{"entity":{"id":"paper-radiant-4-everolimus-lancet-2016","kind":"paper","name":"RADIANT-4: everolimus for advanced non-functional neuroendocrine tumours of the lung or gastrointestinal tract","aka":[],"tldr":"Everolimus more than doubled the time to progression in advanced non-functioning neuroendocrine tumours of the lung and gut, the first drug with randomised evidence in lung carcinoids.","summary":"Phase 3 placebo-controlled trial of 302 patients with advanced progressive, well-differentiated, non-functional neuroendocrine tumours of lung or gastrointestinal origin randomised 2:1 to everolimus 10 mg daily or placebo.\n\nMedian progression-free survival was 11.0 versus 3.9 months (hazard ratio 0.48), with consistent benefit in lung and gastrointestinal subgroups; stomatitis, diarrhoea and infections were the main toxicities.","asOf":"2026-09-17","links":[{"label":"Lancet 2016","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00817-X"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26703889/"}],"tags":[],"related":[],"cancers":["lung-net","small-intestinal-net"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":["everolimus"],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["lancet"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"The Lancet","year":2016,"doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00817-X","pmid":"26703889","authors":"Yao JC, Fazio N, Singh S, et al.","paperType":"rct","findings":["Median progression-free survival 11.0 vs 3.9 months; hazard ratio 0.48.","Lung subgroup: 9.2 vs 3.6 months."],"whatItMeans":"Everolimus is approved for progressive lung and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours and is a standard option after somatostatin analogues, particularly in lung carcinoids where radioligand therapy is off label.","caveats":["No overall survival benefit shown.","Response rates were low; benefit is disease stabilisation."],"changedPractice":true,"participants":302},"route":"/key-papers/paper-radiant-4-everolimus-lancet-2016/","neighbours":{"cancer":[{"id":"lung-net","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung neuroendocrine tumours (typical and atypical carcinoid)","route":"/cancers/lung-net/"},{"id":"small-intestinal-net","kind":"cancer","name":"Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours","route":"/cancers/small-intestinal-net/"}],"drug":[{"id":"everolimus","kind":"drug","name":"Everolimus","route":"/drugs/everolimus/"}],"journal":[{"id":"lancet","kind":"journal","name":"The Lancet","route":"/journals/lancet/"}]}}