{"entity":{"id":"paper-dent-tnbc-clinical-features-recurrence-ccr-2007","kind":"paper","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer: clinical features and patterns of recurrence","aka":[],"tldr":"The 2007 Toronto study that gave triple-negative breast cancer its clinical portrait: 11 percent of cases, a risk of distant relapse 2.6 times higher than other breast cancers, a peak at three years and then a fall, so that women who reach five years without relapse are largely safe.","summary":"Dent, Trudeau, Pritchard, Hanna and colleagues studied 1,601 women diagnosed with breast cancer at Women's College Hospital, Toronto, between 1987 and 1997, with median follow-up of 8.1 years; 180 (11.2 percent) had triple-negative tumours (oestrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor- and HER2-negative). Compared with other breast cancers, triple-negative disease carried an increased likelihood of distant recurrence (hazard ratio 2.6, 95 percent confidence interval 2.0 to 3.5) and death (hazard ratio 3.2, 2.3 to 4.5) within five years of diagnosis but not thereafter; the risk of distant recurrence peaked at about three years and declined rapidly, whereas in other cancers it was constant over follow-up.","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"Clin Cancer Res 2007","url":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-3045"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17671126/"}],"tags":["tnbc-evidence"],"related":["paper-bauer-triple-negative-california-registry-cancer-2007"],"cancers":["tnbc"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":["hazard-ratio"],"trials":[],"people":["rebecca-dent"],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["clinical-cancer-research"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Clinical Cancer Research","year":2007,"doi":"10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-3045","pmid":"17671126","authors":"Dent R, Trudeau M, Pritchard KI, et al.","paperType":"observational","findings":["180 of 1,601 patients (11.2 percent) were triple-negative.","Distant recurrence hazard ratio 2.6 (95 percent CI 2.0 to 3.5) and death hazard ratio 3.2 (2.3 to 4.5) within five years, not thereafter.","Recurrence risk peaked at about three years and then declined rapidly."],"whatItMeans":"Explains why triple-negative trials can use three-year event-free survival, why follow-up is front-loaded, and why survivors past five years are told their risk has largely passed.","caveats":["Single-institution cohort from the pre-taxane era.","HER2 testing methods of 1987 to 1997 differ from current standards."],"changedPractice":true,"participants":1601},"route":"/key-papers/paper-dent-tnbc-clinical-features-recurrence-ccr-2007/","neighbours":{"paper":[{"id":"paper-bauer-triple-negative-california-registry-cancer-2007","kind":"paper","name":"Descriptive analysis of estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative, and HER2-negative invasive breast cancer, the so-called triple-negative phenotype: a population-based study from the California cancer Registry","route":"/key-papers/paper-bauer-triple-negative-california-registry-cancer-2007/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"tnbc","kind":"cancer","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)","route":"/cancers/tnbc/"}],"term":[{"id":"hazard-ratio","kind":"term","name":"Hazard ratio (HR)","route":"/terms/hazard-ratio/"}],"person":[{"id":"rebecca-dent","kind":"person","name":"Rebecca Dent","route":"/people/rebecca-dent/"}],"journal":[{"id":"clinical-cancer-research","kind":"journal","name":"Clinical Cancer Research","route":"/journals/clinical-cancer-research/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"tnbc-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem","route":"/roadmaps/tnbc-roadmap/"}]}}