tucatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"HER2CLIMB: tucatinib triplet benefits patients with HER2-positive brain metastases","note":"Brain metastases (secondary brain tumours)","from":"secondary-brain-tumours","refs":["tucatinib","her2climb"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Homologous recombination deficiency defined for platinum selection; fibroblast atlas","note":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Core and biallelic repair-gene mutations predict first-line platinum benefit (hazard ratio 0.44); single-cell sequencing adds antigen-presenting f...","from":"pancreatic","refs":["paper-park-hrd-pancreatic-platinum-ccr-2020","paper-elyada-antigen-presenting-cafs-single-cell-cancer-discov-2019","hrd-positive"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMbrave150: atezolizumab + bevacizumab beats sorafenib","note":"Hepatocellular carcinoma. First regimen to improve OS over sorafenib; new standard.","from":"hcc","refs":["imbrave150","atezolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMbrave150: atezolizumab plus bevacizumab beats sorafenib","note":"Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (BCLC C)","from":"hcc-advanced","refs":["imbrave150","atezolizumab","bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMbrave150: atezolizumab-bevacizumab","note":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","from":"hcc","refs":["atezolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMspire150: atezolizumab triplet approved on progression-free survival","note":"BRAF V600-mutant melanoma","from":"braf-v600-melanoma","refs":["atezolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Inter-B-NHL Ritux 2010: rituximab improves outcomes in children","note":"Burkitt lymphoma. Minard-Colin and colleagues (NEJM 2020).","from":"burkitt-lymphoma","refs":["rituximab","inter-b-nhl-ritux-2010"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"InterAACT: carboplatin and paclitaxel becomes the first-line standard","note":"Metastatic and recurrent anal squamous cell carcinoma","from":"metastatic-anal-cancer","refs":["carboplatin","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"InterAAct: carboplatin-paclitaxel first-line standard","note":"Anal cancer (squamous cell carcinoma)","from":"anal","refs":["carboplatin","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"INVICTUS: ripretinib approved in the fourth line","note":"Imatinib-resistant GIST","from":"gist-imatinib-resistant","refs":["invictus","ripretinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Japanese multicentre series: 17 percent response to anti-PD-1 in acral melanoma","note":"Acral melanoma","from":"acral-melanoma","refs":["nivolumab","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"JAVELIN Head and Neck 100: PD-L1 blockade with chemoradiation fails","note":"HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (including HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancer)","from":"hpv-negative-head-and-neck-cancer","refs":["javelin-hn-100"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"JCOG1009/1010: endoscopic dissection extended to small undifferentiated tumours","note":"Early gastric cancer","from":"early-gastric-cancer","refs":["jcog","endoscopic-resection"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-158 pancreatic cohort: responses in a minority, some durable","note":"Mismatch repair deficient (MSI-high) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"msi-high-pdac","refs":["pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-177: chemotherapy-free first line for dMMR; BEACON: encorafenib + cetuximab for BRAF","note":"Colorectal cancer","from":"colorectal","refs":["keynote-177","encorafenib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-177: pembrolizumab beats chemotherapy first line","note":"Mismatch-repair deficient (MSI-high) colorectal cancer","from":"msi-high-colorectal","refs":["keynote-177","thierry-andre"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-204: pembrolizumab beats brentuximab in relapse","note":"Hodgkin lymphoma","from":"hodgkin-lymphoma","refs":["keynote-204","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-522 and IMpassion031: immunotherapy raises pathological complete response","note":"Early triple-negative breast cancer","from":"tnbc-early","refs":["keynote-522","impassion031","pembrolizumab","atezolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-629: pembrolizumab approved for recurrent or metastatic disease","note":"Advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","from":"advanced-cutaneous-scc","refs":["keynote-629","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Locoregional radiotherapy added to chemotherapy improves survival in de novo metastatic disease","note":"Recurrent and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma","from":"recurrent-metastatic-nasopharyngeal-carcinoma","refs":["imrt-igrt"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lurbinectedin accelerated approval in relapsed SCLC","note":"Small-cell lung cancer","from":"sclc","refs":["lurbinectedin"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lurbinectedin approved second line on a 35 percent response rate","note":"Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer","from":"extensive-stage-sclc","refs":["lurbinectedin","jazz","pharmamar"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Luspatercept approved","note":"Myelodysplastic syndromes / neoplasms (MDS). MEDALIST in ring-sideroblast MDS after ESA failure; COMMANDS (2023) moves it to first line.","from":"mds","refs":["luspatercept"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Luspatercept approved after MEDALIST","note":"Lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes","from":"mds-lower-risk","refs":["luspatercept"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lutetium-177 dotatate reported in relapsed somatostatin-receptor-positive esthesioneuroblastoma","note":"Esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma)","from":"esthesioneuroblastoma","refs":["lutathera"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"MD Anderson reports survival gains with targeted therapy, immunotherapy and surgery","note":"Anaplastic thyroid cancer","from":"anaplastic-thyroid-cancer","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"monarchE: adjuvant abemaciclib; PALLAS negative for palbociclib","note":"HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer","from":"breast-hr-positive","refs":["monarche","pallas-penelope-b"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"monarchE: adjuvant abemaciclib; RxPONDER in node-positive disease","note":"High-risk early HR-positive breast cancer","from":"hr-positive-early-high-risk","refs":["monarche","abemaciclib","rxponder"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NAVIGATOR: avapritinib responses in 88 percent; FDA approval","note":"PDGFRA D842V-mutant GIST","from":"gist-pdgfra-d842v","refs":["avapritinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Naxitamab approved for relapsed disease (accelerated)","note":"Neuroblastoma (paediatric)","from":"neuroblastoma","refs":["naxitamab","naxitamab-201"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Naxitamab granted accelerated approval for relapsed or refractory bone or marrow disease","note":"High-risk neuroblastoma","from":"neuroblastoma-high-risk","refs":["naxitamab","naxitamab-201"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NELSON confirms the mortality benefit in Europe","note":"Lung cancer (all types). Volume CT at baseline and years 1, 3 and 5.5 in 13,195 men and 2,594 women aged 50 to 74 in the Netherlands and Belgium: a lung cancer death rate ratio of...","from":"lung-cancer","refs":["low-dose-ct-screening"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NICE NG151 and the UK surveillance guidelines","note":"Colorectal cancer. One guideline for colorectal cancer from Lynch syndrome prevention to follow-up, alongside the BSG, ACPGBI and Public Health England rules that decide who gets a...","from":"colorectal","refs":["colonoscopy-surveillance-intervals","circumferential-resection-margin","obstructing-colorectal-cancer"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Nivolumab-ipilimumab first line","note":"Mesothelioma","from":"mesothelioma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NRG CC001: hippocampal-avoidance whole-brain radiotherapy with memantine preserves cognition","note":"Brain metastases (secondary brain tumours)","from":"secondary-brain-tumours","refs":["nrg-cc001"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Oral decitabine-cedazuridine approved","note":"Higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes","from":"mds-higher-risk","refs":["decitabine-cedazuridine"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Oral decitabine-cedazuridine approved for MDS and CMML","note":"Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia and MDS/MPN overlap neoplasms","from":"cmml","refs":["decitabine-cedazuridine"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Oral metronomic methotrexate-celecoxib beats cisplatin","note":"Buccal mucosa and gingivobuccal cancer (oral cancer in India)","from":"buccal-mucosa-cancer","refs":["metronomic-vs-cisplatin-tmh"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab + chemotherapy first line","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). KEYNOTE-355 in CPS ≥10 disease.","from":"tnbc","refs":["keynote-355"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab approved (KEYNOTE-629)","note":"Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","from":"cutaneous-scc","refs":["pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab approved for BCG-unresponsive carcinoma in situ","note":"Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer","from":"non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer","refs":["pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pembrolizumab phase 2 trials report responses in about a fifth of patients","note":"Advanced and metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (ENSAT stage IV or unresectable)","from":"advanced-adrenocortical-carcinoma","refs":["pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pemigatinib: first FGFR2 inhibitor","note":"Biliary tract cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)","from":"cholangiocarcinoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pemigatinib: first FGFR2 inhibitor approved","note":"Biliary tract cancer (all types)","from":"biliary-tract-cancer","refs":["pemigatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pemigatinib: first targeted approval in biliary cancer","note":"Biliary tract cancer (cholangiocarcinoma)","from":"cholangiocarcinoma","refs":["pemigatinib","fight-202"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Phase 1 ivosidenib in IDH1-mutant chondrosarcoma reports durable stable disease","note":"Chondrosarcoma","from":"chondrosarcoma","refs":["ivosidenib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Pomalidomide approved for KS (HIV-positive and -negative)","note":"Kaposi sarcoma","from":"kaposi-sarcoma","refs":["pomalidomide"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Poorly differentiated chordoma recognised as SMARCB1-deficient entity","note":"Chordoma. WHO classification of soft tissue and bone tumours, fifth edition.","from":"chordoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PORTEC-3 molecular analysis: chemotherapy benefit concentrated in p53-abnormal tumours","note":"p53-abnormal endometrial cancer, including uterine serous carcinoma","from":"endometrial-p53-abnormal","refs":["portec-3"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PORTEC-3 molecular analysis: no benefit from chemotherapy in POLE-ultramutated tumours","note":"POLE-ultramutated endometrial cancer","from":"endometrial-pole-ultramutated","refs":["portec-3"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Post-neoadjuvant ctDNA triples the relapse hazard","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). BRE12-158's preplanned analysis of 196 residual-disease patients: distant relapse hazard ratio 2.99 and death hazard ratio 4.16 when ctDNA is...","from":"tnbc","refs":["paper-radovich-ctdna-ctc-bre12-158-jama-oncol-2020","ctdna-mrd-positive"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PREOPANC primary report; HALO-301 negative; ASCO makes biomarker testing routine","note":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy: 16.0 versus 14.3 months, R0 71 versus 40 percent. Pegvorhyaluronidase: 11.2 versus 11.5 months.","from":"pancreatic","refs":["paper-preopanc-preoperative-chemoradiotherapy-jco-2020","paper-halo-301-pegvorhyaluronidase-jco-2020","paper-asco-metastatic-pancreatic-cancer-guideline-update-jco-2020","preopanc"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PREOPANC-1: neoadjuvant chemoradiation before surgery improves long-term survival in resectable and borderline disease","note":"Resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"resectable-pdac","refs":["preopanc","chemoradiation"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PREOPANC-1: neoadjuvant chemoradiation improves clear-margin resection and long-term survival","note":"Borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","from":"borderline-resectable-pdac","refs":["preopanc","chemoradiation"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PROfound: olaparib for HRR-mutant disease","note":"Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","from":"prostate-mcrpc","refs":["profound","olaparib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"proPSMA: PSMA PET more accurate than conventional staging","note":"Localised prostate cancer, high and very high risk","from":"prostate-high-risk","refs":["propsma","psma-pet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PSMA PET approved for recurrence","note":"Biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer","from":"prostate-bcr","refs":["psma-pet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PSMA PET approved; PROfound approves olaparib for HRR-mutant mCRPC","note":"Prostate cancer","from":"prostate","refs":["ga68-psma-11","propsma","profound","olaparib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PSMA PET replaces conventional staging","note":"Prostate cancer. In 302 randomised men, PSMA PET-CT is 27% more accurate than CT with bone scan, changes management twice as often and delivers less than half the radiation.","from":"prostate","refs":["paper-propsma-hofman-lancet-2020","psma"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"RAPIDO: short-course radiotherapy then chemotherapy establishes total neoadjuvant therapy","note":"Rectal cancer","from":"rectal-cancer","refs":["rapido","total-neoadjuvant-therapy"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"REMORA: lenvatinib 38 percent response rate in thymic carcinoma","note":"Thymic carcinoma","from":"thymic-carcinoma","refs":["lenvatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"REMORA: lenvatinib in thymic carcinoma","note":"Thymoma and thymic carcinoma","from":"thymic-epithelial","refs":["lenvatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Ripretinib (INVICTUS) and avapritinib (D842V) approved; tazemetostat approved for epithelioid sarcoma","note":"Sarcomas (soft tissue, bone, GIST)","from":"sarcoma","refs":["ripretinib","invictus","avapritinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"SABR-COMET long-term results","note":"Metastatic cancer (cancer that has spread). Five-year survival more than doubles with stereotactic radiotherapy to all metastases in the randomised phase 2 trial.","from":"metastatic-cancer","refs":["sabr-comet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Sacituzumab govitecan approved","note":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ASCENT: OS 12.1 vs 6.7 months in pretreated disease; first ADC for TNBC.","from":"tnbc","refs":["ascent","sacituzumab-govitecan"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"SANET trials positive in China (surufatinib)","note":"Neuroendocrine tumours","from":"neuroendocrine","refs":["sanet"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selpercatinib (LIBRETTO-001) and pralsetinib (ARROW) approved","note":"RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer","from":"ret-fusion-nsclc","refs":["selpercatinib","nct03157128","pralsetinib","alexander-drilon"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selpercatinib and pralsetinib approved for RET-mutant MTC","note":"Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (MEN1, MEN2, MEN4)","from":"multiple-endocrine-neoplasia","refs":["selpercatinib","pralsetinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selpercatinib and pralsetinib: RET-selective inhibitors approved","note":"Thyroid cancer","from":"thyroid","refs":["selpercatinib","pralsetinib","arrow-thyroid"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selpercatinib approved","note":"Thyroid cancer","from":"thyroid","refs":["selpercatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selpercatinib approved for RET-mutant disease","note":"Medullary thyroid cancer","from":"medullary-thyroid-cancer","refs":["selpercatinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Selumetinib approved for NF1 plexiform neurofibromas, the precursor lesion","note":"Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST)","from":"malignant-peripheral-nerve-sheath-tumour","refs":["selumetinib"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"STRASS: preoperative radiotherapy does not improve abdominal recurrence-free survival","note":"Retroperitoneal sarcoma","from":"retroperitoneal-sarcoma","refs":["strass"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"STRASS: preoperative radiotherapy does not improve retroperitoneal sarcoma outcomes overall","note":"Liposarcoma","from":"liposarcoma","refs":[]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Systemic bevacizumab for severe respiratory papillomatosis reported","note":"Rare cancers of childhood (NCI PDQ umbrella)","from":"rare-childhood-cancers","refs":["bevacizumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tafasitamab-lenalidomide (L-MIND) approved for transplant-ineligible relapse","note":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","from":"dlbcl","refs":["tafasitamab","l-mind"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tata Memorial: oral metronomic chemotherapy beats cisplatin","note":"Recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma","from":"recurrent-metastatic-hnscc","refs":["metronomic-vs-cisplatin-tmh"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tazemetostat accelerated approval","note":"Epithelioid sarcoma. FDA, 23 January 2020, based on EZH-202 (Gounder and colleagues, Lancet Oncol 2020).","from":"epithelioid-sarcoma","refs":["tazemetostat"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tazemetostat approved for SMARCB1-negative epithelioid sarcoma","note":"Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour (ATRT). First EZH2 inhibitor approval; paediatric rhabdoid tumour responses in the phase 1 programme.","from":"atrt","refs":["tazemetostat","ezh2"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Three-continent gallbladder genomics","note":"Gallbladder cancer. 167 tumours from Korea, India and Chile: ELF3 frameshift neoantigens, CTNNB1, STK11 and Wnt alterations (Pandey et al., Nature Communications).","from":"gallbladder","refs":["paper-pandey-gallbladder-elf3-nat-commun-2020","ctnnb1"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TROPHIMMUN: avelumab cures most women with single-agent-resistant low-risk disease","note":"Low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (FIGO score 0 to 6)","from":"low-risk-gtn","refs":["avelumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TROPHIMMUN: avelumab in methotrexate-resistant low-risk GTN","note":"Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia","from":"gestational-trophoblastic","refs":["avelumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Tucatinib, margetuximab, Phesgo approved","note":"HER2-positive breast cancer","from":"breast-her2-positive","refs":["tucatinib","margetuximab","pertuzumab"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"VIALE-A: venetoclax plus azacitidine lengthens life; full approval","note":"Acute myeloid leukaemia in older or unfit patients","from":"aml-older-unfit","refs":["viale-a","venetoclax","azacitidine"]},{"group":"history","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"VIALE-A: venetoclax-azacitidine improves survival in unfit AML","note":"Acute myeloid leukaemia. 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receptor imaging)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"fes-pet","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"mRNA and lipid nanoparticle manufacturing","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"mrna-lnp-manufacturing","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Patient digital twins","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"digital-twin-patient-models","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PSMA PET","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"psma-pet","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"STRIDE DNA break detection (intoDNA)","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"stride-dna-break-detection","refs":[]},{"group":"technology","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Telehealth and hospital-at-home in oncology","note":"First use in humans or first approval, as the technology record states it.","from":"telehealth-oncology","refs":[]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"A Phase 1b/2, Multicenter, Open-label Study of ACP-196 in Subjects With Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) reported","from":"nct02586857","refs":["glioblastoma"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"A Study of Abemaciclib (LY2835219) in Participants With Breast Cancer reported","from":"nct02763566","refs":["metastatic-cancer","abemaciclib","fulvestrant","anastrozole"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"A Study of Ramucirumab (LY3009806) in Combination With Erlotinib in Previously Untreated Participants With EGFR Mutation-Positive Metastatic NSCLC (RE reported","from":"nct02411448","refs":["nsclc","sclc","egfr-mutant-nsclc","ramucirumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"A Study of Rovalpituzumab Tesirine as Maintenance Therapy Following First- Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Participants With Extensive Stage Small Cell Lung...","from":"nct03033511","refs":["sclc","rovalpituzumab-tesirine","dexamethasone"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"AAML1031 reported","note":"Bortezomib added to chemotherapy did not improve three-year event-free survival (44.8 percent against 47.0 percent) and added toxicity; sorafenib for high allelic ratio FLT3-ITD di...","from":"aaml1031","refs":["aml-paediatric","aml-flt3","aml","leukaemia"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ACNS0333 reported","note":"Hazard of an event 0.43 compared with the historical cohort in children under 36 months (p < 0.0005); four-year event-free survival 37 percent and overall survival 43 percent for a...","from":"acns0333","refs":["atrt","brain-tumours","childhood-cancers","carboplatin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ACTG A5263/AMC 066 reported","note":"Week-48 progression-free survival 50 percent with paclitaxel against 20 percent with oral etoposide, and 64 percent against 44 percent with bleomycin plus vincristine; both investi...","from":"actg-a5263","refs":["kaposi-sarcoma","vascular-tumours","sarcoma","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ADAURA reported","note":"OS HR 0.49.","from":"adaura","refs":["nsclc","egfr-mutant-nsclc","resectable-nsclc","osimertinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"AgeX reported","note":"Recruitment closed March 2020; the mortality endpoint is not due until the trial ends in December 2031 (ISRCTN33292440).","from":"agex","refs":["breast-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"An Open-label, Phase 2 Study of ACP-196 in Subjects With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia reported","from":"nct02180724","refs":["waldenstrom","acalabrutinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Aplidin - Dexamethasone in Relapsed/Refractory Myeloma reported","from":"nct01102426","refs":["multiple-myeloma","plitidepsin","dexamethasone"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ARTISTIC meta-analysis reported","note":"Event-free survival hazard ratio 0.95 (95 percent confidence interval 0.75 to 1.21, p=0.70) for adjuvant against early salvage radiotherapy, a 1 percentage point difference at 5 ye...","from":"artistic-meta-analysis","refs":["prostate","prostate-high-risk","prostate-bcr"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ASCENT reported","note":"OS 12.1 vs 6.7 months, HR 0.48.","from":"ascent","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-metastatic","sacituzumab-govitecan"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ASPEN (Waldenström macroglobulinaemia) reported","note":"Zanubrutinib did not significantly increase the complete or very good partial response rate over ibrutinib, but had markedly less cardiovascular and other toxicity; approved for Wa...","from":"aspen-wm","refs":["waldenstrom","non-hodgkin-lymphoma","zanubrutinib","ibrutinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Beat AML Master Trial reported","note":"Genomic assignment within seven days was feasible; patients treated on Beat AML sub-studies had median overall survival of 12.8 months against 3.9 months for those choosing standar...","from":"beat-aml-master-trial","refs":["aml","azacitidine","venetoclax","gilteritinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"BROCADE3 reported","note":"PFS 14.5 vs 12.6 months (HR 0.71, p 0.0016); final OS 32.4 vs 28.2 months (HR 0.92, p 0.43). Not licensed.","from":"brocade3","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-metastatic","breast-hr-positive","veliparib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CABONE reported","note":"Cabozantinib met the activity thresholds in both the Ewing sarcoma and osteosarcoma cohorts.","from":"cabone","refs":["osteosarcoma","ewing-sarcoma","sarcoma","cabozantinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CAPP2 reported","note":"Colorectal cancer in 9 percent of participants on aspirin against 13 percent on placebo over ten years (hazard ratio 0.65, p 0.035); hazard ratio 0.56 among those who completed two...","from":"capp2","refs":["msi-high-colorectal","aspirin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 143 reported","note":"OS 9.8 vs 10.0 months, HR 1.04 (95% CI 0.83-1.30); no benefit.","from":"checkmate-143","refs":["glioblastoma","nivolumab","bevacizumab-glioma"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 358 reported","note":"Neoadjuvant nivolumab produced pathological complete responses in a substantial share of resectable Merkel cell carcinomas, with durable responses; nivolumab also showed activity i...","from":"checkmate-358","refs":["merkel-cell-carcinoma","skin-cancer","recurrent-metastatic-cervical-cancer","cervical"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 649 reported","note":"CPS ≥5: OS 14.4 vs 11.1 months (HR 0.71); 5-year OS 16% vs 6%.","from":"checkmate-649","refs":["gastric","gastric-pdl1-high","gastric-msi-high","esophageal"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 743 reported","note":"OS 18.1 vs 14.1 months, HR 0.74; 5-year OS 14% vs 6%.","from":"checkmate-743","refs":["mesothelioma","pleural-mesothelioma","nivolumab","ipilimumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 9ER reported","note":"PFS HR 0.51; OS HR 0.77 at ~4 years (46.5 vs 36.0 months).","from":"checkmate-9er","refs":["rcc","nivolumab","cabozantinib","sunitinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CheckMate 9LA reported","note":"Median overall survival 14.1 against 10.7 months at the interim analysis (hazard ratio 0.69, p=0.00065), and 15.6 against 10.9 months with longer follow-up.","from":"checkmate-9la","refs":["nsclc","lung-squamous-cell-carcinoma","lung-adenocarcinoma","nivolumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Chemotherapy With or Without Trastuzumab After Surgery in Treating Women With Invasive Breast Cancer reported","from":"nct01275677","refs":["breast-cancer","cyclophosphamide","docetaxel","doxorubicin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ClarIDHy reported","note":"PFS HR 0.37; crossover-adjusted OS HR 0.49.","from":"claridhy","refs":["cholangiocarcinoma","intrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma","ivosidenib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"COG AALL0434 reported","note":"Nelarabine improved disease-free survival in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and Capizzi methotrexate outperformed high-dose methotrexate.","from":"aall0434","refs":["all-paediatric-high-risk","all-leukemia","nelarabine","methotrexate"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"CROWN reported","note":"5-year PFS 60% vs 8%, HR 0.19 (JCO 2024).","from":"crown","refs":["nsclc","secondary-brain-tumours","alk-positive-nsclc","lorlatinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"D-ALBA (GIMEMA LAL2116) reported","note":"18-month OS 95%, DFS 88%.","from":"d-alba","refs":["all-leukemia","dasatinib","blinatumomab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"DART (SWOG S1609): nivolumab plus ipilimumab in rare tumours reported","note":"Neuroendocrine cohort: about one in four responded, concentrated in high-grade disease; angiosarcoma cohort about one in four, mostly cutaneous scalp and face tumours; many other c...","from":"dart-s1609","refs":["rare-cancers","neuroendocrine","extrapulmonary-nec","vascular-tumours"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"DESKTOP III / ENGOT-ov20 reported","note":"OS 53.7 vs 46.0 months (HR 0.75).","from":"desktop-iii","refs":["ovarian","high-grade-serous-ovarian-cancer","platinum-sensitive-ovarian-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"DESTINY-Gastric01 reported","note":"Higher objective response rate and longer overall survival with trastuzumab deruxtecan than with irinotecan or paclitaxel; approved in January 2021.","from":"destiny-gastric01","refs":["gastric-her2-positive","gastric","trastuzumab-deruxtecan","irinotecan"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ERGO2: ketogenic diet and fasting during re-irradiation of recurrent glioma reported","note":"6-month PFS 20% vs 16%; median OS 11.1 vs 10.5 months; no benefit.","from":"ergo2","refs":["glioblastoma"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Euro Ewing 2012 reported","note":"EFS HR 0.71; OS HR 0.62 favouring VDC/IE.","from":"euro-ewing-2012","refs":["sarcoma","doxorubicin","ifosfamide","treosulfan"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"FAST (5-fraction whole-breast radiotherapy) reported","note":"At ten years, 28.5 Gy in five once-weekly fractions gave normal-tissue effects no worse than 50 Gy in twenty-five (odds ratio 1.22, 0.87 to 1.72), while 30 Gy was worse (2.12, 1.55...","from":"fast-trial","refs":["breast-cancer","breast-hr-positive","breast-her2-positive","tnbc"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"FAST-Forward reported","note":"5-year ipsilateral breast tumour relapse 1.4% (26 Gy in 5) vs 2.1% (40 Gy in 15), non-inferior.","from":"fast-forward","refs":["breast-hr-positive","breast-her2-positive","tnbc","breast-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"FIGHT-202 reported","note":"ORR 37%; PFS 7.0 months; OS 17.5 months.","from":"fight-202","refs":["cholangiocarcinoma","intrahepatic-cholangiocarcinoma","pemigatinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"GARNET reported","note":"Dostarlimab produced durable objective responses in roughly four in ten patients with mismatch repair-deficient recurrent endometrial cancer; accelerated approval in April 2021.","from":"garnet","refs":["endometrial-mmr-deficient","endometrial","dostarlimab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Gefitinib vs gefitinib plus pemetrexed-carboplatin in EGFR-mutant lung cancer (Tata Memorial) reported","note":"PFS 16 vs 8 months (HR 0.51); OS not reached vs 17 months (HR 0.45).","from":"gefitinib-chemo-tmh","refs":["nsclc","egfr-mutant-nsclc","gefitinib","pemetrexed"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"GEICAM/2003-11_CIBOMA/2004-01 reported","note":"DFS HR 0.82 (0.63 to 1.06), p 0.136, not significant; non-basal subgroup DFS HR 0.53 vs basal 0.94 (interaction p 0.069).","from":"geicam-ciboma","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-early","capecitabine"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"GEOMETRY mono-1 reported","note":"Response rate 68% (treatment-naive, n=28) and 41% (previously treated, n=69) in MET exon 14 skipping disease; about a third in high-level MET amplification.","from":"geometry-mono-1","refs":["nsclc","met-altered-nsclc","capmatinib","crizotinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"GETUG-AFU 17 reported","note":"Five-year event-free survival 92 percent with adjuvant against 90 percent with salvage radiotherapy (hazard ratio 0.81, 95 percent confidence interval 0.48 to 1.36); late grade 2 o...","from":"getug-afu-17","refs":["prostate","prostate-high-risk","prostate-bcr","triptorelin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"HALO 109-301 reported","note":"Median overall survival 11.2 months with PEGPH20 plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine against 11.5 months with placebo (hazard ratio 1.00, 95 percent confidence interval 0.80 to 1.2...","from":"halo-301","refs":["pancreatic","metastatic-pdac","pegvorhyaluronidase-alfa","gemcitabine-nab-paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"HERO reported","note":"Sustained castration through 48 weeks in 96.7 against 88.8 percent (difference 7.9 percentage points, 95 percent confidence interval 4.1 to 11.8, superior, p<0.001); castrate testo...","from":"hero","refs":["prostate","prostate-mhspc","prostate-high-risk","relugolix"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IBIS-II (International Breast Intervention Study II) reported","note":"Breast cancer in 85 of 1,920 on anastrozole against 165 of 1,944 on placebo after a median 131 months, hazard ratio 0.51 (Lancet 2020).","from":"ibis-ii","refs":["breast-cancer","anastrozole","tamoxifen"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMbrave150 reported","note":"OS 19.2 vs 13.4 months, HR 0.66.","from":"imbrave150","refs":["hcc","hcc-advanced","atezolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMpassion031 reported","note":"Pathological complete response 58% vs 41% (all patients); 69% vs 49% in PD-L1-positive disease.","from":"impassion031","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-early","atezolizumab","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMpassion131 reported","note":"PFS HR 0.82 (not significant); OS trend unfavourable; US indication withdrawn 2021.","from":"impassion131","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-metastatic","atezolizumab","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMpower110 reported","note":"In the PD-L1-highest subgroup, median overall survival 20.2 against 13.1 months (hazard ratio 0.59, p=0.01).","from":"impower110","refs":["pdl1-high-nsclc","nsclc","atezolizumab","carboplatin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"IMspire150 reported","note":"Atezolizumab added to vemurafenib and cobimetinib prolonged investigator-assessed progression-free survival in BRAF V600-mutant melanoma, without an overall survival benefit; appro...","from":"imspire150","refs":["braf-v600-melanoma","melanoma","atezolizumab","vemurafenib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Inter-B-NHL Ritux 2010 reported","note":"3-year EFS 93.9% vs 82.3%, HR 0.32; OS also improved.","from":"inter-b-nhl-ritux-2010","refs":["burkitt-lymphoma","dlbcl","rituximab","methotrexate"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"InterAACT reported","note":"Response rate 57 percent with cisplatin-fluorouracil against 59 percent with carboplatin-paclitaxel; serious adverse events 62 against 36 percent; median overall survival 12.3 agai...","from":"interaact","refs":["metastatic-anal-cancer","anal","carboplatin","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"INVICTUS reported","note":"PFS HR 0.15; OS HR 0.36.","from":"invictus","refs":["sarcoma","gist-imatinib-resistant","ripretinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"JAVELIN Bladder 100 reported","note":"OS 21.4 vs 14.3 months, HR 0.69.","from":"javelin-bladder-100","refs":["urothelial","avelumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"JAVELIN Head and Neck 100 reported","note":"PFS HR 1.21; futility.","from":"javelin-hn-100","refs":["head-and-neck","hpv-negative-head-and-neck-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-057 reported","note":"Pembrolizumab produced complete responses in a substantial minority of patients with BCG-unresponsive carcinoma in situ, about half of them lasting a year or more; approved in Janu...","from":"keynote-057","refs":["non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer","urothelial","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-062 reported","note":"Pembrolizumab alone was non-inferior to chemotherapy for overall survival in PD-L1-positive disease; pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy was not superior to chemotherapy; large benefit...","from":"keynote-062","refs":["gastric-pdl1-high","gastric-msi-high","gastric","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-158 reported","note":"Biliary cohort ORR 5.8% (6/104); median OS 7.4 months; median PFS 2.0 months; median duration of response not reached.","from":"keynote-158","refs":["gallbladder","cholangiocarcinoma","biliary-tract-cancer","msi-high-pdac"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-177 reported","note":"PFS 16.5 vs 8.2 months (HR 0.60); 5-year OS 54.8%, median OS 77.5 months.","from":"keynote-177","refs":["colorectal","msi-high-colorectal","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-204 reported","note":"PFS 13.2 vs 8.3 months, HR 0.65.","from":"keynote-204","refs":["hodgkin-lymphoma","relapsed-refractory-hodgkin-lymphoma","pembrolizumab","brentuximab-vedotin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-355 reported","note":"OS HR 0.73 in CPS ≥10.","from":"keynote-355","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-metastatic","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-522 reported","note":"EFS HR 0.63; OS HR 0.66 (5-year); 7-year OS 85.1% vs 77.2%.","from":"keynote-522","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-early","pembrolizumab","carboplatin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-590 reported","note":"OS 12.4 vs 9.8 months (HR 0.73); 5-year OS HR 0.72.","from":"keynote-590","refs":["esophageal","oesophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma","oesophageal-adenocarcinoma","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"KEYNOTE-629 reported","note":"Objective response 34% in recurrent or metastatic disease and 50% in locally advanced disease.","from":"keynote-629","refs":["advanced-cutaneous-scc","cutaneous-scc","skin-cancer","pembrolizumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"L-MIND reported","note":"ORR 60%, CR 43%.","from":"l-mind","refs":["dlbcl","tafasitamab","lenalidomide"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lung-MAP (SWOG S1400 and S1900) reported","note":"Genotype-matched targeted arms (taselisib, palbociclib, AZD4547) closed for futility; nivolumab plus ipilimumab did not beat nivolumab (S1400I); ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab impr...","from":"lung-map","refs":["nsclc","lung-cancer","durvalumab","tremelimumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Lurbinectedin basket trial, small-cell lung cancer cohort reported","note":"Objective response 35.2 percent (37 of 105); grade 3-4 neutropenia in 46 percent.","from":"lurbinectedin-basket-sclc","refs":["extensive-stage-sclc","sclc","lurbinectedin","topotecan"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"MEDALIST reported","note":"Luspatercept produced transfusion independence for eight weeks or longer in significantly more patients than placebo; approved in April 2020.","from":"medalist","refs":["mds-lower-risk","mds","luspatercept"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"monarchE reported","note":"iDFS HR 0.68.","from":"monarche","refs":["breast-hr-positive","hr-positive-early-high-risk","abemaciclib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"MSB-GVHD001 reported","note":"Day-28 overall response 70.4% in 54 treated children, above the prespecified 45% historical control; overall survival 74.1% at day 100 and 68.5% at day 180.","from":"msb-gvhd001","refs":["remestemcel-l"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NALA reported","note":"Neratinib plus capecitabine improved progression-free survival over lapatinib plus capecitabine and reduced interventions for central nervous system disease; approved in February 2...","from":"nala","refs":["her2-positive-breast-brain-metastases","breast-her2-positive","breast-cancer","neratinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"National Lung Matrix Trial reported","note":"Most of the 22 biomarker-drug cohorts did not meet their pre-set efficacy thresholds; the trial demonstrated national molecular screening and the limits of single-agent matching.","from":"national-lung-matrix-trial","refs":["nsclc","palbociclib","crizotinib","selumetinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NAVIGATOR reported","note":"Very high, durable response rate in PDGFRA D842V-mutant GIST; approved for that indication in January 2020.","from":"navigator","refs":["gist-pdgfra-d842v","gist","sarcoma","avapritinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Naxitamab Study 201 reported","note":"ORR 50%.","from":"naxitamab-201","refs":["neuroblastoma","neuroblastoma-high-risk","naxitamab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NCI-MATCH (EAY131) reported","note":"5,954 patients enrolled; 17.8 percent assigned to an arm. Dabrafenib plus trametinib in BRAF V600 tumours (38 percent response) and nivolumab in dMMR non-colorectal tumours (36 per...","from":"nci-match","refs":["rare-cancers","dabrafenib","trametinib","nivolumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"New EPOC reported","note":"Median overall survival 55.4 months with cetuximab against 81.0 months without (hazard ratio 1.45).","from":"new-epoc","refs":["colorectal","cetuximab","folfox","capox"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"NRG CC001 reported","note":"Cognitive failure hazard ratio 0.74 with hippocampal avoidance; no difference in intracranial control or survival.","from":"nrg-cc001","refs":["brain-tumours","metastatic-cancer","secondary-brain-tumours","memantine"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Oral metronomic chemotherapy vs intravenous cisplatin (Tata Memorial) reported","note":"Median OS 7.5 vs 6.1 months, HR 0.773; grade 3+ adverse events 19% vs 30%.","from":"metronomic-vs-cisplatin-tmh","refs":["head-and-neck","oral-cavity-cancer","recurrent-metastatic-hnscc","buccal-mucosa-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ORIENT-11 reported","note":"PFS 8.9 vs 5.0 months, HR 0.482.","from":"orient-11","refs":["nsclc","sintilimab","pemetrexed"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ORIOLE reported","note":"Progression at 6 months 19 percent after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy against 61 percent under observation (p=0.005); total consolidation of PSMA-avid disease reduced new les...","from":"oriole","refs":["prostate","prostate-bcr","prostate-mhspc"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PAKT reported","note":"PFS 5.9 vs 4.2 months (HR 0.74); OS 19.1 vs 12.6 months (HR 0.61, p 0.04); PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN-altered PFS 9.3 vs 3.7 months (HR 0.30). Not confirmed by CAPItello-290.","from":"pakt","refs":["tnbc","tnbc-metastatic","capivasertib","paclitaxel"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PALLAS & PENELOPE-B reported","note":"PALLAS iDFS HR 0.96; PENELOPE-B iDFS HR 0.93; both null.","from":"pallas-penelope-b","refs":["breast-hr-positive","hr-positive-early-high-risk","palbociclib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PANFIRE-2 reported","note":"Median overall survival 17 months from diagnosis (95 percent confidence interval 15 to 19) and 10 months from electroporation in locally advanced disease; local recurrence 46 perce...","from":"panfire-2","refs":["pancreatic","locally-advanced-pdac"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"plasmaMATCH reported","note":"Circulating tumour DNA matched tissue genotyping with about 93 percent sensitivity; neratinib (HER2 mutations) and capivasertib plus fulvestrant (AKT1 mutations, receptor-positive)...","from":"plasmamatch","refs":["breast-cancer","breast-hr-positive","tnbc","fulvestrant"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PROfound reported","note":"rPFS HR 0.34; OS HR 0.69 (cohort A).","from":"profound","refs":["prostate","prostate-mcrpc","olaparib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PROPHYLOCHIP-PRODIGE 15 reported","note":"Three-year disease-free survival 44 percent with second-look surgery and HIPEC against 53 percent with surveillance.","from":"prophylochip","refs":["colorectal","oxaliplatin","irinotecan","mitomycin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"proPSMA reported","note":"Accuracy 92% vs 65%.","from":"propsma","refs":["prostate","prostate-high-risk"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"PROUD-PV and CONTINUATION-PV reported","note":"By 36 months, complete haematological response with improved disease burden and molecular response were both more frequent with ropeginterferon than hydroxyurea.","from":"proud-pv","refs":["polycythaemia-vera","myeloproliferative-neoplasms","ropeginterferon-alfa-2b","hydroxyurea"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"QUAZAR AML-001 reported","note":"Median overall survival 24.7 months with oral azacitidine against 14.8 months with placebo (hazard ratio 0.69); approved in the United States in September 2020.","from":"quazar-aml-001","refs":["aml","aml-older-unfit","leukaemia","azacitidine"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"RADICALS-RT reported","note":"Five-year biochemical progression-free survival 85 percent with adjuvant against 88 percent with early salvage radiotherapy (hazard ratio 1.10, 95 percent confidence interval 0.81...","from":"radicals-rt","refs":["prostate","prostate-high-risk","prostate-bcr"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"RAPIDO reported","note":"3-year disease-related treatment failure 23.7% vs 30.4%; pathological complete response 28% vs 14%.","from":"rapido","refs":["colorectal","rectal-cancer","capecitabine","oxaliplatin"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Rasburicase in Patients at High Risk for Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) During Cycle-2 reported","from":"nct01200485","refs":["leukaemia","rasburicase"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"RAVES (TROG 08.03/ANZUP) reported","note":"Five-year freedom from biochemical progression 87 percent with early salvage against 86 percent with adjuvant radiotherapy (hazard ratio 1.12, 95 percent confidence interval 0.65 t...","from":"raves","refs":["prostate","prostate-high-risk","prostate-bcr"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ROAR (Rare Oncology Agnostic Research) basket: BRAF V600E biliary tract cancer cohort reported","note":"Biliary cohort ORR 51% (22/43, investigator) and 47% (independent review); grade 3 or worse GGT rise 12%.","from":"roar","refs":["gallbladder","cholangiocarcinoma","biliary-tract-cancer","rare-cancers"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"RxPONDER (SWOG S1007) reported","note":"No chemo benefit postmenopausal; iDFS HR 0.60 with chemo premenopausal.","from":"rxponder","refs":["breast-hr-positive","hr-positive-early-high-risk","oncotype-dx"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"SANET-ep and SANET-p reported","note":"PFS HR 0.33 (ep), 0.49 (p).","from":"sanet","refs":["neuroendocrine","surufatinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"Savolitinib vs. Sunitinib in MET-driven PRCC. reported","from":"nct03091192","refs":["rcc","papillary-rcc","savolitinib","sunitinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"STRASS (EORTC 62092) reported","note":"Abdominal recurrence-free survival not improved by preoperative radiotherapy; possible benefit in liposarcoma subgroups only.","from":"strass","refs":["retroperitoneal-sarcoma","liposarcoma","leiomyosarcoma","sarcoma"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TAPUR (Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry) reported","note":"Continuous cohort reporting: positive signals for pembrolizumab in high tumour mutational burden cancers and trastuzumab plus pertuzumab in ERBB2-amplified colorectal cancer; palbo...","from":"tapur","refs":["rare-cancers","colorectal","nsclc","breast-cancer"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TARGIT-A (targeted intraoperative radiotherapy) reported","note":"Five-year local recurrence 2.11 percent with single-dose intraoperative radiotherapy against 0.95 percent with external beam, meeting the 2.5 percent non-inferiority margin; at a m...","from":"targit-a","refs":["breast-cancer","breast-hr-positive","breast-her2-positive","tnbc"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TELESTO reported","note":"Median event-free survival 1,440 days with deferasirox against 1,091 days with placebo (hazard ratio 0.636, p 0.015).","from":"telesto","refs":["mds-lower-risk","mds"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TRIBE2 reported","note":"Progression-free survival 2 of 19.2 against 16.4 months (hazard ratio 0.74).","from":"tribe2","refs":["colorectal","folfoxiri","folfox","folfiri"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"TROPHIMMUN reported","note":"hCG normalisation in 8 of 15 women (53 percent) with single-agent chemotherapy-resistant disease, none of whom relapsed; grade 1 to 2 adverse events in 93 percent and no treatment-...","from":"trophimmun","refs":["low-risk-gtn","gestational-trophoblastic","avelumab"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"VIALE-A reported","note":"OS 14.7 vs 9.6 months, HR 0.66; CR 36.7% vs 17.9%.","from":"viale-a","refs":["aml","aml-older-unfit","venetoclax","azacitidine"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"VISION (tepotinib) reported","note":"Independent-review objective response 46% (95% CI 36 to 57) among 99 patients with at least nine months of follow-up; median duration of response 11.1 months (Paik, NEJM 2020).","from":"nct02864992","refs":["nsclc","met-altered-nsclc","tepotinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"VOYAGER reported","note":"PFS HR 1.25 (negative).","from":"voyager","refs":["sarcoma","gist-pdgfra-d842v","avapritinib"]},{"group":"trial","date":"2020","precision":"year","title":"ZUMA-2 reported","note":"High objective and complete response rates with durable remissions in mantle cell lymphoma after BTK inhibitor failure; approved in July 2020.","from":"zuma-2","refs":["mantle-cell-lymphoma","non-hodgkin-lymphoma","brexucabtagene-autoleucel"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-01-23","precision":"day","title":"Tazemetostat: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, epithelioid sarcoma","from":"tazemetostat","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-03","precision":"month","title":"Signatera: approval (US)","note":"Medicare coverage (MolDX) for stage II-III colorectal cancer","from":"signatera","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-03-27","precision":"day","title":"Durvalumab: approval (US)","note":"Extensive-stage SCLC with chemotherapy (CASPIAN)","from":"durvalumab","refs":[]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-04","precision":"month","title":"NCCN 2020 update for HER2-positive breast cancer","note":"1 row added. Anchored to FDA approval of tucatinib, April 2020 (HER2CLIMB).","from":"breast-her2-positive","refs":["tucatinib","her2climb"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-04","precision":"month","title":"Cetuximab: approval (US)","note":"With encorafenib for BRAF V600E mCRC (BEACON)","from":"cetuximab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-04-08","precision":"day","title":"Encorafenib: approval (US)","note":"BRAF V600E metastatic CRC with cetuximab after prior therapy (BEACON)","from":"encorafenib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-04-17","precision":"day","title":"Tucatinib: approval (US)","note":"HER2+ metastatic breast cancer including brain metastases, with trastuzumab and capecitabine (HER2CLIMB)","from":"tucatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-04-22","precision":"day","title":"Sacituzumab govitecan: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, metastatic TNBC after ≥2 prior therapies","from":"sacituzumab-govitecan","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-04-29","precision":"day","title":"Niraparib: approval (US)","note":"First-line ovarian maintenance, all-comers (PRIMA)","from":"niraparib","refs":[]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-05","precision":"month","title":"NCCN 2018-2020 updates for Ovarian cancer","note":"1 row added. Anchored to FDA approvals of first-line maintenance olaparib (December 2018, SOLO-1), niraparib (April 2020, PRIMA) and olaparib with bevacizumab (May 2020, PAOLA-1).","from":"ovarian","refs":["olaparib","niraparib","bevacizumab","solo-1"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-01","precision":"day","title":"Daratumumab: approval (US)","note":"Subcutaneous Darzalex Faspro","from":"daratumumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-08","precision":"day","title":"Bevacizumab: approval (US)","note":"With olaparib as HRD-positive maintenance (PAOLA-1)","from":"bevacizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-08","precision":"day","title":"Selpercatinib: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, RET-fusion NSCLC and thyroid cancer, RET-mutant MTC (LIBRETTO-001)","from":"selpercatinib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-15","precision":"day","title":"Ipilimumab: approval (US)","note":"With nivolumab in first-line NSCLC (CheckMate 227) and HCC","from":"ipilimumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-15","precision":"day","title":"Ripretinib: approval (US)","note":"INVICTUS","from":"ripretinib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-19","precision":"day","title":"Olaparib: approval (US)","note":"HRR-mutant mCRPC (PROfound)","from":"olaparib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-05-29","precision":"day","title":"Atezolizumab: approval (US)","note":"Unresectable HCC with bevacizumab (IMbrave150)","from":"atezolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-06","precision":"month","title":"ESMO ESMO CPG acute myeloid leukaemia in adults 2020 (Heuser et al.) for Acute myeloid leukaemia","note":"2 rows added. Anchored to Annals of Oncology publication, 2020.","from":"aml","refs":["venetoclax","azacitidine","viale-a","gilteritinib"]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-06","precision":"month","title":"NCCN 2019-2020 updates for Bladder & urothelial cancer","note":"2 rows added. Anchored to FDA accelerated approval of enfortumab vedotin (December 2019) and approval of avelumab maintenance (June 2020, JAVELIN Bladder 100).","from":"urothelial","refs":["enfortumab-vedotin","avelumab","javelin-bladder-100"]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-06","precision":"month","title":"NCCN 2020 updates for Colorectal cancer","note":"1 row added, 1 row recategorised. Anchored to FDA approvals of encorafenib with cetuximab (April 2020, BEACON) and first-line pembrolizumab for MSI-high disease (June 2020, KEYNOTE...","from":"colorectal","refs":["encorafenib","cetuximab","pembrolizumab","keynote-177"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-06","precision":"month","title":"FoundationOne CDx / Liquid CDx: label change (US)","note":"TMB ≥10 mut/Mb companion claim for pembrolizumab","from":"foundationone-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-06-15","precision":"day","title":"Lurbinectedin: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, second-line SCLC","from":"lurbinectedin","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-06-16","precision":"day","title":"Pembrolizumab: approval (US)","note":"TMB-high solid tumours (tumour-agnostic)","from":"pembrolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-06-18","precision":"day","title":"Tazemetostat: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, follicular lymphoma","from":"tazemetostat","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-06-29","precision":"day","title":"Pertuzumab: approval (US)","note":"Phesgo SC","from":"pertuzumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-06-29","precision":"day","title":"Trastuzumab: approval (US)","note":"Phesgo (pertuzumab, trastuzumab, hyaluronidase) subcutaneous","from":"trastuzumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-07-07","precision":"day","title":"Decitabine + cedazuridine (oral): approval (US)","note":"MDS/CMML","from":"decitabine-cedazuridine","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-07-31","precision":"day","title":"Tafasitamab: approval (US)","note":"L-MIND accelerated approval","from":"tafasitamab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-08-05","precision":"day","title":"Belantamab mafodotin: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval, relapsed/refractory myeloma after ≥4 lines (DREAMM-2)","from":"belantamab-mafodotin","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-08-26","precision":"day","title":"FoundationOne CDx / Liquid CDx: approval (US)","note":"FoundationOne Liquid CDx approved","from":"foundationone-cdx","refs":[]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-09","precision":"month","title":"ESMO ESMO CPG prostate cancer 2020 (Parker et al.) for Prostate cancer","note":"2 rows added. Anchored to Annals of Oncology publication, 2020.","from":"prostate","refs":["abiraterone","enzalutamide","apalutamide","docetaxel"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-09","precision":"month","title":"Disitamab vedotin: designation (US)","note":"Breakthrough Therapy designation, HER2+ urothelial cancer","from":"disitamab-vedotin","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-09-01","precision":"day","title":"Azacitidine: approval (US)","note":"Onureg maintenance in AML","from":"azacitidine","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-09-25","precision":"day","title":"Cetuximab sarotalocan: approval (Japan)","note":"World-first approval of a photoimmunotherapy drug","from":"cetuximab-sarotalocan","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-10-02","precision":"day","title":"Ipilimumab: approval (US)","note":"With nivolumab in mesothelioma (CheckMate 743)","from":"ipilimumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-10-16","precision":"day","title":"Azacitidine: approval (US)","note":"Venetoclax + azacitidine full approval in unfit AML (VIALE-A)","from":"azacitidine","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-10-16","precision":"day","title":"Venetoclax: approval (US)","note":"Full approval in AML (VIALE-A)","from":"venetoclax","refs":[]},{"group":"guideline","date":"2020-11","precision":"month","title":"NCCN 2020 updates for Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)","note":"2 rows added. Anchored to FDA accelerated approval of sacituzumab govitecan (April 2020) and approval of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy for PD-L1 CPS 10 or above (November 2020, K...","from":"tnbc","refs":["sacituzumab-govitecan","ascent","pembrolizumab","keynote-355"]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-11-13","precision":"day","title":"Pembrolizumab: approval (US)","note":"Metastatic TNBC, PD-L1 CPS ≥10, with chemotherapy (KEYNOTE-355)","from":"pembrolizumab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-11-25","precision":"day","title":"Naxitamab: approval (US)","note":"Accelerated approval (Study 201, 12-230)","from":"naxitamab","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-12","precision":"month","title":"Oncotype DX: label change (US)","note":"RxPONDER extends to 1-3 positive nodes (postmenopausal)","from":"oncotype-dx","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-12","precision":"month","title":"Sotorasib: designation (US)","note":"Breakthrough Therapy designation","from":"sotorasib","refs":[]},{"group":"regulatory","date":"2020-12-18","precision":"day","title":"Osimertinib: approval (US)","note":"Adjuvant EGFR-mutant NSCLC after resection (ADAURA)","from":"osimertinib","refs":[]}]},"route":"/years/2020/","neighbours":{"year":[{"id":"2019","kind":"year","name":"2019 in oncology","route":"/years/2019/"},{"id":"2021","kind":"year","name":"2021 in oncology","route":"/years/2021/"}]}}