{"entity":{"id":"nottingham-fob","kind":"trial","name":"Nottingham faecal occult blood screening trial","aka":["ISRCTN11631712"],"tldr":"The Nottingham trial that proved a home stool test posted to a whole population reduces deaths from bowel cancer, and so created the NHS screening programme.","summary":"Between 1981 and 1991 Nottingham randomised 152,850 people to be offered a Haemoccult faecal occult blood test every two years or to nothing at all; the control group were not even told. Fewer than six in ten of those offered screening completed at least one test, and only 38 percent completed every test they were offered. Even so, 20 percent of the cancers found in the screened group were stage A against 11 percent in the control group, and after a median 7.8 years there were 360 colorectal cancer deaths in the screened group against 420 in the control group, a 15 percent reduction (odds ratio 0.85, 0.74 to 0.98, p = 0.026). The authors concluded that a national programme should be considered. It began in England in 2006.","status":"positive","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"Lancet 1996","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/8942775"},{"label":"ISRCTN11631712","url":"https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11631712"}],"tags":["uk","screening","colorectal"],"related":[],"cancers":["colorectal"],"sections":["early-detection","prevention"],"technologies":["colorectal-screening"],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":["nottingham-cancer-centre"],"pathways":[],"terms":["fit-test"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"nct":"ISRCTN11631712","phase":"3","setting":"Unselected population-based randomised trial of biennial faecal occult blood screening against no screening in 152,850 people aged 45 to 74 living in the Nottingham area, recruited February 1981 to January 1991, screening stopped February 1995","sponsor":"Medical Research Council","result":"Colorectal cancer deaths 360 in the screened group against 420 in the control group, a 15 percent reduction in cumulative mortality (odds ratio 0.85, 0.74 to 0.98, p = 0.026).","yearReported":1996,"enrolled":152850,"enrolledBasis":"randomised","enrolledNote":"152,850 people were recruited between February 1981 and January 1991; 2,599 could not be traced or had emigrated, leaving 150,251 in the analysis.","outcomes":[]},"route":"/trials/nottingham-fob/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"}],"section":[{"id":"early-detection","kind":"section","name":"Early Detection & Screening","route":"/fronts/early-detection/"},{"id":"prevention","kind":"section","name":"Prevention & Risk","route":"/fronts/prevention/"}],"technology":[{"id":"colorectal-screening","kind":"technology","name":"Colorectal cancer screening (colonoscopy, FIT, stool DNA, blood)","route":"/technologies/colorectal-screening/"}],"institution":[{"id":"nottingham-cancer-centre","kind":"institution","name":"Nottingham University Hospitals Cancer Centre (City Hospital)","route":"/institutions/nottingham-cancer-centre/"}],"term":[{"id":"fit-test","kind":"term","name":"Faecal immunochemical test (FIT)","route":"/terms/fit-test/"}],"trial":[{"id":"funen-fob","kind":"trial","name":"Funen faecal occult blood screening trial","route":"/trials/funen-fob/"},{"id":"minnesota-fob","kind":"trial","name":"Minnesota Colon Cancer Control Study","route":"/trials/minnesota-fob/"}]}}