{"entity":{"id":"per1","kind":"target","name":"PER1","aka":["period circadian regulator 1","Period circadian protein homolog 1","RIGUI"],"tldr":"PER1 (Period circadian protein homolog 1) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. In the public catalogues the evidence so far is association rather than a proven role. Tied to Skin cancer, Lung cancer, Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer and 2 more.","summary":"Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behaviour. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function.\n\nOpen Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.62 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.97, genetic association 0.00, somatic mutation 0.98).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:8845","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:8845"},{"label":"UniProt O15534","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O15534/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 5187","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5187"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000179094","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000179094"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["open-targets"],"cancers":["skin-cancer","lung-cancer","gastric","colorectal","melanoma"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: none stated by the sources. Evidence tier \"association-only\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"PER1","role":[],"evidenceTier":"association-only","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:8845","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:8845","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt O15534","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/O15534/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000179094","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000179094/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.62; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: colorectal cancer 0.50, gastric cancer 0.51, melanoma 0.56, skin cancer 0.56, lung cancer 0.53 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:8845","ensembl":"ENSG00000179094","uniprot":"O15534","entrez":"5187","biology":"Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behaviour. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. Location: Nucleus; Cytoplasm (UniProt). Locus 17p13.1 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Skin cancer: Open Targets association 0.56 with skin cancer (MONDO_0002898)","Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.53 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)","Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: Open Targets association 0.51 with gastric cancer (MONDO_0001056)","Colorectal cancer: Open Targets association 0.50 with colorectal cancer (MONDO_0005575)","Melanoma: Open Targets association 0.56 with melanoma (MONDO_0005105)"],"targetClass":"transcription","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/per1/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"gastric","kind":"cancer","name":"Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer","route":"/cancers/gastric/"},{"id":"lung-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/lung-cancer/"},{"id":"melanoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Melanoma","route":"/cancers/melanoma/"},{"id":"skin-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Skin cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/skin-cancer/"}]}}