{"entity":{"id":"h3c2","kind":"target","name":"H3C2","aka":["H3 clustered histone 2","Histone H3.1","H3/l","H3FL","HIST1H3B"],"tldr":"H3C2 (Histone H3.1) is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response. Tied to Breast cancer, Bladder & urothelial cancer, Oesophageal cancer and 5 more.","summary":"Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability.\n\nCIViC holds 7 clinical evidence items and 1 assertion across 1 variant. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.73 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.04, affected pathway 0.76, somatic mutation 0.78). IntOGen calls it a driver in 5 cohorts (4 activating, 1 loss-of-function), covering Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Invasive Breast Carcinoma, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS, Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:4776","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4776"},{"label":"UniProt P68431","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P68431/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 8358","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8358"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000286522","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000286522"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets","intogen"],"cancers":["breast-cancer","urothelial","esophageal","non-hodgkin-lymphoma","dipg-dmg","glioblastoma","dlbcl","oesophageal-adenocarcinoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 4 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 1 cohort; CIViC holds 7 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate.","Diseases the sources name that have no OnCo cancer page yet, so they are not linked: Anaplastic Astrocytoma; Brain Glioblastoma Multiforme; Diffuse Astrocytoma."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"H3C2","role":["oncogene-driver","tumour-suppressor","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:4776","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4776","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P68431","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P68431/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene H3C2","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/6614","note":"7 evidence items, 1 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27-altered, Glioblastoma, Anaplastic Astrocytoma, Brain Glioblastoma Multiforme, Diffuse Astrocytoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000286522","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000286522/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.73; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.51, breast cancer 0.64 (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen H3C2","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=H3C2","note":"driver in 5 cohorts (Act 4, LoF 1); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:4776","ensembl":"ENSG00000286522","uniprot":"P68431","entrez":"8358","biology":"Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Location: Nucleus; Chromosome (UniProt). Locus 6p22.2 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.64 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254); IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (BRCA)","Bladder & urothelial cancer: IntOGen driver in 2 cohorts (BLCA)","Oesophageal cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (ESCA)","Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.51 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MONDO_0018908)","Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered: CIViC evidence names this disease","Glioma & glioblastoma: CIViC evidence names this disease"],"targetClass":"oncogene","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/h3c2/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"intogen","kind":"collection","name":"IntOGen","route":"/collections/intogen/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"urothelial","kind":"cancer","name":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","route":"/cancers/urothelial/"},{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"dlbcl","kind":"cancer","name":"Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","route":"/cancers/dlbcl/"},{"id":"dipg-dmg","kind":"cancer","name":"Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (including DIPG)","route":"/cancers/dipg-dmg/"},{"id":"glioblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Glioma & glioblastoma","route":"/cancers/glioblastoma/"},{"id":"non-hodgkin-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)","route":"/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/"},{"id":"oesophageal-adenocarcinoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Oesophageal and junctional adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/oesophageal-adenocarcinoma/"},{"id":"esophageal","kind":"cancer","name":"Oesophageal cancer","route":"/cancers/esophageal/"}]}}