{"entity":{"id":"paper-relativity-098-nat-med-2025","kind":"paper","name":"Adjuvant nivolumab and relatlimab in stage III/IV melanoma: the randomized phase 3 RELATIVITY-098 trial","aka":[],"tldr":"Published report from the RELATIVITY-098 trial registered as NCT05002569, in Nature Medicine (2025), chosen as the most cited paper whose own text cites the registry id.","summary":"Based on RELATIVITY-047, nivolumab plus relatlimab is approved for advanced melanoma. Here, to address a current unmet need for more efficacious adjuvant regimens for completely resected melanoma, the phase 3, double-blind RELATIVITY-098 trial compared adjuvant nivolumab plus relatlimab to nivolumab after complete resection of stage III/IV melanoma. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive nivolumab 480 mg plus relatlimab 160 mg (n = 547) or nivolumab 480 mg (n = 546) intravenously every 4 weeks for ≤1 year; safety populations totaled 543 and 545 patients, respectively. The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the key secondary was overall survival; translational endpoints were exploratory. There was no difference in RFS for nivolumab plus relatlimab versus nivolumab (hazard ratio = 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.83-1.22; P = 0.928); therefore, overall survival was not tested. Translational data across trials showed lower circulating LAG-3 + T cells in the adjuvant setting (RELATIVITY-098) versus advanced melanoma (RELATIVITY-047), where LAG-3 + T cells were enriched in tumor versus blood. The absence of macroscopic tumor and reduced peripheral LAG-3 + T cells may explain the lack of added benefit of nivolumab plus relatlimab over nivolumab in resected versus metastatic melanoma. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05002569.\n\nIndexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 41109920 (DOI 10.1038/s41591-025-04032-8). Its abstract cites the registry id NCT05002569, which is how it was matched to this trial; no figure has been checked by an editor.","asOf":"2026-09-22","links":[{"label":"Nat Med 2025","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-04032-8"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41109920/"},{"label":"Europe PMC","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/41109920"},{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05002569","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05002569"}],"tags":["europepmc-ingest"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":["relativity-098"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["nature-medicine"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"Nature Medicine","year":2025,"doi":"10.1038/s41591-025-04032-8","pmid":"41109920","authors":"Long GV, Garnett-Benson C, Dolfi S, et al.","paperType":"rct","findings":[],"whatItMeans":"This is the paper Europe PMC returns for registry id NCT05002569 with the most citations, so it is the natural first reading for anyone following the RELATIVITY-098 trial. Read the abstract above alongside the trial page and the registry entry; the record was linked automatically and its figures have not been checked by hand.","caveats":["Matched to the trial by the registry id cited in the Europe PMC record; the summary reproduces the record's abstract and no figure has been verified against the full paper."]},"route":"/key-papers/paper-relativity-098-nat-med-2025/","neighbours":{"trial":[{"id":"relativity-098","kind":"trial","name":"RELATIVITY-098","route":"/trials/relativity-098/"}],"journal":[{"id":"nature-medicine","kind":"journal","name":"Nature Medicine","route":"/journals/nature-medicine/"}]}}