{"entity":{"id":"btla","kind":"target","name":"BTLA","aka":["B and T lymphocyte associated","CD272","BTLA1"],"tldr":"BTLA is a brake on T and B cells that is pressed by HVEM, a molecule many tumours carry. An antibody that blocks it is being tested with PD-1 blockade in small-cell lung cancer.","summary":"BTLA (chromosome 3q13.2) is an inhibitory receptor on lymphocytes that negatively regulates antigen-receptor signalling through the phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2, and can interact with TNFRSF14 (HVEM) in cis on the same cell or in trans on other cells; in cis it appears to restrain trans interactions in naive T cells (UniProt Q7Z6A9). Its partner HVEM binds four distinct ligands, LIGHT, lymphotoxin-alpha, BTLA and CD160, forming a network of stimulatory and inhibitory signals (UniProt Q92956). Tifcemalimab, an anti-BTLA antibody, is in a phase 3 consolidation study with toripalimab in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06095583).","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:21087","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:21087"},{"label":"UniProt Q7Z6A9","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q7Z6A9/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 151888","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/151888"},{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06095583","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06095583"}],"tags":["checkpoint-map"],"related":["tnfrsf14","toripalimab","pd1"],"cancers":["sclc"],"sections":[],"technologies":["checkpoint-inhibitor"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["pd1-checkpoint"],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Prevalence not recorded: HGNC and UniProt carry no positivity rates."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"OnCo checkpoint map (HGNC REST, UniProt REST, ClinicalTrials.gov v2)","editedOn":"2026-09-24"},"symbol":"BTLA","role":["immune-checkpoint"],"sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:21087","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:21087","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases and cross-references"},{"label":"UniProt Q7Z6A9","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q7Z6A9/entry","note":"protein name, function and tissue specificity"}],"specificitySources":[],"hgnc":"HGNC:21087","ensembl":"ENSG00000186265","uniprot":"Q7Z6A9","entrez":"151888","biology":"An immunoglobulin-superfamily receptor with ITIM motifs; the HVEM interaction is the only established ligand pair.","whereFound":["Lymphocytes (UniProt Q7Z6A9)","Small-cell lung cancer trials of tifcemalimab with toripalimab (NCT06095583)"],"targetClass":"checkpoint","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/btla/","neighbours":{"target":[{"id":"pd1","kind":"target","name":"PD-1","route":"/targets/pd1/"},{"id":"tnfrsf14","kind":"target","name":"TNFRSF14","route":"/targets/tnfrsf14/"}],"drug":[{"id":"toripalimab","kind":"drug","name":"Toripalimab","route":"/drugs/toripalimab/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"sclc","kind":"cancer","name":"Small-cell lung cancer","route":"/cancers/sclc/"}],"technology":[{"id":"checkpoint-inhibitor","kind":"technology","name":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors","route":"/technologies/checkpoint-inhibitor/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"pd1-checkpoint","kind":"pathway","name":"PD-1 / PD-L1 immune checkpoint & T-cell activation","route":"/pathways/pd1-checkpoint/"}],"term":[{"id":"checkpoint","kind":"term","name":"Checkpoint (two meanings)","route":"/terms/checkpoint/"}]}}