{"entity":{"id":"paper-interfant-06-pieters-jco-2019","kind":"paper","name":"Interfant-06: outcome of infants under one year with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","aka":[],"tldr":"This international trial of infant leukaemia found no benefit from adding myeloid-style chemotherapy courses, and confirmed that KMT2A-rearranged infants remain a high-risk group with survival under 50 percent, setting the baseline that blinatumomab has since improved.","summary":"International trial of 651 infants with ALL treated on the Interfant backbone, with 240 medium- and high-risk KMT2A-rearranged infants randomised to standard lymphoid-style consolidation or myeloid-style (ADE and MAE) courses; allogeneic transplant was indicated for high-risk patients.\n\nSix-year event-free survival was 46.1 percent overall; there was no difference between consolidation arms (39.3 versus 37.2 percent), and KMT2A-rearranged infants had 36 percent event-free survival against 74 percent for germline KMT2A.","asOf":"2026-09-17","links":[{"label":"J Clin Oncol 2019","url":"https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.00261"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31283407/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["all-infant"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":["interfant-06"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["jco"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","year":2019,"doi":"10.1200/JCO.19.00261","pmid":"31283407","authors":"Pieters R, De Lorenzo P, Ancliffe P, et al.","paperType":"rct","findings":["Six-year event-free survival 46.1 percent overall; 36 percent for KMT2A-rearranged infants.","No benefit from myeloid-style consolidation (39.3 percent vs 37.2 percent)."],"whatItMeans":"Interfant-06 is the backbone and control benchmark for infant ALL; the successor Interfant-21 adds blinatumomab after this trial showed chemotherapy intensification had reached its limit.","caveats":["Toxicity-related deaths remained substantial in infants."],"changedPractice":true,"participants":651},"route":"/key-papers/paper-interfant-06-pieters-jco-2019/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"all-infant","kind":"cancer","name":"Infant acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (KMT2A-rearranged, under one year)","route":"/cancers/all-infant/"}],"trial":[{"id":"interfant-06","kind":"trial","name":"Interfant-06","route":"/trials/interfant-06/"}],"journal":[{"id":"jco","kind":"journal","name":"Journal of Clinical Oncology","route":"/journals/jco/"}]}}