{"entity":{"id":"prex2","kind":"target","name":"PREX2","aka":["phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate dependent Rac exchange factor 2","Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger 2 protein","DEP.2","FLJ12987","P-REX2","PPP1R129","DEPDC2"],"tldr":"PREX2 is a gene that drives cell growth when it is altered. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, an oncogene driver, a tumour suppressor and a biomarker, and clinical evidence ties its variants to diagnosis, prognosis or drug response.","summary":"Functions as a RAC1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), activating Rac proteins by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Its activity is synergistically activated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G protein. Mediates the activation of RAC1 in a PI3K-dependent manner.\n\nCIViC holds 1 clinical evidence item and 0 assertions across 1 variant, naming Vemurafenib. Open Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.73 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.91, animal model 0.42, genetic association 0.45, somatic mutation 0.82). IntOGen calls it a driver in 13 cohorts (10 activating, 3 loss-of-function), covering Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Invasive Breast Carcinoma, Colon Adenocarcinoma, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS, Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma, Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and others.","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:22950","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:22950"},{"label":"UniProt Q70Z35","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q70Z35/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 80243","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/80243"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000046889","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000046889"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["civic","open-targets","intogen"],"cancers":["esophageal","colorectal","gastric","breast-cancer","urothelial","hcc","ovarian","pancreatic"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: CIViC lists 1 therapies; IntOGen calls it an activating (Act) driver in 10 cohorts; IntOGen calls it a loss-of-function (LoF) driver in 3 cohorts; CIViC holds 1 clinical evidence items on its variants. Evidence tier \"clinical-evidence\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"PREX2","role":["drug-target","oncogene-driver","tumour-suppressor","biomarker"],"evidenceTier":"clinical-evidence","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:22950","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:22950","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt Q70Z35","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/Q70Z35/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"CIViC gene PREX2","url":"https://civicdb.org/features/15344","note":"1 evidence items, 0 assertions, 1 variants; diseases: Melanoma (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000046889","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000046889/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.73; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: colorectal cancer 0.55, gastric cancer 0.51, oesophageal cancer 0.52, melanoma 0.60, skin cancer 0.57, breast cancer 0.57 (GraphQL API, CC0)"},{"label":"IntOGen PREX2","url":"https://www.intogen.org/search?gene=PREX2","note":"driver in 13 cohorts (Act 10, LoF 3); Compendium_Cancer_Genes.tsv release 20240920, CC0 1.0"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:22950","ensembl":"ENSG00000046889","uniprot":"Q70Z35","entrez":"80243","biology":"Functions as a RAC1 guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), activating Rac proteins by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Its activity is synergistically activated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and the beta gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G protein. Mediates the activation of RAC1 in a PI3K-dependent manner. May be an important mediator of Rac signalling, acting directly downstream of both G protein-coupled receptors and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Locus 8q13.2 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Oesophageal cancer: Open Targets association 0.52 with oesophageal cancer (MONDO_0007576); IntOGen driver in 3 cohorts (ESCA, ESCC)","Colorectal cancer: Open Targets association 0.55 with colorectal cancer (MONDO_0005575); IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (COAD)","Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer: Open Targets association 0.51 with gastric cancer (MONDO_0001056); IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (STAD)","Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.57 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254); IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (BRCA)","Bladder & urothelial cancer: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (BLCA)","Hepatocellular carcinoma: IntOGen driver in 1 cohort (HCC)"],"targetClass":"oncogene","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/prex2/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"civic","kind":"collection","name":"CIViC","route":"/collections/civic/"},{"id":"intogen","kind":"collection","name":"IntOGen","route":"/collections/intogen/"},{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"urothelial","kind":"cancer","name":"Bladder & urothelial cancer","route":"/cancers/urothelial/"},{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"colorectal","kind":"cancer","name":"Colorectal cancer","route":"/cancers/colorectal/"},{"id":"gastric","kind":"cancer","name":"Gastric & gastro-oesophageal junction cancer","route":"/cancers/gastric/"},{"id":"hcc","kind":"cancer","name":"Hepatocellular carcinoma","route":"/cancers/hcc/"},{"id":"esophageal","kind":"cancer","name":"Oesophageal cancer","route":"/cancers/esophageal/"},{"id":"ovarian","kind":"cancer","name":"Ovarian cancer","route":"/cancers/ovarian/"},{"id":"pancreatic","kind":"cancer","name":"Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","route":"/cancers/pancreatic/"}]}}