{"entity":{"id":"cdkn1a","kind":"target","name":"CDKN1A","aka":["cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A","Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1","P21","CIP1","WAF1","SDI1","CAP20","p21CIP1","p21Cip1/Waf1","p21","CDKN1"],"tldr":"CDKN1A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1) is a gene whose normal job is to hold cell growth in check. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Bladder & urothelial cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Colorectal cancer and 4 more.","summary":"Plays an important role in controlling cell cycle progression and DNA damage-induced G2 arrest. Involved in p53/TP53 mediated inhibition of cellular proliferation in response to DNA damage. Also involved in p53-independent DNA damage-induced G2 arrest mediated by CREB3L1 in astrocytes and osteoblasts.\n\nCIViC holds 4 clinical evidence items and 0 assertions across 4 variants, naming Fluorouracil. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.72 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes affected pathway 0.76, literature 1.00, genetic association 0.62, somatic mutation 0.80, animal model 0.53). IntOGen calls it a driver in 9 cohorts (2 activating, 7 loss-of-function), covering Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1784","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1784"},{"label":"UniProt P38936","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P38936/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 1026","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1026"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000124762","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000124762"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets","intogen"],"cancers":["urothelial","hcc","colorectal","rcc","breast-cancer","retinoblastoma","chromophobe-rcc"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["cell-cycle-engine-cdks","p53-cell-cycle","p53-mdm2-axis","senescence"],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 2 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 7 cohorts; CIViC holds 4 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"CDKN1A","role":["drug-target","oncogene-driver","tumour-suppressor","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:1784","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:1784","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P38936","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P38936/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene CDKN1A","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/913","note":"4 evidence items, 0 assertions, 4 variants; diseases: Retinoblastoma, Colorectal Cancer (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000124762","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000124762/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.72; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: urinary bladder cancer 0.64, breast cancer 0.51 (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen CDKN1A","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=CDKN1A","note":"driver in 9 cohorts (Act 2, LoF 7); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:1784","ensembl":"ENSG00000124762","uniprot":"P38936","entrez":"1026","biology":"Plays an important role in controlling cell cycle progression and DNA damage-induced G2 arrest. Involved in p53/TP53 mediated inhibition of cellular proliferation in response to DNA damage. Also involved in p53-independent DNA damage-induced G2 arrest mediated by CREB3L1 in astrocytes and osteoblasts. Binds to and inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity, preventing phosphorylation of critical cyclin-dependent kinase substrates and blocking cell cycle progression. Functions in the nuclear localisation and assembly of cyclin D-CDK4 complex and promotes its kinase activity towards RB1. At higher stoichiometric ratios, inhibits the kinase activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Location: Cytoplasm; Nucleus (UniProt). Locus 6p21.2 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Bladder & urothelial cancer: Open Targets association 0.64 with urinary bladder cancer (MONDO_0001187); IntOGen driver in 5 cohorts (BLCA)","Hepatocellular carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 3 cohorts (HCC)","Colorectal cancer: CIViC evidence names this disease","Renal cell carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (CHRCC)","Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.51 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254)","Retinoblastoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"tumor-suppressor","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/cdkn1a/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"intogen","kind":"collection","name":"IntOGen","route":"/collections/intogen/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"urothelial","kind":"cancer","name":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","route":"/cancers/urothelial/"},{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"chromophobe-rcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/chromophobe-rcc/"},{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"hcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","route":"/cancers/hcc/"},{"id":"rcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Renal cell carcinoma","route":"/cancers/rcc/"},{"id":"retinoblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Retinoblastoma","route":"/cancers/retinoblastoma/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"senescence","kind":"pathway","name":"Cellular senescence","route":"/pathways/senescence/"},{"id":"p53-cell-cycle","kind":"pathway","name":"p53 / RB / cell-cycle checkpoint","route":"/pathways/p53-cell-cycle/"},{"id":"cell-cycle-engine-cdks","kind":"pathway","name":"The cell-cycle engine (cyclins & CDKs)","route":"/pathways/cell-cycle-engine-cdks/"},{"id":"p53-mdm2-axis","kind":"pathway","name":"The p53 network (guardian of the genome)","route":"/pathways/p53-mdm2-axis/"}]}}