{"entity":{"id":"hhla2","kind":"target","name":"HHLA2 (B7-H7)","aka":["B7-H7","B7H7","B7-H5","B7y","HHLA2 member of B7 family"],"tldr":"HHLA2 is a B7 relative found on gut, kidney and lung tissue and on many tumours; it can both encourage and restrain T cells depending on the receptor. No drug against it is in the corpus yet.","summary":"HHLA2 (chromosome 3q13.13) costimulates T cells through TMIGD2 in the context of TCR-mediated activation, enhancing proliferation and cytokine production through an AKT-dependent cascade; it is expressed at high levels in colon, kidney, testis, lung and pancreas, at lower levels in small intestine, liver and skeletal muscle, and among immune cells in B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages but not T cells (UniProt Q9UM44). B7-H3, B7x and HHLA2 form the third group of the B7-CD28 family, with antagonistic antibodies and agonistic fusion proteins emerging (Janakiram et al. 2017, Immunol Rev).","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:4905","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4905"},{"label":"UniProt Q9UM44","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UM44/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 11148","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/11148"},{"label":"Janakiram et al. 2017, Immunol Rev (Europe PMC)","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/28258693"}],"tags":["checkpoint-map"],"related":["b7h3","b7h4","cd28"],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":["cancer-immunity-cycle"],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Prevalence not recorded: HGNC and UniProt carry no positivity rates."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"OnCo checkpoint map (HGNC REST, UniProt REST, ClinicalTrials.gov v2)","editedOn":"2026-09-24"},"symbol":"HHLA2","role":["immune-checkpoint"],"sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:4905","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:4905","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases and cross-references"},{"label":"UniProt Q9UM44","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q9UM44/entry","note":"protein name, function and tissue specificity"}],"specificitySources":[],"hgnc":"HGNC:4905","ensembl":"ENSG00000114455","uniprot":"Q9UM44","entrez":"11148","biology":"A group III B7 family member; its costimulatory receptor is TMIGD2 (CD28H).","whereFound":["Colon, kidney, testis, lung, pancreas; B cells, dendritic cells, macrophages (UniProt Q9UM44)"],"targetClass":"checkpoint","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/hhla2/","neighbours":{"target":[{"id":"b7h3","kind":"target","name":"B7-H3","route":"/targets/b7h3/"},{"id":"b7h4","kind":"target","name":"B7-H4 (VTCN1)","route":"/targets/b7h4/"},{"id":"cd28","kind":"target","name":"CD28","route":"/targets/cd28/"}],"pathway":[{"id":"cancer-immunity-cycle","kind":"pathway","name":"The cancer-immunity cycle","route":"/pathways/cancer-immunity-cycle/"}],"term":[{"id":"checkpoint","kind":"term","name":"Checkpoint (two meanings)","route":"/terms/checkpoint/"}]}}