{"entity":{"id":"paper-ito-kuma-active-surveillance-microcarcinoma-thyroid-2014","kind":"paper","name":"Active surveillance of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma at Kuma Hospital: patient age and progression","aka":[],"tldr":"Following more than 1,200 patients with small papillary thyroid cancers under observation, the Kuma Hospital group found that only 8 percent grew and under 4 percent developed node metastases over ten years, with the lowest risk in older patients, establishing surveillance as a safe alternative to surgery.","summary":"Prospective observational cohort of 1,235 patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma managed by active surveillance between 1993 and 2011, analysing tumour enlargement and nodal metastasis by age.\n\nTen-year rates of tumour enlargement of 3 mm or more and of new node metastases were 8.0 and 3.8 percent; progression was most frequent in patients under 40 and rarest in those over 60, and no patient died of thyroid cancer or developed distant metastases.","asOf":"2026-09-17","links":[{"label":"Thyroid 2014","url":"https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2013.0367"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24001104/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["papillary-thyroid-cancer"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Thyroid","year":2014,"doi":"10.1089/thy.2013.0367","pmid":"24001104","authors":"Ito Y, Miyauchi A, Kihara M, et al.","paperType":"observational","findings":["Ten-year tumour enlargement 8.0 percent; nodal metastasis 3.8 percent.","Progression more frequent under 40 (about 22 percent at ten years) than over 60 (about 3 percent)."],"whatItMeans":"Active surveillance is a guideline-endorsed option for papillary microcarcinoma, adopted in Japan, the United States and elsewhere, especially for older patients.","caveats":["Single-centre Japanese cohort with expert ultrasound; selection excluded tumours near the trachea or nerve."],"changedPractice":true,"participants":1235},"route":"/key-papers/paper-ito-kuma-active-surveillance-microcarcinoma-thyroid-2014/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"papillary-thyroid-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Papillary thyroid cancer","route":"/cancers/papillary-thyroid-cancer/"}]}}