{"entity":{"id":"paper-tarlatamab-sclc-n-engl-j-med-2025","kind":"paper","name":"Tarlatamab in Small-Cell Lung Cancer after Platinum-Based Chemotherapy","aka":[],"tldr":"Phase 2 or 3 results paper on Tarlatamab in Small-cell lung cancer, in New England Journal of Medicine (2025), one of the most cited Europe PMC records with Tarlatamab in its title.","summary":"Background: Tarlatamab, a bispecific delta-like ligand 3-directed T-cell engager immunotherapy, received accelerated approval for the treatment of patients with previously treated small-cell lung cancer. Whether tarlatamab is more effective than chemotherapy in the treatment of patients whose small-cell lung cancer has progressed during or after initial platinum-based chemotherapy is not known.\n\nMethods: We conducted a multinational, phase 3, open-label trial to compare tarlatamab with chemotherapy as second-line treatment in patients with small-cell lung cancer whose disease had progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive tarlatamab or chemotherapy (topotecan, lurbinectedin, or amrubicin). The primary end point was overall survival. Key secondary end points were investigator-assessed progression-free survival and patient-reported outcomes. Results of the prespecified interim analysis (data-cutoff date, January 29, 2025) are reported.\n\nResults: A total of 509 patients were randomly assigned to receive tarlatamab (254 patients) or chemotherapy (255 patients). Treatment with tarlatamab resulted in significantly longer overall survival than chemotherapy (median, 13.6 months [95% confidence interval {CI}, 11.1 to not reached] vs. 8.3 months [95% CI, 7.0 to 10.2]; stratified hazard ratio for death, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.77; P<0.001). Tarlatamab treatment also had a significant benefit with respect to progression-free survival and cancer-related dyspnea and cough as compared with chemotherapy. The incidence of adverse events of grade 3 or higher was lower with tarlatamab than with chemotherapy (54% vs. 80%), as was the incidence of adverse events resulting in treatment discontinuation (5% vs. 12%).\n\nConclusions: Treatment with tarlatamab led to longer overall survival than chemotherapy among patients with small-cell lung cancer whose disease had progressed during or after platinum-based chemotherapy. (Funded by Amgen; DeLLphi-304 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05740566.).\n\nIndexed on Europe PMC as PubMed record 40454646 (DOI 10.1056/nejmoa2502099). Its title names Tarlatamab and its text names Small-cell lung cancer; PubMed types it as a clinical trial report (Clinical Trial, Phase III, Comparative Study, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial). It was matched automatically to the idea \"Subtype-directed therapy for SCLC (ASCL1 / NEUROD1 / POU2F3 / inflamed)\" and no figure has been checked by an editor.","asOf":"2026-09-22","links":[{"label":"N Engl J Med 2025","url":"https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmoa2502099"},{"label":"PubMed","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40454646/"},{"label":"Europe PMC","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40454646"},{"label":"ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05740566","url":"https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05740566"}],"tags":["europepmc-ingest"],"related":[],"cancers":[],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":["dellphi-304"],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":["nejm"],"dependsOn":[],"notes":[],"journal":"New England Journal of Medicine","year":2025,"doi":"10.1056/nejmoa2502099","pmid":"40454646","authors":"Mountzios G, Sun L, Cho BC, et al.","paperType":"rct","findings":[],"whatItMeans":"One of the most cited trial reports Europe PMC returns for Tarlatamab in Small-cell lung cancer, so it is a natural first reading for anyone weighing the idea it is linked from. The record was linked automatically by title and abstract; read the abstract above and the paper itself before relying on any figure.","caveats":["Matched by Tarlatamab in the title and Small-cell lung cancer in the title or abstract of the Europe PMC record; the summary reproduces the record's abstract and no figure has been verified against the full paper.","Chosen as a phase 2 or 3 report by the record's publication type or its own wording, not by reading the paper."]},"route":"/key-papers/paper-tarlatamab-sclc-n-engl-j-med-2025/","neighbours":{"trial":[{"id":"dellphi-304","kind":"trial","name":"DeLLphi-304","route":"/trials/dellphi-304/"}],"journal":[{"id":"nejm","kind":"journal","name":"New England Journal of Medicine","route":"/journals/nejm/"}],"idea":[{"id":"idea-sclc-subtype-directed","kind":"idea","name":"Subtype-directed therapy for SCLC (ASCL1 / NEUROD1 / POU2F3 / inflamed)","route":"/ideas/idea-sclc-subtype-directed/"}]}}