{"entity":{"id":"cairo3","kind":"trial","name":"CAIRO3","aka":[],"tldr":"After six cycles of chemotherapy, staying on a low-dose tablet and the antibody delayed the cancer's return without spoiling quality of life.","summary":"CAIRO3 randomised 558 patients whose metastatic colorectal cancer was stable or responding after six three-weekly cycles of capecitabine, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab to maintenance capecitabine with bevacizumab or to observation, with the induction regimen reintroduced at first progression in both arms. The primary endpoint, progression-free survival 2, was 11.7 months with maintenance against 8.5 months with observation (hazard ratio 0.67, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.81), and quality of life was not compromised. CAIRO3 is why induction followed by maintenance, rather than continuous full-dose chemotherapy, is the shape of first-line treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer.","status":"positive","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00442637","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00442637"},{"label":"CAIRO3: maintenance treatment with capecitabine and bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer (Lancet 2015)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62004-3"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["colorectal"],"sections":[],"technologies":["cytotoxic-chemotherapy","antiangiogenic"],"targets":["vegf"],"drugs":["capecitabine","bevacizumab","capox"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"nct":"NCT00442637","phase":"3","setting":"Metastatic colorectal cancer stable or better after six cycles of CAPOX and bevacizumab: maintenance capecitabine and bevacizumab against observation","sponsor":"Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group","result":"Progression-free survival 2 of 11.7 against 8.5 months (hazard ratio 0.67), with no loss of quality of life.","yearReported":2015,"enrolled":558,"enrolledBasis":"randomised","enrolledNote":"The registry lists 635 participants; 558 were randomised after induction chemotherapy in the Lancet report.","outcomes":[{"endpoint":"Progression-free survival 2","primary":true,"unit":"months","arms":[{"name":"Maintenance capecitabine and bevacizumab","n":279,"value":11.7},{"name":"Observation","n":279,"value":8.5}],"hr":0.67,"ci":[0.56,0.81],"source":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62004-3"}]},"route":"/trials/cairo3/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"}],"technology":[{"id":"antiangiogenic","kind":"technology","name":"Anti-angiogenic therapy","route":"/technologies/antiangiogenic/"},{"id":"cytotoxic-chemotherapy","kind":"technology","name":"Cytotoxic chemotherapy","route":"/technologies/cytotoxic-chemotherapy/"}],"target":[{"id":"vegf","kind":"target","name":"VEGF / VEGFR","route":"/targets/vegf/"}],"drug":[{"id":"bevacizumab","kind":"drug","name":"Bevacizumab","route":"/drugs/bevacizumab/"},{"id":"capecitabine","kind":"drug","name":"Capecitabine","route":"/drugs/capecitabine/"},{"id":"capox","kind":"drug","name":"CAPOX (capecitabine, oxaliplatin)","route":"/drugs/capox/"}]}}