{"entity":{"id":"blk","kind":"target","name":"BLK","aka":["BLK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase","Tyrosine-protein kinase Blk","MGC10442"],"tldr":"BLK (Tyrosine-protein kinase Blk) is a protein kinase, an enzyme that switches other proteins on by adding phosphate groups. The public catalogues list it as a drug target and a biomarker, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Leukaemia, Myeloproliferative neoplasms, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 2 more.","summary":"Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in B-lymphocyte development, differentiation and signalling. B-cell receptor (BCR) signalling requires a tight regulation of several protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, and associated coreceptors. Binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signalling that ultimately leads to B-cell activation.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Ibrutinib. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.68 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.81, genetic association 0.48, clinical 0.96).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1057","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1057"},{"label":"UniProt P51451","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P51451/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 640","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/640"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000136573","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000136573"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets"],"cancers":["leukaemia","myeloproliferative-neoplasms","non-hodgkin-lymphoma","cml","all-leukemia"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.97; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"approved-drug\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.","Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"BLK","role":["drug-target","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"approved-drug","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1057","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1057","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P51451","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P51451/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene BLK","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/594","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000136573","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000136573/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.68; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 0.55, non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.56, chronic myelogenous leukaemia, BCR-ABL1 positive 0.60, myeloproliferative neoplasm 0.60, leukaemia 0.61 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:1057","ensembl":"ENSG00000136573","uniprot":"P51451","entrez":"640","biology":"Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in B-lymphocyte development, differentiation and signalling. B-cell receptor (BCR) signalling requires a tight regulation of several protein tyrosine kinases and phosphatases, and associated coreceptors. Binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signalling that ultimately leads to B-cell activation. Signalling through BLK plays an important role in transmitting signals through surface immunoglobulins and supports the pro-B to pre-B transition, as well as the signalling for growth arrest and apoptosis downstream of B-cell receptor. Specifically binds and phosphorylates CD79A at 'Tyr-188'and 'Tyr-199', as well as CD79B at 'Tyr-196' and 'Tyr-207'. Also phosphorylates the immunoglobulin G receptors FCGR2A, FCGR2B and FCGR2C. Location: Cell membrane (UniProt). Locus 8p23.1 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.61 with leukaemia (MONDO_0005059)","Myeloproliferative neoplasms: Open Targets association 0.60 with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MONDO_0020076)","Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.56 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MONDO_0018908)","Chronic myeloid leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.60 with chronic myelogenous leukaemia, BCR-ABL1 positive (MONDO_0011996)","Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.55 with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (MONDO_0004967)"],"targetClass":"kinase","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/blk/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"all-leukemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","route":"/cancers/all-leukemia/"},{"id":"cml","kind":"cancer","name":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)","route":"/cancers/cml/"},{"id":"leukaemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Leukaemia (all types)","route":"/cancers/leukaemia/"},{"id":"myeloproliferative-neoplasms","kind":"cancer","name":"Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis)","route":"/cancers/myeloproliferative-neoplasms/"},{"id":"non-hodgkin-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)","route":"/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/"}]}}