{"entity":{"id":"irano","kind":"term","name":"iRANO (immunotherapy response in neuro-oncology)","aka":["iRANO","immunotherapy RANO"],"tldr":"iRANO adds one rule to the brain tumour response criteria for immunotherapy: growth on MRI in the first six months should be confirmed on a later scan if the patient is not clearly worse.","summary":"Immunotherapy can cause delayed responses and treatment-induced inflammation that look like progression on brain imaging. A RANO panel (Okada and colleagues, Lancet Oncology 2015) recommended that when imaging meets RANO progression, including new lesions, within six months of starting immunotherapy, progression should be confirmed on follow-up imaging provided the patient is not significantly worse clinically. The criteria also cover corticosteroid use. RANO 2.0 later folded the confirmation idea into the main criteria.","asOf":"2026-11-04","links":[{"label":"Okada et al., Immunotherapy response assessment in neuro-oncology: a report of the RANO working group (Lancet Oncol 2015)","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(15)00088-1"}],"tags":[],"related":["rano-criteria","irecist"],"cancers":["glioblastoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":["mri","checkpoint-inhibitor"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"category":"Endpoints"},"route":"/terms/irano/","neighbours":{"term":[{"id":"complete-response-term","kind":"term","name":"Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR)","route":"/terms/complete-response-term/"},{"id":"irecist","kind":"term","name":"iRECIST (response criteria for immunotherapy trials)","route":"/terms/irecist/"},{"id":"progressive-disease","kind":"term","name":"Progressive disease and radiographic progression","route":"/terms/progressive-disease/"},{"id":"rano-criteria","kind":"term","name":"RANO criteria (brain tumour response)","route":"/terms/rano-criteria/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"glioblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Glioma & glioblastoma","route":"/cancers/glioblastoma/"}],"technology":[{"id":"checkpoint-inhibitor","kind":"technology","name":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors","route":"/technologies/checkpoint-inhibitor/"},{"id":"mri","kind":"technology","name":"MRI","route":"/technologies/mri/"}]}}