{"entity":{"id":"paper-howlader-us-incidence-breast-subtypes-jnci-2014","kind":"paper","name":"US incidence of breast cancer subtypes defined by joint hormone receptor and HER2 status","aka":[],"tldr":"The first US national count of breast cancer by receptor subtype, from 2010 when cancer registries began recording HER2: 12.2 percent of cases were triple-negative, and Black women had the highest rate of that subtype.","summary":"Howlader, Altekruse, Li, Chen and colleagues assessed breast cancer subtypes defined by joint hormone receptor and HER2 status across the 28 percent of the US population covered by SEER registries, which began collecting HER2 in 2010, with age-specific rates for non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian Pacific Islander and Hispanic women and polytomous logistic regression on age, ethnicity, county poverty, registry, stage, grade, size and nodes. Among cases with known status, 36,810 (72.7 percent) were hormone receptor-positive/HER2-negative, 6,193 (12.2 percent) triple-negative, 5,240 (10.3 percent) hormone receptor-positive/HER2-positive and 2,328 (4.6 percent) hormone receptor-negative/HER2-positive; 6,912 (12 percent) were unknown. Non-Hispanic Black women had the highest triple-negative incidence; triple-negative patients were more likely to be non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic, 10 to 30 percent less likely to be diagnosed at older ages, and 6.4- to 20-fold more likely to present with high-grade disease.","asOf":"2026-09-24","links":[{"label":"J Natl Cancer Inst 2014","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/dju055"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24777111/"}],"tags":["tnbc-evidence"],"related":[],"cancers":["tnbc","breast-hr-positive","breast-her2-positive"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":["nci"],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":["b-trial-diversity"],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["jnci"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute","year":2014,"doi":"10.1093/jnci/dju055","pmid":"24777111","authors":"Howlader N, Altekruse SF, Li CI, et al.","paperType":"observational","findings":["Triple-negative: 6,193 of cases with known status (12.2 percent); 12 percent of cases had unknown receptor status.","Highest triple-negative incidence in non-Hispanic Black women; triple-negative tumours 6.4- to 20-fold more likely to be high grade."],"whatItMeans":"The denominator for US triple-negative disparity statistics and the origin of the 10 to 15 percent figure quoted for the subtype's share of breast cancer.","caveats":["First year of HER2 registry collection; 12 percent unknown status.","US population only; UK registries did not record HER2 comprehensively until later."],"changedPractice":false,"participants":57483},"route":"/key-papers/paper-howlader-us-incidence-breast-subtypes-jnci-2014/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"breast-her2-positive","kind":"cancer","name":"HER2-positive breast cancer","route":"/cancers/breast-her2-positive/"},{"id":"breast-hr-positive","kind":"cancer","name":"HR-positive / HER2-negative breast cancer","route":"/cancers/breast-hr-positive/"},{"id":"tnbc","kind":"cancer","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)","route":"/cancers/tnbc/"}],"institution":[{"id":"nci","kind":"institution","name":"National Cancer Institute (NIH)","route":"/institutions/nci/"}],"bottleneck":[{"id":"b-trial-diversity","kind":"bottleneck","name":"Trials do not represent the people who get cancer","route":"/bottlenecks/b-trial-diversity/"}],"journal":[{"id":"jnci","kind":"journal","name":"JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute","route":"/journals/jnci/"}],"paper":[{"id":"paper-scott-tnbc-disparities-uscs-cancer-2019","kind":"paper","name":"Update on triple-negative breast cancer disparities for the United States: A population-based study from the United States Cancer Statistics database, 2010 through 2014","route":"/key-papers/paper-scott-tnbc-disparities-uscs-cancer-2019/"}],"roadmap":[{"id":"tnbc-roadmap","kind":"roadmap","name":"Triple-negative breast cancer roadmap: from a remainder defined by three negative tests to immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates and the residual disease problem","route":"/roadmaps/tnbc-roadmap/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-tnbc-disparities-in-access-and-outcomes","kind":"idea","name":"Close the gap between who gets triple-negative breast cancer and who is in its trials","route":"/ideas/idea-tnbc-disparities-in-access-and-outcomes/"},{"id":"idea-tnbc-uk-ethnicity-stratified-outcome-reporting","kind":"idea","name":"Ethnicity-stratified outcome reporting for triple-negative breast cancer in NHS cancer statistics","route":"/ideas/idea-tnbc-uk-ethnicity-stratified-outcome-reporting/"}]}}