{"entity":{"id":"paper-collisson-pancreatic-subtypes-nat-med-2011","kind":"paper","name":"Subtypes of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and their differing responses to therapy","aka":[],"tldr":"The first gene-expression subtypes of pancreatic cancer, classical, quasi-mesenchymal and exocrine-like, came from pooling tumour and cell-line profiles, and the authors showed the types differ in outcome and in how cell lines respond to drugs.","summary":"Because tumour specimens were scarce, transcriptional profiles of primary pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma samples from several studies were combined with human and mouse cell lines. Three subtypes were defined, classical, quasi-mesenchymal and exocrine-like, with evidence for clinical outcome and therapeutic response differences between them. Gene signatures for the subtypes and preclinical model systems for finding subtype-specific therapies were presented.","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"Collisson et al., Nat Med 2011: classical, quasi-mesenchymal and exocrine-like subtypes","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.2344"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21460848/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["pancreatic"],"sections":[],"technologies":["rna-seq"],"targets":["kras"],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":["ucsf"],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["nature-medicine"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Nature Medicine","year":2011,"doi":"10.1038/nm.2344","pmid":"21460848","authors":"Collisson EA, Sadanandam A, Olson P, et al.","paperType":"translational","findings":["Three subtypes: classical, quasi-mesenchymal, exocrine-like.","Outcome and cell-line drug response differed by subtype."],"whatItMeans":"It opened the subtype programme that Moffitt, Bailey and COMPASS refined; the classical versus mesenchymal or basal split has survived every re-analysis.","caveats":["Small, heterogeneous primary datasets and cell lines.","The exocrine-like class was later attributed to acinar contamination."],"changedPractice":false},"route":"/key-papers/paper-collisson-pancreatic-subtypes-nat-med-2011/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}],"technology":[{"id":"rna-seq","kind":"technology","name":"RNA sequencing & expression profiling","route":"/technologies/rna-seq/"}],"target":[{"id":"kras","kind":"target","name":"KRAS","route":"/targets/kras/"}],"institution":[{"id":"ucsf","kind":"institution","name":"UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center","route":"/institutions/ucsf/"}],"journal":[{"id":"nature-medicine","kind":"journal","name":"Nature Medicine","route":"/journals/nature-medicine/"}]}}