{"entity":{"id":"paper-figo-cancer-report-gestational-trophoblastic-disease-ijgo-2021","kind":"paper","name":"FIGO Cancer Report 2021: diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic disease","aka":[],"tldr":"The FIGO review of trophoblastic disease from molar pregnancy to choriocarcinoma and the rare placental-site and epithelioid tumours: hCG surveillance, the risk score, single-agent or EMA/CO chemotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy for resistant disease.","summary":"FIGO Cancer Report chapter covering hydatidiform mole and its follow-up, the FIGO 2000 staging and scoring of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, single-agent therapy for low-risk and EMA/CO for high-risk disease, induction etoposide-cisplatin for ultra-high-risk disease, salvage regimens, the role of hysterectomy and metastasectomy, management of placental-site and epithelioid trophoblastic tumours, immunotherapy for resistant disease, and follow-up and future pregnancy.","asOf":"2026-09-18","links":[{"label":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13877"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34669197/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["high-risk-gtn","placental-site-trophoblastic-tumour"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":["methotrexate","dactinomycin","etoposide","cisplatin","pembrolizumab"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics","year":2021,"doi":"10.1002/ijgo.13877","pmid":"34669197","authors":"Ngan HYS, Seckl MJ, Berkowitz RS, et al.","paperType":"guideline","findings":[],"whatItMeans":"The standard-of-care rows on all three trophoblastic pages follow this report and the national centres it describes.","caveats":["Evidence in this rare disease is mostly from specialist centre series rather than randomised trials.","Updated periodically; check the current FIGO report."],"changedPractice":true},"route":"/key-papers/paper-figo-cancer-report-gestational-trophoblastic-disease-ijgo-2021/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"high-risk-gtn","kind":"cancer","name":"High-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (FIGO score 7 or more, including ultra-high-risk)","route":"/cancers/high-risk-gtn/"},{"id":"placental-site-trophoblastic-tumour","kind":"cancer","name":"Placental-site trophoblastic tumour and epithelioid trophoblastic tumour","route":"/cancers/placental-site-trophoblastic-tumour/"}],"drug":[{"id":"cisplatin","kind":"drug","name":"Cisplatin","route":"/drugs/cisplatin/"},{"id":"dactinomycin","kind":"drug","name":"Dactinomycin (actinomycin D)","route":"/drugs/dactinomycin/"},{"id":"etoposide","kind":"drug","name":"Etoposide","route":"/drugs/etoposide/"},{"id":"methotrexate","kind":"drug","name":"Methotrexate","route":"/drugs/methotrexate/"},{"id":"pembrolizumab","kind":"drug","name":"Pembrolizumab","route":"/drugs/pembrolizumab/"}]}}