{"entity":{"id":"prim1","kind":"target","name":"PRIM1","aka":["DNA primase subunit 1","DNA primase small subunit"],"tldr":"PRIM1 (DNA primase small subunit) is a protein that switches other genes on and off. The public catalogues list it as a drug target, and an approved or late-stage drug is recorded against it. Tied to Breast cancer, Leukaemia, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 5 more.","summary":"Catalytic subunit of the DNA primase complex and component of the DNA polymerase alpha complex (also known as the alpha DNA polymerase-primase complex - primosome/replisome) which play an essential role in the initiation of DNA synthesis. During the S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA polymerase alpha complex (composed of a catalytic subunit POLA1, an accessory subunit POLA2 and two primase subunits, the catalytic subunit PRIM1 and the regulatory subunit PRIM2) is recruited to DNA at the replicative forks via direct interactions with MCM10 and WDHD1. The primase subunit of the polymerase alpha complex initiates DNA synthesis by oligomerising short RNA primers on both leading and lagging strands.\n\nOpen Targets scores its association with cancer at 0.74 (direct and indirect evidence; datatypes literature 0.90, affected pathway 0.61, genetic association 0.42, clinical 0.99).","asOf":"2026-09-23","links":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9369","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9369"},{"label":"UniProt P49642","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49642/entry"},{"label":"NCBI Gene 5557","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5557"},{"label":"Ensembl ENSG00000198056","url":"https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000198056"}],"tags":["cancer-genes-wave"],"related":["open-targets"],"cancers":["breast-cancer","leukaemia","non-hodgkin-lymphoma","lung-cancer","myeloproliferative-neoplasms","ovarian","mds","all-leukemia"],"sections":[],"technologies":[],"targets":[],"drugs":[],"companies":[],"institutions":[],"pathways":[],"terms":[],"trials":[],"people":[],"bottlenecks":[],"keyPapers":[],"journals":[],"dependsOn":[],"notes":["Written by scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts from CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC and UniProt; the function text is UniProt's, condensed and in UK spelling. Roles: Open Targets known-drug datatype score 0.99. Evidence tier \"approved-drug\" is the strongest of those signals.","Prevalence not recorded: none of the sources gives a positivity rate."],"provenance":{"editedBy":"scripts/fetch-cancer-genes.ts (CIViC, Open Targets, IntOGen, HGNC, UniProt)","editedOn":"2026-09-23"},"symbol":"PRIM1","role":["drug-target"],"evidenceTier":"approved-drug","sources":[{"label":"HGNC HGNC:9369","url":"https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:9369","note":"approved symbol, name, aliases, locus and cross-references (hgnc_complete_set.txt)"},{"label":"UniProt P49642","url":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/P49642/entry","note":"protein name, function text, keywords and locations (REST API)"},{"label":"Open Targets ENSG00000198056","url":"https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000198056/associations","note":"association with cancer (MONDO_0004992) 0.74; per-cancer scores at or above 0.5: non-small cell lung carcinoma 0.59, ovarian cancer 0.58, acute myeloid leukaemia 0.59, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 0.60, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia 0.59, non-Hodgkin lymphoma 0.60 (GraphQL API, CC0)"}],"hgnc":"HGNC:9369","ensembl":"ENSG00000198056","uniprot":"P49642","entrez":"5557","biology":"Catalytic subunit of the DNA primase complex and component of the DNA polymerase alpha complex (also known as the alpha DNA polymerase-primase complex - primosome/replisome) which play an essential role in the initiation of DNA synthesis. During the S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA polymerase alpha complex (composed of a catalytic subunit POLA1, an accessory subunit POLA2 and two primase subunits, the catalytic subunit PRIM1 and the regulatory subunit PRIM2) is recruited to DNA at the replicative forks via direct interactions with MCM10 and WDHD1. The primase subunit of the polymerase alpha complex initiates DNA synthesis by oligomerising short RNA primers on both leading and lagging strands. These primers are initially extended by the polymerase alpha catalytic subunit and subsequently transferred to polymerase delta and polymerase epsilon for processive synthesis on the lagging and leading strand, respectively. In the primase complex, both subunits are necessary for the initial di-nucleotide formation, but the extension of the primer depends only on the catalytic subunit. Synthesises 9-mer RNA primers (also known as the 'unit length' RNA primers). Locus 12q13.3 (HGNC).","whereFound":["Breast cancer: Open Targets association 0.67 with breast cancer (MONDO_0007254)","Leukaemia: Open Targets association 0.60 with leukaemia (MONDO_0005059)","Non-Hodgkin lymphoma: Open Targets association 0.60 with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MONDO_0018908)","Lung cancer: Open Targets association 0.59 with lung cancer (MONDO_0008903)","Myeloproliferative neoplasms: Open Targets association 0.59 with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MONDO_0020076)","Ovarian cancer: Open Targets association 0.58 with ovarian cancer (MONDO_0008170)"],"targetClass":"transcription","prevalence":[]},"route":"/targets/prim1/","neighbours":{"collection":[{"id":"open-targets","kind":"collection","name":"Open Targets Platform","route":"/collections/open-targets/"}],"cancer":[{"id":"all-leukemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","route":"/cancers/all-leukemia/"},{"id":"breast-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Breast cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/breast-cancer/"},{"id":"leukaemia","kind":"cancer","name":"Leukaemia (all types)","route":"/cancers/leukaemia/"},{"id":"lung-cancer","kind":"cancer","name":"Lung cancer (all types)","route":"/cancers/lung-cancer/"},{"id":"mds","kind":"cancer","name":"Myelodysplastic syndromes / neoplasms (MDS)","route":"/cancers/mds/"},{"id":"myeloproliferative-neoplasms","kind":"cancer","name":"Myeloproliferative neoplasms (PV, ET, myelofibrosis)","route":"/cancers/myeloproliferative-neoplasms/"},{"id":"non-hodgkin-lymphoma","kind":"cancer","name":"Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (all types)","route":"/cancers/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/"},{"id":"ovarian","kind":"cancer","name":"Ovarian cancer","route":"/cancers/ovarian/"}]}}