{"entity":{"id":"bmp2","kind":"target","name":"BMP2","aka":["bone morphogenetic protein 2","Bone morphogenetic protein 2","BMP2A"],"tldr":"BMP2 (Bone morphogenetic protein 2) is a gene. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role. Tied to Colorectal cancer.","summary":"Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Induces cartilage and bone formation. Initiates the canonical BMP signalling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2.\n\nOpen Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.51 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.99, genetic association 0.64).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1069","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1069"},{"label":"UniProt P12643","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P12643/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 650","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/650"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000125845","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000125845"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["open-targets"],"cancers":["colorectal"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier \"association-only\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"BMP2","role":[],"evidenceTier":"association-only","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1069","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1069","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P12643","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P12643/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000125845","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000125845/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.51; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: colorectal cancer 0.51 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:1069","ensembl":"ENSG00000125845","uniprot":"P12643","entrez":"650","biology":"Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Induces cartilage and bone formation. Initiates the canonical BMP signalling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. Also acts to promote expression of HAMP, via the interaction with its receptor BMPR1A/ALK3. Location: Secreted (UniProt). Locus 20p12.3 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Colorectal cancer: Open Targets association 0.51 with colorectal cancer (MONDO_0005575)"],"targetClass":"other","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/bmp2/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"}]}}