{"entity":{"id":"paper-bournet-kras-g12d-prognosis-pancreatic-ctg-2016","kind":"paper","name":"KRAS G12D mutation subtype is a prognostic factor for advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma","aka":[],"tldr":"Genotyping needle biopsies from 219 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer showed the KRAS G12D allele carried the shortest survival, six months against nine for other alleles and fourteen for G12R.","summary":"Multicentre prospective study: exon-2 KRAS status on EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration of the primary in locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic ductal carcinoma, with survival adjusted for age, stage, performance status, CA 19-9 and treatment. Of 219 patients, 147 had a codon-12 mutation (G12D 73, G12V 53, G12R 21) and 72 were wild-type. Survival did not differ between mutant and wild-type (8 versus 9 months), but G12D carried 6 months against 9 for the rest (hazard ratio 1.47), with G12V 9 and G12R 14 months; results held among 162 chemotherapy-treated patients (hazard ratio 1.66) and in multivariate analysis (1.44).","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"Bournet et al., Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2016: KRAS G12D and prognosis in 219 advanced patients","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ctg.2016.18"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27010960/"}],"tags":[],"related":["kras-g12d"],"cancers":["pancreatic","metastatic-pdac","locally-advanced-pdac"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":["kras"],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["kras-mutation-subtypes"],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology","year":2016,"doi":"10.1038/ctg.2016.18","pmid":"27010960","authors":"Bournet B, Muscari F, Buscail C, et al.","paperType":"observational","findings":["G12D 73, G12V 53, G12R 21 of 147 codon-12 mutations.","G12D overall survival 6 months versus 9 (hazard ratio 1.47); G12R 14 months."],"whatItMeans":"It is the allele-level prognosis behind reading the KRAS variant rather than 'KRAS mutant', and it shows the older EUS assay over-called wild-type (33%).","caveats":["Single-gene exon-2 assay on cytology; the 33% wild-type rate reflects low cellularity.","Treatment was heterogeneous."],"changedPractice":false,"participants":219},"route":"/key-papers/paper-bournet-kras-g12d-prognosis-pancreatic-ctg-2016/","neighbours":{"biomarker":[{"id":"kras-g12d","kind":"biomarker","name":"KRAS G12D (and other non-G12C KRAS mutations)","route":"/biomarkers/kras-g12d/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"locally-advanced-pdac","kind":"cancer","name":"Locally advanced unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/locally-advanced-pdac/"},{"id":"metastatic-pdac","kind":"cancer","name":"Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/metastatic-pdac/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}],"target":[{"id":"kras","kind":"target","name":"KRAS","route":"/targets/kras/"}],"term":[{"id":"kras-mutation-subtypes","kind":"term","name":"KRAS mutation subtypes (G12C, G12D, G12V)","route":"/terms/kras-mutation-subtypes/"}],"trial":[{"id":"rasolute-302","kind":"trial","name":"RASolute 302","route":"/trials/rasolute-302/"}],"technology":[{"id":"kras-inhibitors","kind":"technology","name":"KRAS & RAS inhibitors","route":"/technologies/kras-inhibitors/"}]}}