{"entity":{"id":"paper-kadish-olfactory-neuroblastoma-staging-cancer-1976","kind":"paper","name":"Kadish staging: olfactory neuroblastoma, a clinical analysis of 17 cases","aka":[],"tldr":"A Boston series of seventeen patients that proposed the three-stage system, based on whether the tumour is confined to the nose, involves the sinuses or has spread beyond them, still used to stage esthesioneuroblastoma today.","summary":"Clinical analysis of 17 patients with olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma) treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital, proposing stages A (tumour confined to the nasal cavity), B (nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses) and C (extension beyond the nasal cavity and sinuses), and reporting outcomes with surgery and radiotherapy.\n\nThe Kadish system, later modified with a stage D for nodal or distant metastasis, remains the most widely used staging scheme for this tumour.","asOf":"2026-09-18","links":[{"label":"Cancer 1976","url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1571::AID-CNCR2820370347>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1260676/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["esthesioneuroblastoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["cancer-wiley"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Cancer","year":1976,"doi":"10.1002/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1571::AID-CNCR2820370347>3.0.CO;2-L","pmid":"1260676","authors":"Kadish S, Goodman M, Wang CC.","paperType":"observational","findings":["Three-stage system (A, B, C) by anatomical extent, with survival falling with stage."],"whatItMeans":"The stage on an esthesioneuroblastoma page or pathology report is almost always a Kadish stage, and treatment intensity follows it.","caveats":["Seventeen patients from a single institution half a century ago.","Does not incorporate Hyams histological grade, which is independently prognostic."],"changedPractice":true,"participants":17},"route":"/key-papers/paper-kadish-olfactory-neuroblastoma-staging-cancer-1976/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"esthesioneuroblastoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma)","route":"/cancers/esthesioneuroblastoma/"}],"journal":[{"id":"cancer-wiley","kind":"journal","name":"Cancer","route":"/journals/cancer-wiley/"}]}}